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Condition: Encephalitis
Infectious Disease: Herpes

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Total 162 results found since Jan 2013.

Misdiagnosis of CADASIL: A single Medical Center experience (P1.251)
Conclusions:CADASIL is the most prevalent monogenic cerebral small-vessel arteriopathy. Despite wide availability of genetic testing, misdiagnosis and delay diagnosis are common. We encourage for enhanced awareness of CADASIL among patients with migraines with aura, recurrent TIAs or subcortical ischemic strokes, and mood disorder, in order to provide appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, psychological support and genetic counselingStudy Supported by: n/aDisclosure: Dr. Ortiz-Garcia has nothing to disclose. Dr. Orjuela has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sweis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Biller has received personal compensat...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ortiz-Garcia, J., Orjuela, K., Sweis, R., Biller, J. Tags: Genetic Stroke Syndromes, Biomarkers, and Translational/Basic Research Source Type: research

What Genetics are Associated with Multiple Sclerosis?
Discussion Multiple sclerosis (MS) is “a chronic degenerative, often episodic disease of the central nervous system marked by patchy destruction of the myelin that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, usually appearing in young adulthood and manifested by one or more mild to severe neural and muscular impairments, as spastic weakness in one or more limbs, local sensory losses, bladder dysfunction, or visual disturbances.” It is a chronic disease and therefore symptoms must occur more than once. The first episode is called an acute demyelinating attack. Fifteen to forty-five percent of children with their first...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Encephalitis as a Cause of Ischemic Stroke: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature
Our objective is to describe a patient who developed an ischemic stroke as a complication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) encephalitis and to review the literature.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Panagiotis Zis, Panagiota Stritsou, Panagiotis Angelidakis, Antonios Tavernarakis Source Type: research

E-086 non-ischemic etiologies by ct perfusion
ConclusionThe radiologist should be aware of the imaging findings of etiologies which may mimic an acute ischemic stroke on CT perfusion imaging.DisclosuresM. Chehab: None. J. Wilseck: None.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Chehab, M., Wilseck, J. Tags: SNIS 12th Annual Meeting Electronic Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Relationship of herpes simplex encephalitis and transcranial direct current stimulation–a case report
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that delivers weak polarizing direct currents (1–2mA) to the cortex using two electrodes placed on the scalp. During recent years, tDCS has been used for various neurologic disorders such as stroke, chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease and depression [1–11]. Common side effects, though infrequent include mild tingling, fatigue, pruritus, headache, nausea and insomnia [12]. While it is well-known that herpes simplex virus reactivation may be triggered by trauma [13] (i.e., surgery and UV – radiation), to date there has been no r...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 17, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Yuanbin Yang, Juan Xiao, Haiqing Song, Ralph Wang, Mohammed Hussain, Weiqun Song Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Relationship of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that delivers weak polarizing direct currents (1–2mA) to the cortex using two electrodes placed on the scalp. During recent years, tDCS has been used for various neurologic disorders such as stroke, chronic pain, Parkinson's disease and depression [1–11]. Common side effects, though infrequent include mild tingling, fatigue, pruritus, headache, nausea and insomnia [12]. While it is well-known that herpes simplex virus reactivation may be triggered by trauma [13] (i.e surgery and UV–radiation), to date there has been no reporte...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 17, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Yuanbin Yang, Juan Xiao, Haiqing Song, Ralph Wang, Mohammed Hussain, Weiqun Song Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Semantic memory: Which side are you on?
We present two patients in whom the combination of lesion site and cognitive performance was uniquely informative about the organisation and functional anatomy of semantic memory. One had had a single lobar stroke with an unusual distribution, largely destroying the whole of the left temporal lobe ventral to the superior temporal sulcus. The other patient had had herpes simplex encephalitis with destruction that was confined to the left cerebral hemisphere. The lesion again mainly encompassed the left temporal lobe, but also extended to the left inferior frontal gyrus. Cognitive outcomes in the two patients were compared w...
Source: Neuropsychologia - November 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES: Anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR2A/B antibodies, Anti-mGluR1 antibodies or Anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: Epilepsy, Encephalitis, Cerebellar Ataxia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren's syndrome, Schizophrenia, Mania or Stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor's expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate Blood Brain Barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral/psychiatric/cognitive abnormalities and Ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy.
Abstract Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the Central Nervous System (CNS), and it is crucially needed for numerous key neuronal functions. Yet, excess glutamate causes massive neuronal death and brain damage by excitotoxicity-detrimental over activation of glutamate receptors. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is the main pathological process taking place in many types of acute and chronic CNS diseases and injuries. In recent years, it became clear that not only excess glutamate can cause massive brain damage, but that several types of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies, that are present in ...
Source: Herpes - August 1, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Levite M Tags: J Neural Transm Source Type: research

The Clinical Features and Prognosis of Patients with Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Referral Center in Turkey.
Abstract The availability of video electroencephalography monitoring (VEEGM) in neurological intensive care units has allowed the recognition and treatment of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). However, little is known about characteristics, management, and outcomes in patients with NCSE in developing countries. We retrospectively reviewed the video-EEG reports of 120 patients who were monitored from November 2009 to March 2013. Indications for video-EEG were mostly unexplained alterations of consciousness or witnessed convulsive seizures. We identified the clinical characteristics, treatment regimes, and ou...
Source: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience - November 28, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Dericioglu N, Arsava EM, Topcuoglu MA Tags: Clin EEG Neurosci Source Type: research

Herpes-Simplex Virus 2: A New Player in Cerebral Vasculitis (P03.259)
CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum of atypical CNS manifestations related to HSV is emerging. We report a case of cerebral vasculitis, which was masked by the initial presentation as thalamic hemorrhage and followed by an encephalitic syndrome and multifocal ischemic stroke. The work-up revealed HSV-2 as a new and treatable cause of infectious vasculitis.Supported by: JS is supported by a scientific fellowship from the European Federation of Neurological Societies.Disclosure: Dr. Sellner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wunderlich has nothing to disclose. Dr. Förschler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nadas has nothing to disclose. Dr...
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sellner, J., Wunderlich, S., Forschler, A., Nadas, K., Hemmer, B., Zepper, P. Tags: P03 Infections I Source Type: research