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Preventing dementia by preventing stroke: The Berlin Manifesto.
This article summarizes the evidence for translation into action. PMID: 31327392 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - July 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Strategic goals and roadmap for dementia prevention by stroke prevention.
Authors: Khachaturian ZS, Kuller LH, Khachaturian AS PMID: 31327390 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - July 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Blood amyloid levels and risk of dementia in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS): A longitudinal analysis.
We examined baseline plasma β-amyloid (Aβ) levels in relationship to incident dementia during a period of 8.5 years in 2840 subjects age >75 years; 2381 were cognitively normal (CN) and 450 mild cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Increased plasma Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels were associated with gender (women), age, low education, creatinine levels, history of stroke, and hypertension. CN participants who developed dementia had lower levels of Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio compared with those who did not. Aβ levels did not predict dementia in mild cognitive impairment participants. DISCUSSION: There was an inv...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - July 2, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Quantifying blood-brain barrier leakage in small vessel disease: Review and consensus recommendations.
Authors: Thrippleton MJ, Backes WH, Sourbron S, Ingrisch M, van Osch MJP, Dichgans M, Fazekas F, Ropele S, Frayne R, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Smith EE, Wardlaw JM Abstract Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) comprises pathological processes of the small vessels in the brain that may manifest clinically as stroke, cognitive impairment, dementia, or gait disturbance. It is generally accepted that endothelial dysfunction, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) failure, is pivotal in the pathophysiology. Recent years have seen increasing use of imaging, primarily dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, to asses...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - April 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Dementia: Paradigm shifting into high gear.
Authors: Hachinski V Abstract Redressing the rising threat of dementia demands not only an increase, but a diversification of efforts. We need new approaches, trials, and partners. We cannot afford to continue to only round up the usual suspects, β amyloid, and tau and try to stop them with a single drug "silver bullet". Dementia of late onset is not a disease, but an amalgam of interactive pathologies on the shifting background of aging, requiring multimodal targeting. Cerebrovascular diseases coexist and coact with all major neurodegenerative pathologies, increasing two-fold the likelihood that they will manifes...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - April 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Genetic overlap between vascular pathologies and Alzheimer's dementia and potential causal mechanisms.
DISCUSSION: Our findings provide evidence for genetic overlap, mostly due to apolipoprotein E (APOE), between vascular pathologies and AD dementia. The association between AD polygenic risk and late-life cognition is mediated in part via effects on vascular pathologies. PMID: 30240575 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - September 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Stroke and dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
DISCUSSION: Stroke is a strong, independent, and potentially modifiable risk factor for all-cause dementia. PMID: 30177276 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - September 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Increased risk for dementia both before and after stroke: A population-based study in women followed over 44  years.
DISCUSSION: There is an increased risk for dementia both before and after stroke. This has implications for understanding the relation between the two disorders and for prevention of dementia and stroke. PMID: 29936145 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - June 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and risk of stroke and death in people with dementia.
DISCUSSION: The use of AChEIs in people with dementia may be associated with reduced risk of ischemic stroke and death. These results call for a closer examination of the cardiovascular effects of AChEIs. PMID: 29706487 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - May 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Association of cancer and Alzheimer's disease risk in a national cohort of veterans.
DISCUSSION: Survivors of some cancers have a lower risk of AD but not other age-related conditions, arguing that lower AD diagnosis is not simply due to bias. Cancer treatment may be associated with decreased risk of AD. PMID: 28711346 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - July 19, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Population-based stroke and dementia incidence trends: Age and sex variations.
This study explores these trends within demographic subgroups. METHODS: We analyzed administrative data sources using validated algorithms to calculate stroke and dementia incidence rates from 2002 to 2013. RESULTS: For more than 12 years, stroke incidence remained unchanged among those aged 20 to 49 years and decreased for those aged 50 to 64, 65 to 79, and 80+ years by 22.7%, 36.9%, and 37.9%, respectively. Dementia incidence increased by 17.3% and 23.5% in those aged 20 to 49 and 50 to 64 years, respectively, and remained unchanged in those aged 65 to 79 years and decreased by 15.4% in those aged 80+ years. ...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - April 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.
This report describes the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease, including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, costs of care, and the overall impact on caregivers and society. It also examines in detail the financial impact of Alzheimer's on families, including annual costs to families and the difficult decisions families must often make to pay those costs. An estimated 5.4 million Americans have Alzheimer's disease. By mid-century, the number of people living with Alzheimer's disease in the United States is projected to grow to 13.8 million, fueled in large part by the aging baby boom generation. Today, someo...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - August 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

METACOHORTS for the study of vascular disease and its contribution to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration: An initiative of the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research.
Authors: METACOHORTS Consortium Abstract Dementia is a global problem and major target for health care providers. Although up to 45% of cases are primarily or partly due to cerebrovascular disease, little is known of these mechanisms or treatments because most dementia research still focuses on pure Alzheimer's disease. An improved understanding of the vascular contributions to neurodegeneration and dementia, particularly by small vessel disease, is hampered by imprecise data, including the incidence and prevalence of symptomatic and clinically "silent" cerebrovascular disease, long-term outcomes (cognitive, stroke...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - August 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Delayed-onset dementia after stroke or transient ischemic attack.
DISCUSSION: Severe SVD contributes importantly to delayed-onset dementia after stroke and/or TIA. Future clinical trials aiming to prevent delayed-onset dementia after stroke and/or TIA should target this high-risk group. PMID: 27327542 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - June 23, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

Incidence and predictors of cognitive impairment and dementia in Aboriginal Australians: A follow-up study of 5 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Dementia incidence in Aboriginal Australians is among the highest in the world, and is associated with age and head injury. PMID: 25998515 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - May 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research

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