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Specialty: Chemistry
Condition: Obesity
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Total 20 results found since Jan 2013.
Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 1328: Identification of a Sesquiterpene Lactone from Arctium lappa Leaves with Antioxidant Activity in Primary Human Muscle Cells
In this study, we investigated the antioxidant properties of Arctium lappa leaves in a model of primary human muscle cells exposed to H2O2 oxidative stress. We identified using bioassay-guided purification, onopordopicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone as the main molecule responsible for the antioxidant activity of A. lappa leaf extract. According to our findings, onopordopicrin inhibited the H2O2-mediated loss of muscle cell viability, by limiting the production of free radicals and abolishing DNA cellular damages. Moreover, we showed that onopordopicrin promoted the expression of the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor ...
Source: Molecules - March 2, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nour El Khatib Sylvie Morel G érald Hugon Sylvie Rapior Gilles Carnac Nathalie Saint Tags: Article Source Type: research
Berberine improves dietary-induced cardiac remodeling by upregulating Kruppel-like factor 4-dependent mitochondrial function.
Authors: Ding L, Li S, Wang F, Xu J, Li S, Wang B, Kou J, Wang Y, Cao W
Abstract
Multiple studies have showed that berberine protects against heart diseases, including obesityassociated cardiomyopathy. However, it is not fully disclosed the potential molecular mechanisms of berberine on controlling cardiac remodelling. Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 4, identified as a critical transcriptional factor, participates in multiple cardiac injuries. The present study was to explore whether KLF4 determined the cardioprotective benefits of berberine in dietary-induced obese mice. High fat diet-induced obese mice were treated wit...
Source: Biological Chemistry - February 7, 2021 Category: Chemistry Tags: Biol Chem Source Type: research
Angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonism by losartan stimulates adipocyte browning via induction of apelin Cell Biology
Adipocyte browning appears to be a potential therapeutic strategy to combat obesity and related metabolic disorders. Recent studies have shown that apelin, an adipokine, stimulates adipocyte browning and has negative cross-talk with angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1 receptor) signaling. Here, we report that losartan, a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, induces browning, as evidenced by an increase in browning marker expression, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxygen consumption in murine adipocytes. In parallel, losartan up-regulated apelin expression, concomitant with increased phosphorylation of protein kinase B and AMP...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 30, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Dong Young Kim, Mi Jin Choi, Tae Kyung Ko, Na Hyun Lee, Ok-Hee Kim, Hyae Gyeong Cheon Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
The mitochondrial protein PGAM5 suppresses energy consumption in brown adipocytes by repressing expression of uncoupling protein 1 Metabolism
Accumulating evidence suggests that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential therapeutic target for managing obesity and related diseases. PGAM family member 5, mitochondrial serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PGAM5), is a protein phosphatase that resides in the mitochondria and regulates many biological processes, including cell death, mitophagy, and immune responses. Because BAT is a mitochondria-rich tissue, we have hypothesized that PGAM5 has a physiological function in BAT. We previously reported that PGAM5-knockout (KO) mice are resistant to severe metabolic stress. Importantly, lipid accumulation is suppressed i...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 23, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sho Sugawara, Yusuke Kanamaru, Shiori Sekine, Lila Maekawa, Akinori Takahashi, Tadashi Yamamoto, Kengo Watanabe, Takao Fujisawa, Kazuki Hattori, Hidenori Ichijo Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Intestinal breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) requires Janus kinase 3 activity for drug efflux and barrier functions in obesity Signal Transduction
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a member of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins whose primary function is to efflux substrates bound to the plasma membrane. Impaired intestinal barrier functions play a major role in chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI)–associated obesity, but the regulation of BCRP during obesity and its role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function during CLGI-associated obesity are unknown. In the present study, using several approaches, including efflux assays, immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, paracellular permeability assay, FACS, cytokine assay...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 28, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jayshree Mishra, Randall Simonsen, Narendra Kumar Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research
Meclofenamic acid promotes cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting fat mass and obesity-associated protein-mediated m6A abrogation in RNA RNA
In conclusion, reduced renal FTO expression in cisplatin-induced AKI increases RNA m6A levels and aggravates renal damages.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 7, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Peihui Zhou, Ming Wu, Chaoyang Ye, Qingqing Xu, Li Wang Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research
Circulating ectodysplasin A is a potential biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
CONCLUSIONS: EDA aggravates steatosis by striking balance between lipid deposition and elimination. It was a potential biomarker of NAFLD.
