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Source: Hypertension
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Total 48 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract P179: miR-214 Reduces Termination Efficiencies of Alternative Transcriptional Termination Sites Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics
Alternative polyadenylation signals are genomic sites where transcription can be terminated, resulting in the production of transcripts often with shorter 3’ sequences. While it is clear that alternative transcriptional termination impacts the action of microRNAs, it is not known whether the reverse is true. We identified miR-214, a microRNA upregulated in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive rats, as a potent regulator of the use of alternative transcriptional termination sites. miR-214 targeted human and rat cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4 (CPSF4), a component of the CPSF complex that plays a key role ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Liu, Y., Yang, C., Liu, P., Liang, M. Tags: Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Source Type: research
Abstract P180: Dopamine D2 Receptors Regulate Wnt Signaling and Apoptosis in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Cells Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics
Previous work from our laboratory indicates that the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in the kidney has a direct role in regulating renal inflammation and injury and blood pressure. Some common single nucleotide polymorphisms (D2R SNPs; rs 6276, 6277, and 1800497) in the human DRD2 gene are associated with decreased D2R expression and function. Immortalized renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) from subjects carrying D2R SNPs (RPTC-D2R SNPs) express less D2Rs than RPTCs carrying no D2R SNPs (RPTC-D2R WT) (62±4 vs 100±6%; P<0.04) and a pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic phenotype with markers of epithelial mesenchym...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Han, F., Zhang, Y., Konkalmatt, P., Jones, J. E., Gildea, J., Felder, R. A., Jose, P. A., Armando, I. Tags: Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Source Type: research
Abstract 098: MicroRNA Regulation of NADPH Oxidase Mediates the Antioxidant Effect of Renal Paraoxonase 2 Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I
Increased renal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important in the pathogenesis of hypertension caused by absent or dysfunctional dopamine receptor subtype. Germline deletion of the dopamine 2 receptor in mice increases renal NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity and decreases expression paraoxonase 2 (PON2) and results in ROS-dependent hypertension. We determined if microRNA (miR) is involved in PON2-mediated regulation of NOX. Silencing PON2 in human renal proximal tubules cells decreased PON2 (-60±4%, n=3,*P<0.05) and increased NOX2 (110±15%, n=3,*P<0.05) and NOX4 (80±10%, n=3,*P<0.05) ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cuevas, S., Yang, Y., Asico, L. D., Jones, J., Armando, I., Jose, P. A. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I Source Type: research
Abstract P141: Cardiac TRH Partly Mediates Angiotensin II-induced Fibrotic and Hypertrophy Effects in "in vivo" and "in vitro" Models Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 1
Cardiac TRH (cTRH) is overexpressed in the hypertrophied ventricle (LV) of the SHR. Additionally in vivo siRNA-TRH treatment induced downregulation of LV-TRH preventing cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis demonstrating that TRH is involved in hypertrophic and fibrotic processes. Moreover, in a normal heart, the increase of LV TRH expression alone could induce structural changes where fibrosis and hypertrophy could be involved, independently of any other system alterations.Is well-known the cardiac hypertrophy/ fibrotic effects induced by AII, raising the question of whether specific LV cTRH inhibition might attenuates AII ind...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Garcia, S. I., Peres Diaz, L. S., Aisicovich, M., Schuman, M. L., Landa, M. S. Tags: Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 1 Source Type: research
Abstract P098: G-protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor Stimulates Capillary Formation by Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via ALK1-SMAD 1/5/8 Pathway Activation Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Estradiol (E2) induces vascular repair by promoting endothelial growth and capillary formation. Based on our previous findings that the capillary stimulating effects of E2 are mimicked by its non-permeable analog, BSA-tagged E2, we hypothesize that the stimulatory effects are potentially mediated via the newly discovered membrane bound G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). To investigate this, we assessed capillary formation by endothelial cells in response to E2, and GPER agonist (G1)and antagonist (G15) in a 2-D matrigel based assay. Capillary formation was assessed microscopically by quantifying junction/sprout fo...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Unterleutner, E., Rigassi, L., Barchiesi, F., Imthurn, B., Dubey, R. K. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research
