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In Vitro Investigation of the Effect of Left Ventricular Assist Device Speed and Pulsatility Mode on Intraventricular Hemodynamics.
This study showed how LVAD speed, peripheral resistance and afterload impact the complex intraventricular flow patterns in a ventricle implanted with an LVAD and quantify their thrombogenic risk. PMID: 33128182 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - October 30, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Chassagne F, Miramontes M, Chivukula VK, Li S, Beckman JA, Mahr C, Aliseda A Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

A Novel Hybrid Membrane VAD as First Step Toward Hemocompatible Blood Propulsion.
P, Potapov E, Falk V, Mazza E Abstract Heart failure is a raising cause of mortality. Heart transplantation and ventricular assist device (VAD) support represent the only available lifelines for end stage disease. In the context of donor organ shortage, the future role of VAD as destination therapy is emerging. Yet, major drawbacks are connected to the long-term implantation of current devices. Poor VAD hemocompatibility exposes the patient to life-threatening events, including haemorrhagic syndromes and thrombosis. Here, we introduce a new concept of artificial support, the Hybrid Membrane VAD, as a first-of-its...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - September 7, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ferrari A, Giampietro C, Bachmann B, Bernardi L, Bezuidenhhout D, Ermanni P, Hopf R, Kitz S, Kress G, Loosli C, Marina V, Meboldt M, Pellegrini G, Poulikakos D, Rebholz M, Schmid Daners M, Schmidt T, Starck C, Stefopoulos G, Sündermann S, Thamsen B, Zill Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Investigating the Mechanical Behavior of Clot Analogues Through Experimental and Computational Analysis.
Abstract With mechanical thrombectomy emerging as the new standard of care for stroke treatment, clot analogues provide an extremely useful tool in the testing and design of these treatment devices. The aim of this study is to characterise the mechanical behavior of thrombus analogues as a function of composition. Platelet-contracted clot analogues were prepared from blood mixtures of various hematocrits. Mechanical testing was performed whereby clots were subjected to unconfined compression between two rigid plates. Two loading protocols were imposed: cyclic compression for 10 cycles at a constant strain-rate mag...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - July 19, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Johnson S, McCarthy R, Gilvarry M, McHugh PE, McGarry JP Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Numerical Study of Atrial Fibrillation Effects on Flow Distribution in Aortic Circulation.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia, which undermines cardiac function. Atrial fibrillation is a multi-facet malady and it may occur as a result of other diseases or it may trigger other problems. One of the main complications of AF is stroke due to the possibility of clot formation inside the atrium. However, the possibility of stroke occurrence due to the AF and the location from which an embolus dispatches are subject of debate. Another hypothesis about the embolus formation during AF is thrombus formation in aorta and carotid arteries, embolus detachment and its movement. To...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - January 13, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Deyranlou A, Naish JH, Miller CA, Revell A, Keshmiri A Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Efficacy of Sonothrombolysis Using Microbubbles Produced by a Catheter-Based Microfluidic Device in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Limitations of existing thrombolytic therapies for acute ischemic stroke have motivated the development of catheter-based approaches that utilize no or low doses of thrombolytic drugs combined with a mechanical action to either dissolve or extract the thrombus. Sonothrombolysis accelerates thrombus dissolution via the application of ultrasound combined with microbubble contrast agents and low doses of thrombolytics to mechanically disrupt the fibrin mesh. In this work, we studied the efficacy of catheter-directed sonothrombolysis in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Microbubbles of 10-20 µm diameter with ...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - January 28, 2019 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Dixon AJ, Li J, Rickel JR, Klibanov AL, Zuo Z, Hossack JA Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Review of Mechanical Testing and Modelling of Thrombus Material for Vascular Implant and Device Design.
Abstract A thrombus or blood clot is a solid mass, made up of a network of fibrin, platelets and other blood components. Blood clots can form through various pathways, for example as a result of exposed tissue factor from vascular injury, as a result of low flow/stasis, or in very high shear flow conditions. Embolization of cardiac or vascular originating blood clots, causing an occlusion of the neurovasculature, is the major cause of stroke and accounts for 85% of all stroke. With mechanical thrombectomy emerging as the new standard of care in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the need to generate a b...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - August 28, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Johnson S, Duffy S, Gunning G, Gilvarry M, McGarry JP, McHugh PE Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

A Computational Framework for Personalized Blood Flow Analysis in the Human Left Atrium.
In this study, our aim was to develop a clinically feasible methodology to perform personalized blood flow analysis within the heart. We propose an alternative computational approach to perform personalized blood flow analysis by providing the three-dimensional LA endocardial surface motion estimated from patient-specific cardiac CT images. In two patients (case 1 and 2), a four-dimensional displacement vector field was estimated using nonrigid registration. The LA blood outflow across the mitral valve (MV) was calculated from the LV volume, and the flow field within the LA was derived from the incompressible Navier-Stokes...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - October 31, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Otani T, Al-Issa A, Pourmorteza A, McVeigh ER, Wada S, Ashikaga H Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research