PMID: 31526774 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - September 13, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yang J, Zhou W, Zhu J, Wu Y, Xu L, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research
Complement 1q-like-3 protein inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic {beta}-cells via the cell adhesion G protein-coupled receptor BAI3 Cell Biology
Secreted proteins are important metabolic regulators in both healthy and disease states. Here, we sought to investigate the mechanism by which the secreted protein complement 1q-like-3 (C1ql3) regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, a key process affecting whole-body glucose metabolism. We found that C1ql3 predominantly inhibits exendin-4– and cAMP-stimulated insulin secretion from mouse and human islets. However, to a lesser extent, C1ql3 also reduced insulin secretion in response to KCl, the potassium channel blocker tolbutamide, and high glucose. Strikingly, C1ql3 did not affect insulin secretion stimula...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 23, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Rajesh Gupta, Dan C. Nguyen, Michael D. Schaid, Xia Lei, Appakalai N. Balamurugan, G. William Wong, Jeong-a Kim, James E. Koltes, Michelle E. Kimple, Sushant Bhatnagar Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research
Elucidation of the 14-3-3{zeta} interactome reveals critical roles of RNA-splicing factors during adipogenesis Genomics and Proteomics
Adipogenesis involves a complex signaling network requiring strict temporal and spatial organization of effector molecules. Molecular scaffolds, such as 14-3-3 proteins, facilitate such organization, and we have previously identified 14-3-3ζ as an essential scaffold in adipocyte differentiation. The interactome of 14-3-3ζ is large and diverse, and it is possible that novel adipogenic factors may be present within it, but this possibility has not yet been tested. Herein, we generated mouse embryonic fibroblasts from mice overexpressing a tandem affinity purification (TAP) epitope–tagged 14-3-3ζ molecule. After inducing...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 4, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yves Mugabo, Mina Sadeghi, Nancy N. Fang, Thibault Mayor, Gareth E. Lim Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
Transcription factor 21 (TCF21) promotes proinflammatory interleukin 6 expression and extracellular matrix remodeling in visceral adipose stem cells Gene Regulation
The visceral (VIS) and subcutaneous (SQ) fat pads are developmentally distinct white adipose tissue depots and contribute differently to inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity. The basic helix–loop–helix transcriptional regulator, transcription factor 21 (TCF21), is a marker gene for white adipose tissues and is abundantly expressed in VIS-derived adipose stem cells (ASCs), but not in SQ-derived ASCs. However, TCF21's role in regulating fat depot–specific gene expression and function is incompletely understood. Here, using siRNA-mediated Tcf21 knockdowns and lentiviral gene transfer of TCF21 in m...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 27, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Takeshi Akama, Tae-Hwa Chun Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Cyclin C regulates adipogenesis by stimulating transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein {alpha} Metabolism
Brown adipose tissue is important for maintaining energy homeostasis and adaptive thermogenesis in rodents and humans. As disorders arising from dysregulated energy metabolism, such as obesity and metabolic diseases, have increased, so has interest in the molecular mechanisms of adipocyte biology. Using a functional screen, we identified cyclin C (CycC), a conserved subunit of the Mediator complex, as a novel regulator for brown adipocyte formation. siRNA-mediated CycC knockdown (KD) in brown preadipocytes impaired the early transcriptional program of differentiation, and genetic KO of CycC completely blocked the different...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 26, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ziyi Song, Alus M. Xiaoli, Quanwei Zhang, Yi Zhang, Ellen S. T. Yang, Sven Wang, Rui Chang, Zhengdong D. Zhang, Gongshe Yang, Randy Strich, Jeffrey E. Pessin, Fajun Yang Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research