Abstract 122: Activation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Enhances Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression via Promoter Antioxidant Response Element in Preglomerular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (PGVSMCs) Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II
In conclusion, these results show a novel role of Nrf2 in inducing COX2 expression through binding to promoter ARE in the absence of increased ROS in rat PGVSMCs.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Luo, Z., Welch, W. J., Wilcox, C. S. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II Source Type: research
Abstract P099: Angiotensin Type I Receptor (AT1R) and (Pro)renin Receptor (PRR) Functional Heterodimer Mediates ERK Phosphorylation Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Receptor dimerization was shown to enhance the receptor efficacy, trafficking and signal transduction. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) are expressed in the kidney. Studies demonstrated that these two receptors have some similarities in their signaling mechanisms and effects. In the present study we hypothesized that the AT1R and PRR form functional heterodimer to enhance cellular ERK phosphorylation. Using Immunoprecipitation technique, confocal immunofluorescence staining (IF), and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), we evaluated the presence of AT1R and PRR heterodimer in ra...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Quadri, S. S. A., Li, C., Culver, S., Siragy, H. M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research
Abstract 100: Sorting Nexin 1: Molecular Mechanisms and Pharmacogenomics Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I
Sorting nexin 1 (SNX1) plays a pivotal role for the normal activity of renal dopamine D5 receptor (D5R). Kidney-restricted, Snx1-siRNA depletion of SNX1 results in impaired natriuretic response to salt load and hypertension in mice. Genetic ablation of the Snx1 gene (Snx1-/-) resulted in increased oxidative stress, impaired sodium excretion, and elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP, 131.3±6.4 mm Hg, n=5) in mice. The D5R has antioxidant properties by negatively regulating the expression of the NADPH oxidase (NOX). We found that NOX1, NOX2, and p47phox, as well as the antioxidant PON2, conceivably as compensation, w...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yang, J., Asico, L., Beitelshees, A., Wang, X., Jones, J., Armando, I., Cuevas, S., Zeng, C., Felder, R., Weinman, E., Jose, P., Villar, V. A. M. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I Source Type: research
Abstract P192: Both Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Angiotensin II type 1 Receptors in the Subfornical Organ Mediate Angiotensin II Induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Brain Angiotensinergic Pathways Session Title: Neurogenic Mechanisms
Activation of angiotensinergic pathways and central aldosterone (aldo)-MR-ENaC-endogenous ouabain (EO)-AT1R pathway play a critical role in Ang II associated hypertension. The SFO contains both MR and AT1R and can relay the signals of circulating Ang II to downstream nuclei such as the PVN, SON and RVLM. We evaluated the effect of knockdown of MR and AT1R specific in the SFO on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in downstream nuclei. Wistar rats were intra SFO infused with AAV-MR- or AT1aR-siRNA and after 7 days received a sc infusion of Ang II at 500 ng/min/kg for 2 weeks. MR and AT1R expression were measured by rea...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, H.-W., White, R., Huang, B. S., Chen, A., Ahmad, M., Leenen, F. H. Tags: Session Title: Neurogenic Mechanisms Source Type: research
Abstract P194: A Novel Signalosome in the Alpha1a-Adrenergic Receptor and its Genetic Variant Signaling Pathway Session Title: Receptors and Signal Transduction/Vascular Biology and Stiffness
Conclusions: We present SPL/RGS2/β-arrestin as a novel signalosome responsible for α1aAR-247R genetic variant triggered hyperproliferation in different cardiovascular cells. We reveal that SPL regulates α1aAR signaling by differentially binding WT or 247R receptors and recruiting RGS2 protein to the receptor. These novel findings unravel critical roles of SPL and RGS2 in α1AR signaling, as well as identify SPL as a potential novel target for treatment of α1AR-mediated cardiovascular disorders.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Babaeva, E., Gradinaru, I., Schwinn, D. A., Oganesian, A. Tags: Session Title: Receptors and Signal Transduction/Vascular Biology and Stiffness Source Type: research
