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Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation - A brief introduction and overview
Auton Neurosci. 2022 Sep 27;243:103038. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2022.103038. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInvasive cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is approved for the treatment of epilepsies, depression, obesity, and for stroke-rehabilitation. The procedure requires surgery, has side-effects, is expensive and not readily available. Consequently, transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) has been developed 20 years ago as non-invasive, less expensive, and easily applicable alternative. Since the vagus nerve reaches the skin at the outer acoustic canal and ear, and reflex-responses such as the ear-cough-reflex or the auriculo-cardiac ...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - October 6, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Max J Hilz Source Type: research

PB3. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation in neurointensive care patients suffering from severe post-stroke dysphagia – Post stimulation increase of salivary substance P level may indicate treatment success
Dysphagia is one of the most important and prognostically relevant complications of acute stroke. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation (PES) is a treatment device that enhances cortical reorganization for the restoration of swallowing function after cerebral injury. Furthermore, it was shown that PES leads to a temporary increase of Substance P (SP) level in saliva but not serum in healthy adults. The neuropeptide SP likely acts as a neurotransmitter in the pharyngeal mucosa and enhances the swallow and cough reflex.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Muhle, S. Suntrup-Krueger, S. Bittner, T. Ruck, I. Claus, T. Marian, J.B. Schr öder, J. Minnerup, T. Warnecke, S.G. Meuth, R. Dziewas Source Type: research