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Human papillomavirus in the setting of immunodeficiency: Pathogenesis and the emergence of next-generation therapies to reduce the high associated cancer risk
Human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted virus infecting mucosal or cutaneous stratified epithelia, is implicated in the rising of associated cancers worldwide. While HPV infection can be cleared by an adequate immune response, immunocompromised individuals can develop persistent, treatment-refractory, and progressive disease. Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with HPV-related disease include inborn errors of GATA, EVER1/2, and CXCR4 mutations, resulting in defective cellular function. People living with secondary immunodeficiency (e.g. solid-organ transplants recipients of immunosuppression) an...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

siRNA-E6 sensitizes HPV-16-related cervical cancer through Oxaliplatin: an in vitro study on anti-cancer combination therapy
ConclusionInhibition of E6 oncogene expression and subsequent E6-siRNA with Oxaliplatin combination therapy could be a novel strategy for cervical cancer treatment.Graphical Abstract
Source: European Journal of Medical Research - January 21, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research

Inhibition of SMYD2 Sensitized Cisplatin to Resistant Cells in NSCLC Through Activating p53 Pathway
In conclusion, the present study elucidated that the activity of SMYD2 in NSCLC may affect the cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, especially to CDDP. The elevated SMYD2 mediated CDDP resistance and malignant phenotype in NSCLC, indicating that SMYD2 may be a useful biomarker of CDDP resistance in NSCLC. Inhibition of SMYD2 contributes to the methylation-related activation of p53 and thus results in cell apoptosis. Furthermore, combination treatment with CDDP and an SMYD2 inhibitor had a synergistically antitumor effects in a xenograft model in vivo. Given that SMYD2 has reversible effects and is a targetable prot...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 25, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Upregulation of MTA1 expression by human papillomavirus infection promotes CDDP resistance in cervical cancer cells via modulation of NF- κB/APOBEC3B cascade
ConclusionsThese findings reveal an obligatory coregulatory role of MTA1 in the indirect regulation of APOBEC3B expression via classical NF- κB pathway, and also suggest that inhibition of MTA1/NF-κB/APOBEC3B cascade may be repositioned to suppress cancer mutagenesis, dampen tumor evolution, and decrease the probability of adverse outcomes from CDDP resistance in CCa.
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - January 10, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Effect of HPV E6/E7 siRNA with Chemotherapeutic Agents on the Regulation of TP53/E2F Dynamic Behavior for Cell Fate Decisions.
Abstract Toxicity and resistance remain major challenges for advanced or recurrent cervical cancer therapies, as treatment requires high doses of chemotherapeutic agents. Restoration of TP53 and hypophosphorylated-retinoblastoma (pRB) proteins by human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 siRNA sensitizes HPV-positive cervical cancer cells toward chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of E6/E7 siRNA on the dynamic behavior of TP53 and RB/E2F signaling networks in deciding the cell fate. The synergistic effect of HPV E6/E7 siRNA pool (SP) with chemotherapeutic agents on TP53 and RB/E2F signali...
Source: Neoplasia - August 23, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rajasekaran N, Jung HS, Bae SH, Chelakkot C, Hong S, Choi JS, Yim DS, Oh YK, Choi YL, Shin YK Tags: Neoplasia Source Type: research

Enhanced Radiation Sensitivity in HPV+ Head and Neck Cancer
Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV+)–associated head and neck cancer (HNC) show significantly improved survival outcome compared with those with HPV-negative (HPV−) tumors. Published data examining this difference offers conflicting results to date. We systematically investigated the radiation sensitivity of all available validated HPV+ HNC cell lines and a series of HPV− HNC cell lines using in vitro and in vivo techniques. HPV+ HNCs exhibited greater intrinsic radiation sensitivity (average SF2 HPV−: 0.59 vs. HPV+: 0.22; P
Source: Cancer Research - July 31, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kimple, R. J., Smith, M. A., Blitzer, G. C., Torres, A. D., Martin, J. A., Yang, R. Z., Peet, C. R., Lorenz, L. D., Nickel, K. P., Klingelhutz, A. J., Lambert, P. F., Harari, P. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research