Abstract P086: Superoxide but Not Hydrogen Peroxide Increases Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor Sp3 and AT1 Receptor Expression in the Renal Cells Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Age-associated oxidative stress causes up-regulation of renal AT1 receptor function (AT1R) and hypertension in aging Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats. Here we studied the mechanism of up-regulation of renal AT1R, and further tested superoxide Vs hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) specificity in this phenomenon. We found that transcription factor Sp3 plasmid increased (Control vs Sp3: 0.1165 ± 0.01 vs 0.3810 ± 0.03) while Sp3 siRNA decreased (Control siRNA vs Sp3 siRNA: 1.11 ± 0.25 vs 0.64 ± 0.06) the levels of AT1 receptor protein in human kidney (HK2) cells. Whereas transcription factor NF-kB p-65 plasmid...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saleem, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research
Abstract P087: PDI via Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway Regulates Renal AT1 Receptors and Blood Pressure in Aging Rats Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Renal angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) plays pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). We recently reported that age-associated oxidative stress causes hyper-activation of AT1R and hypertension in the aging Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats. Our objective was to understand the mechanism of higher oxidative stress contributing to the impaired AT1R function in the aged FBNs. Nrf2 transcription factor protects kidney from oxidative stress by activating the transcription of diverse antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1) inhibit Nrf2 activity by sequestering Nrf2 in cytosol. W...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, X., Asghar, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research
Abstract P207: Role of (Pro)Renin Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Colon Cancer Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 2
(Pro)renin receptor ((P)RR) is a component of the Wnt receptor complex (Science, 2010). We have recently demonstrated that (P)RR plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (Shibayama et al. Sci Rep. 2015). Since the patients with colon cancer often show aberrantly activated Wnt/β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway by the mutations of its components, we investigated the possible role of (P)RR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in carcinogenesis of colon cancer. Real-time PCR was used for measuring mRNA levels of (P)R...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nishiyama, A., Wang, J., Yachida, S., Nguyen, G., Hirose, T., Shibayama, Y. Tags: Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 2 Source Type: research
Abstract P162: Nicotine via Cd36, Cox2 and Oxidative Stress Promotes Podocyte Injury: Link Between E-cigarettes and Renal Disease Progression? Session Title: Chronic Kidney and Renal
Conclusion: NIC activated in human POD a reciprocal interplay between NADPH oxidases and COX2 that increased O2- production, reduced Synpo and upregulated the B scavenger receptor CD36 that, via increased uptake of oxidized LDL, promoted podocyte apoptosis. We surmise that these novel findings implicate NIC as a risk factor for CVD and CKD progression.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raij, L., Tian, R., Zhou, M.-S. Tags: Session Title: Chronic Kidney and Renal Source Type: research
Abstract 116: Characterization of a Sodium Responsive Human Sodium Bicarbonate Transporter NBCe2 in Human Proximal Tubule Session Title: Concurrent XVIII B: Kidney and Hypertension II
The electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe2) is encoded by SLC4A5, variants of which have been associated with salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP), which affects 25% of the adult population. NBCe2 is thought to mediate sodium bicarbonate cotransport primarily in the renal collecting duct, but NBCe2 mRNA is also found in the rodent renal proximal tubule (RPT), another site of bicarbonate transport. The protein expression or function of NBCe2 has not been demonstrated in the human RPT. We validated an NBCe2 antibody by siRNA and Western blot, as well as overexpression of an epitope-tagged NBCe2 construct in ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gildea, J. J., Xu, P., Carlson, M., Gaglione, R. T., Bigler Wang, D., Kemp, B. A., Reyes, C. M., McGrath, H. E., Carey, R. M., Jose, P. A., Felder, R. A. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVIII B: Kidney and Hypertension II Source Type: research