A novel role for the Wnt inhibitor APCDD1 in adipocyte differentiation: Implications for diet-induced obesity Lipids
Impaired adipogenic differentiation during diet-induced obesity (DIO) promotes adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation, thereby contributing to metabolic disease. Adenomatosis polyposis coli down-regulated 1 (APCDD1) has recently been identified as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, a key regulator of adipogenic differentiation. Here we report a novel role for APCDD1 in adipogenic differentiation via repression of Wnt signaling and an epigenetic linkage between miR-130 and APCDD1 in DIO. APCDD1 expression was significantly up-regulated in mature adipocytes compared with undifferentiated preadipocytes in both human and mouse sub...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 14, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nicole K. H. Yiew, Tapan K. Chatterjee, Yao Liang Tang, Rod Pellenberg, Brian K. Stansfield, Zsolt Bagi, David J. Fulton, David W. Stepp, Weiqin Chen, Vijay Patel, Vinayak M. Kamath, Sheldon E. Litwin, David Y. Hui, Steven M. Rudich, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. W Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Activity in Human White Adipocytes Is Regulated by the Ubiquitin Carrier Protein 9/microRNA-30a Axis Cell Biology
In this study, we demonstrate that the mRNA and protein expression of Ubc9 are regulated by the microRNA miRNA-30a (miR-30a) in human subcutaneous adipocytes. Ubc9 and miR-30a exhibit inverse expression in adipose tissue, with miR-30a robustly elevated in brown fat. Depletion of Ubc9 by siRNA or enforced expression of a miR-30a mimic augments mitochondrial volume and respiration in human white adipocytes, reflecting features of brown fat cells. Furthermore, Ubc9 depletion induces a brown fat gene program in human subcutaneous adipocytes. Induction of the beige-selective gene program corresponds to stabilization of the PR d...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 17, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Eun Hee Koh, Yong Chen, David A. Bader, Mark P. Hamilton, Bin He, Brian York, Shingo Kajimura, Sean E. McGuire, Sean M. Hartig Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research
Oncostatin M and Adipose Tissue Homeostasis Molecular Bases of Disease
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a multifunctional gp130 cytokine. Although OSM is produced in adipose tissue, it is not produced by adipocytes. OSM expression is significantly induced in adipose tissue from obese mice and humans. The OSM-specific receptor, OSM receptor β (OSMR), is expressed in adipocytes, but its function remains largely unknown. To better understand the effects of OSM in adipose tissue, we knocked down Osmr expression in adipocytes in vitro using siRNA. In vivo, we generated a mouse line lacking Osmr in adiponectin-expressing cells (OSMRFKO mice). The effects of OSM on gene expression were also assessed in vitro ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 11, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Elks, C. M., Zhao, P., Grant, R. W., Hang, H., Bailey, J. L., Burk, D. H., McNulty, M. A., Mynatt, R. L., Stephens, J. M. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
Miox in Obesity Molecular Bases of Disease
This study highlights mechanisms concerning the pathobiology of tubular injury in the context of myo-inositol oxygenase (Miox), a tubular enzyme. The kidneys of mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) had increased Miox expression and activity, and the latter was related to phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues. Also, expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein1 (Srebp1) and markers of cellular/nuclear damage was increased along with accentuated apoptosis and loss of tubular brush border. Similar results were observed in cells treated with palmitate/BSA. Multiple sterol-response elements and E-box motifs were fou...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 15, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tominaga, T., Dutta, R. K., Joladarashi, D., Doi, T., Reddy, J. K., Kanwar, Y. S. Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research
