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Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Nonsmokers - United States, 1988-2014.
Abstract Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products can cause sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers (1). There is no risk-free level of secondhand smoke exposure (2). CDC analyzed questionnaire and laboratory data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess patterns of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers. The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among U.S. nonsmokers declined substantially during 1988-2014...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 7, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Tsai J, Homa DM, Gentzke AS, Mahoney M, Sharapova SR, Sosnoff CS, Caron KT, Wang L, Melstrom PC, Trivers KF Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Accountability Assessment of Health Improvements in the United States Associated with Reduced Coal Emissions Between 2005 and 2012
Conclusions: The direct analyses of emissions reductions estimate substantial health benefits via coal power plant emission and PM2.5 concentration reductions. Differing responses associated with changes in the two exposure metrics underscore the importance of isolating source-specific impacts from those due to total PM2.5 exposure.
Source: Epidemiology - June 6, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Air Pollution Source Type: research

Prevalence of Self-Reported Hypertension and Antihypertensive Medication Use Among Adults - United States, 2017.
Abstract Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke (1). The prevalence of hypertension is higher among men than among women, increases with age, is highest among non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) (2), and has been consistently highest in the Southeastern region of the United States (1). To update prevalence estimates for self-reported hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication, CDC analyzed data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The overall (unadjusted) prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 9, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Samanic CM, Barbour KE, Liu Y, Fang J, Lu H, Schieb L, Greenlund KJ Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Prevalence of and Changes in Tooth Loss Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years with Selected Chronic Conditions - United States, 1999-2004 and 2011-2016.
Abstract Extensive tooth loss can lead to poor diet resulting in weight loss or obesity (1). It can also detract from physical appearance and impede speech, factors that can restrict social contact, inhibit intimacy, and lower self-esteem (1). Chronic medical conditions and oral conditions share common risk factors (2). Persons with chronic conditions are more likely to have untreated dental disease, which can result in tooth loss. Three measures of tooth loss during 1999-2004 and 2011-2016 were estimated by comparing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for each period among adu...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 28, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Parker ML, Thornton-Evans G, Wei L, Griffin SO Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

QuickStats: Death Rates* from Stroke † Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years, by Sex and Age Group - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2018.
QuickStats: Death Rates* from Stroke† Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years, by Sex and Age Group - National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Aug 21;69(33):1145 Authors: PMID: 32817599 [PubMed - in process]
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - August 20, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019.
Abstract Sexual minority persons experience health disparities associated with sexual stigma and discrimination and have a high prevalence of several health conditions that have been associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). Current COVID-19 surveillance systems do not capture information about sexual orientation. To begin bridging the gap in knowledge about COVID-19 risk among sexual minority adults, CDC examined disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults in the prevalence of underlying conditions with strong or mixed evidence of associations with severe COVID-19-related i...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 5, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Heslin KC, Hall JE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Comorbidities Among Young Adults with Congenital Heart Defects: Results from the Congenital Heart Survey To Recognize Outcomes, Needs, and well-beinG - Arizona, Arkansas, and Metropolitan Atlanta, 2016-2019.
Abstract An estimated 1.4 million adults in the United States live with congenital heart defects (CHDs), yet their health outcomes are not well understood (1). Using self-reported, cross-sectional data from 1,482 respondents in the 2016-2019 Congenital Heart Survey To Recognize Outcomes, Needs, and well-beinG (CH STRONG) (2), CDC and academic partners estimated the prevalence of comorbidities among adults with CHDs aged 20-38 years born in Arizona (AZ), Arkansas (AR), and metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia (GA) compared with the general population (aged 20-38 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Su...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 12, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Oster ME, Riser AP, Andrews JG, Bolin EH, Galindo MK, Nembhard WN, Rose CE, Farr SL Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Mortality at Delivery Hospitalization - United States, 2017-2019
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Apr 29;71(17):585-591. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7117a1.ABSTRACTHypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs), defined as prepregnancy (chronic) or pregnancy-associated hypertension, are common pregnancy complications in the United States.* HDPs are strongly associated with severe maternal complications, such as heart attack and stroke (1), and are a leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States.† CDC analyzed nationally representative data from the National Inpatient Sample to calculate the annual prevalence of HDP among delivery hospitalizations and by maternal characteristics, a...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - April 28, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nicole D Ford Shanna Cox Jean Y Ko Lijing Ouyang Lisa Romero Tiffany Colarusso Cynthia D Ferre Charlan D Kroelinger Donald K Hayes Wanda D Barfield Source Type: research

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associations with cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study
ConclusionsLong-term exposure to intermediate levels of ambient PM2.5 was associated with cardiopulmonary health outcomes. Our study adds value to future application and national burden of disease estimation in evaluating the health co-benefits from ambient air pollution reduction policy in Asian countries.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - April 26, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Active Post-Licensure Safety Surveillance for Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Using Electronic Health Record Data
Am J Epidemiol. 2022 Oct 4:kwac170. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwac170. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) (Shingrix; GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, United Kingdom) is an adjuvanted glycoprotein vaccine that was licensed in 2017 to prevent herpes zoster and its complications in older adults. In this prospective, post-licensure Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) study using electronic health records, we sequentially monitored a real-world population of adults aged 50 years and older who received care at multiple VSD health systems in the United States to identify potential increased risks of 10 pre-specified prior...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 4, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jennifer C Nelson Ernesto Ulloa-P érez Onchee Yu Andrea J Cook Michael L Jackson Edward A Belongia Matthew F Daley Rafael Harpaz Elyse O Kharbanda Nicola P Klein Allison L Naleway Hung-Fu Tseng Eric S Weintraub Jonathan Duffy W Katherine Yih Lisa A Jacks Source Type: research

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