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Pharmacological strategies for protection of extrahepatic islet transplantation.
This article gathers courses and conditions that lead to islet loss, from organ procurement through islet transplantation, with special emphasis on hypoxia, oxidative stress, and antigen non-specific inflammation, and reviews strategies using pharmacological agents that have shown effectiveness in protecting islets, including a new treatment approach utilizing siRNA. Pharmacological agents that support islet survival and promote β-cell proliferation are also included. Treatment of donor pancreata and/or islets with these agents should increase the effectiveness of islets transplanted into extrahepatic sites. Furthermore, ...
Source: Minerva Endocrinologica - June 4, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Minerva Endocrinol Source Type: research

Delivery and Targeting of miRNAs for Treating Liver Fibrosis
Abstract Liver fibrosis is a pathological condition originating from liver damage that leads to excess accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the liver. Viral infection, chronic injury, local inflammatory responses and oxidative stress are the major factors contributing to the onset and progression of liver fibrosis. Multiple cell types and various growth factors and inflammatory cytokines are involved in the induction and progression of this disease. Various strategies currently being tried to attenuate liver fibrosis include the inhibition of HSC activation or induction of their apoptosis, reduc...
Source: Pharmaceutical Research - January 24, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Platelet Factor 4 Limits Th17 Differentiation and Ischaemia–Reperfusion Injury After Liver Transplantation in Mice
In conclusion, PF4 limits liver IRI through IL‐17 inhibition via upregulation of SOCS3.
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology - January 20, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: H. Guo, Y. Wang, Z. Zhao, X. Shao Tags: Experimental Immunology Source Type: research

Platelet factor 4 limits Th17 differentiation and ischemia‐reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in mice
In conclusion, PF4 limits liver IRI through IL‐17 inhibition via up‐regulation of SOCS3. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology - November 29, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hefeng Guo, Zhiming Zhao, Yue Wang Tags: Regular Manuscript Source Type: research

ATF6 Mediates a Pro‐Inflammatory Synergy Between ER Stress and TLR Activation in the Pathogenesis of Liver Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Although the roles of the metabolic stress in organ ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) have been well recognized, the question of whether and how these stress responses regulate innate immune activation against IR remains unclear. In a murine liver partial warm ischemia mode, we showed that prolonged ischemia triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, particularly, the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) branch, in liver Kupffer cells (KCs) and altered their responsiveness against Toll‐like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Ischemia‐primed cells increased pro‐, but decreased anti‐, inflammatory cytokine ...
Source: American Journal of Transplantation - June 1, 2014 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: J. Rao, S. Yue, Y. Fu, J. Zhu, X. Wang, R. W. Busuttil, J. W. Kupiec‐Weglinski, L. Lu, Y. Zhai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Regulation of Heme Oxygenase 1 Expression by miR-27b With Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Regeneration in Rats
In this study, we studied the role of miR-27b in ASCs and their regenerative potential after partial liver resection in rats. ASCs transfected with control siRNA or miR-27b were intravenously injected into autologous rats undergoing 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). Our data showed that the regenerative capacities of ASCs with overexpressed miR-27b were significantly higher compared with control ASCs. However, the enhanced regeneration, hepatic differentiation, and suppressed liver inflammation, as well as fibrotic activity, were significantly reverted by ZnPP coadministration (heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1] inhibitor) indicating an ...
Source: Transplantation Proceedings - May 1, 2014 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: K.-D. Chen, L.-W. Hsu, S. Goto, K.-T. Huang, T. Nakano, W.-T. Weng, C.-Y. Lai, Y.-R. Kuo, K.-W. Chiu, C.-C. Wang, Y.-F. Cheng, C.-C. Lin, Y.-Y. Ma, C.-L. Chen Tags: Experimental Transplantation Source Type: research

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