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Specialty: Physiology
Condition: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
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Total 23 results found since Jan 2013.
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in the paraventricular nucleus-mediated renal sympatho-inhibition
In this study, we proposed C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) as a potential mediator of this sympatho-inhibition within the PVN. Microinjection of CNP (1.0 μg) into the PVN significantly decreased renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) (−25.8% ± 1.8% vs. −3.6% ± 1.5%), mean arterial pressure (−15.0 ± 1.9 vs. −0.1 ± 0.9 mmHg) and heart rate (−23.6 ± 3.5 vs. −0.3 ± 0.9 beats/min) compared with microinjection of vehicle. Picoinjection of CNP significantly decreased the basal discharge of extracellular single-unit recordings in 5/6 (83%) rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM)-projecting PVN neurons and in 6/...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 4, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Reducing brain TACE activity improves neuroinflammation and cardiac function in heart failure rats
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme (TACE) is a key metalloprotease mediating ectodomain shedding of a variety of inflammatory mediators, substrates, and growth factors. We previously reported that TACE-mediated production of TNF-α in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contributes to sympathetic excitation in heart failure (HF). Here, we sought to determine whether central interventions in TACE activity attenuate neuroinflammation and improve cardiac function in heart failure. Myocardial infarction-induced HF or sham-operated (SHAM) rats were treated with bilateral paraventricular nucleus microinj...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
K < sub > V < /sub > 4 channels in isolectin B4 muscle dorsal root ganglion neurons of rats with experimental peripheral artery disease: Effects of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors
In conclusion, our data suggest that limb ischemia and/or ischemia induced-BK inhibit activity of KV4 channels in a subpopulation of the thin fiber muscle afferent neurons depending on GDNF, which is likely a part of signaling pathways involved in the exaggerated blood pressure response during activation of muscle afferent nerves in PAD.PMID:36094447 | DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00117.2022
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - September 12, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Qin Li Lu Qin Jianhua Li Source Type: research
Post-Ganglionic Sympathetic Neurons can Directly Sense Raised Extracellular Na+ via SCN7a/Nax
The relationship between dietary NaCl intake and high blood pressure is well-established, and occurs primarily through activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Nax, a Na+-sensitive Na+ channel, plays a pivotal role in driving sympathetic excitability, which is thought to originate from central regions controlling neural outflow. We investigated whether post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons from different ganglia innervating cardiac and vasculature tissue can also directly sense extracellular Na+. Using whole-cell patch clamp recordings we demonstrate that sympathetic neurons from three sympathetic ganglia (superior cerv...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 17, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Fine Tuning of Phosphorothioate Inclusion in 2 ′-O-Methyl Oligonucleotides Contributes to Specific Cell Targeting for Splice-Switching Modulation
Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide- (SSO-) mediated correction of framedisrupting mutation-containing premessenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts using exon skipping is a highly promising treatment method for muscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Phosphorothioate (PS) chemistry, a commonly used oligonucleotide modification, has been shown to increase the stability of and improve the pharmacokinetics of SSOs. However, the effect of PS inclusion in 2′-O-methyl SSOs (2OMe) on cellular uptake and splice switching is less well-understood. At present, we demonstrate that the modification of PS facilitate...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 13, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The Release of Nitric Oxide Is Involved in the β-Arrestin1-Induced Antihypertensive Effect in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla
β-Arrestin1 is a multifunctional scaffold protein with the ability to interact with diverse signaling molecules independent of G protein-coupled receptors. We previously reported that overexpression of β-arrestin1 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) decreased blood pressure (BP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Nitric oxide (NO) is widely reported to be involved in central cardiovascular regulation. The goal of this study was to investigate whether NO signaling contributes to the β-arrestin1-mediated antihypertensive effect in the RVLM. It was found that bila...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 18, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The sympathetic/beta-adrenergic pathway mediates irisin regulation of cardiac functions in zebrafish
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2021 Jun 11:111016. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111016. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIrisin is a 23 kDa myokine encoded in its precursor, fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5). The exercise-induced increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α) promotes FNDC5 mRNA, followed by the proteolytic cleavage of FNDC5 to release irisin from the skeletal or cardiac muscle into blood. Irisin is abundantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle and plays an important role in feeding, modulates appetite regulatory peptid...
Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular and integrative physiology. - June 14, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Lakshminarasimhan Sundarrajan Jithine Jayakumar Rajeswari Lynn P Weber Suraj Unniappan Source Type: research
Acute intracerebroventricular injection of chemerin-9 increases systemic blood pressure through activating sympathetic nerves via CMKLR1 in brain.
We examined the effects of acute i.c.v. injection of chemerin-9 (10 nmol/head) on systemic BP by a carotid cannulation method in the control or CMKLR1 small interfering (si) RNA-treated Wistar rats (0.04 nmol, 3 days, i.c.v.). We examined protein expression of CMKLR1 around brain ventricles by Western blotting. We examined the effects of acute i.c.v. injection of chemerin-9 on serum adrenaline by a high performance liquid chromatography. In the control siRNA-treated rats, chemerin-9 significantly increased mean BP, which reached a peak at 2 to 4 min after injection. On the other hand, in the CMKLR1 siRNA-treated rats, ...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - May 26, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Yamamoto A, Matsumoto K, Hori K, Kameshima S, Yamaguchi N, Okada S, Okada M, Yamawaki H Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research
