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Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 4123: Recent Trends in Nanomedicine-Based Strategies to Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Tumors
lin Cancer is the leading cause of economic and health burden worldwide. The commonly used approaches for the treatment of cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Chemotherapy frequently results in undesirable side effects, and cancer cells may develop resistance. Combating drug resistance is a challenging task in cancer treatment. Drug resistance may be intrinsic or acquired and can be due to genetic factors, growth factors, the increased efflux of drugs, DNA repair, and the metabolism of xenobiotics. The strategies used to combat drug resistance include the nanomedicine-based targeted delivery of drugs an...
Source: Cancers - August 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Muhammad Muzamil Khan Vladimir P. Torchilin Tags: Review Source Type: research

NR4A2 Promotes DNA Double-strand Break Repair Upon Exposure to UVR
Exposure of melanocytes to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces the formation of UV lesions that can produce deleterious effects in genomic DNA. Encounters of replication forks with unrepaired UV lesions can lead to several complex phenomena, such as the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The NR4A family of nuclear receptors are transcription factors that have been associated with mediating DNA repair functions downstream of the MC1R signaling pathway in melanocytes. In particular, emerging evidence shows that upon DNA damage, the NR4A2 receptor can translocate to sites of UV lesion by mechanisms requiring post-t...
Source: Molecular Cancer Research - August 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yin, K., Chhabra, Y., Tropee, R., Lim, Y. C., Fane, M., Dray, E., Sturm, R. A., Smith, A. G. Tags: DNA Damage and Repair Source Type: research

TGF- β1 induces PGP9.5 expression in CAFs to promote the growth of colorectal cancer cells.
TGF-β1 induces PGP9.5 expression in CAFs to promote the growth of colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2016 Nov 09;: Authors: Wen W, Liu G, Jin K, Hu X Abstract Numerous studies indicate that the interaction between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumors is manifested in the entire process of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell development, in which TGF-β1 plays a key role and has a significant effect on promoting the activation of CAFs. However, there are few studies on the mechanisms involved in the activation of CAFs by TGF-β1 to produce an influence on tumor cells. TGF-β1 was added to CAFs for...
Source: Oncology Reports - November 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Challenges and opportunities for siRNA-based cancer treatment
• Distinct rules for chemical modification of siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide• Optimised research model leads to predictable bio-distribution pattern of siRNAs• Characterisation of endosomal escape aids future siRNA-based cancer treatment• Gene target selection - cancer stem cell critical genes and multiple gene targeting• Aappropriate research controls and 5'RACE assay ensure minimum off-target effect
Source: Cancer Letters - March 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tao Wang, Sarah Shigdar, Hadi AlShamaileh, Michael P. Gantier, Wang Yin, Dongxi Xiang, Lan Wang, Shu-Feng Zhou, Yingchun Hou, Peng Wang, Weihong Zhang, Chunwen Pu, Wei Duan Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research

Abstract 3294: Notch signaling is regulated by vacuolar ATPase in triple negative breast cancer
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) constitutes 15 % of all diagnosed breast cancers. It is more common among African American and younger women. TNBC cells do not express Estrogen, Progesterone and Her2 receptors. As a result, patients have limited treatment options. To effectively treat TNBC, it is important to identify and target specific signaling pathways that contribute to TNBC tumorigenesis. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved juxtacrine pathway that is important in normal mammary development and has been shown to play a role in TNBC progression. Although there has been considerable research on role of N...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pamarthy, S., Beaman, K. D. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research