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Source: Hypertension
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Total 48 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract 068: Role for the Rho-GAP Graf3 in the Pathogenesis of Human Hypertension Session Title: Concurrent XIV B: Vascular Biology I
Activation of RhoA in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) has been linked to vasoconstrictor-induced hypertension (HTN), but the relevance of this pathway to human disease was undetermined. We identified GRAF3 as a RhoA-GAP expressed specifically in SMC in mice and humans and reported that global GRAF3-deficient mice exhibited significant basal HTN (+ 25 mm Hg) that was fully reversed by treatment with a Rho-kinase inhibitor (Nature Comm. 2013;4:2910). Importantly, we recently created a tamoxifen inducible SMC-GRAF3 re-expression model which resulted in a near complete reversal of MAP (from 123 mmHg to 95 mm Hg), indicating...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bai, X., Mangum, K., Mack, C., Taylor, J. M. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XIV B: Vascular Biology I Source Type: research
Abstract 098: MicroRNA Regulation of NADPH Oxidase Mediates the Antioxidant Effect of Renal Paraoxonase 2 Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I
Increased renal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important in the pathogenesis of hypertension caused by absent or dysfunctional dopamine receptor subtype. Germline deletion of the dopamine 2 receptor in mice increases renal NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity and decreases expression paraoxonase 2 (PON2) and results in ROS-dependent hypertension. We determined if microRNA (miR) is involved in PON2-mediated regulation of NOX. Silencing PON2 in human renal proximal tubules cells decreased PON2 (-60±4%, n=3,*P<0.05) and increased NOX2 (110±15%, n=3,*P<0.05) and NOX4 (80±10%, n=3,*P<0.05) ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cuevas, S., Yang, Y., Asico, L. D., Jones, J., Armando, I., Jose, P. A. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVI A: Oxidative Stress I Source Type: research
Abstract P098: G-protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor Stimulates Capillary Formation by Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via ALK1-SMAD 1/5/8 Pathway Activation Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Estradiol (E2) induces vascular repair by promoting endothelial growth and capillary formation. Based on our previous findings that the capillary stimulating effects of E2 are mimicked by its non-permeable analog, BSA-tagged E2, we hypothesize that the stimulatory effects are potentially mediated via the newly discovered membrane bound G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). To investigate this, we assessed capillary formation by endothelial cells in response to E2, and GPER agonist (G1)and antagonist (G15) in a 2-D matrigel based assay. Capillary formation was assessed microscopically by quantifying junction/sprout fo...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Unterleutner, E., Rigassi, L., Barchiesi, F., Imthurn, B., Dubey, R. K. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research
Abstract 116: Characterization of a Sodium Responsive Human Sodium Bicarbonate Transporter NBCe2 in Human Proximal Tubule Session Title: Concurrent XVIII B: Kidney and Hypertension II
The electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe2) is encoded by SLC4A5, variants of which have been associated with salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP), which affects 25% of the adult population. NBCe2 is thought to mediate sodium bicarbonate cotransport primarily in the renal collecting duct, but NBCe2 mRNA is also found in the rodent renal proximal tubule (RPT), another site of bicarbonate transport. The protein expression or function of NBCe2 has not been demonstrated in the human RPT. We validated an NBCe2 antibody by siRNA and Western blot, as well as overexpression of an epitope-tagged NBCe2 construct in ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gildea, J. J., Xu, P., Carlson, M., Gaglione, R. T., Bigler Wang, D., Kemp, B. A., Reyes, C. M., McGrath, H. E., Carey, R. M., Jose, P. A., Felder, R. A. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVIII B: Kidney and Hypertension II Source Type: research
Abstract P162: Nicotine via Cd36, Cox2 and Oxidative Stress Promotes Podocyte Injury: Link Between E-cigarettes and Renal Disease Progression? Session Title: Chronic Kidney and Renal
Conclusion: NIC activated in human POD a reciprocal interplay between NADPH oxidases and COX2 that increased O2- production, reduced Synpo and upregulated the B scavenger receptor CD36 that, via increased uptake of oxidized LDL, promoted podocyte apoptosis. We surmise that these novel findings implicate NIC as a risk factor for CVD and CKD progression.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raij, L., Tian, R., Zhou, M.-S. Tags: Session Title: Chronic Kidney and Renal Source Type: research
Abstract P179: miR-214 Reduces Termination Efficiencies of Alternative Transcriptional Termination Sites Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics
Alternative polyadenylation signals are genomic sites where transcription can be terminated, resulting in the production of transcripts often with shorter 3’ sequences. While it is clear that alternative transcriptional termination impacts the action of microRNAs, it is not known whether the reverse is true. We identified miR-214, a microRNA upregulated in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive rats, as a potent regulator of the use of alternative transcriptional termination sites. miR-214 targeted human and rat cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4 (CPSF4), a component of the CPSF complex that plays a key role ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Liu, Y., Yang, C., Liu, P., Liang, M. Tags: Session Title: Genetics, Epigenetics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Source Type: research
Abstract P194: A Novel Signalosome in the Alpha1a-Adrenergic Receptor and its Genetic Variant Signaling Pathway Session Title: Receptors and Signal Transduction/Vascular Biology and Stiffness
Conclusions: We present SPL/RGS2/β-arrestin as a novel signalosome responsible for α1aAR-247R genetic variant triggered hyperproliferation in different cardiovascular cells. We reveal that SPL regulates α1aAR signaling by differentially binding WT or 247R receptors and recruiting RGS2 protein to the receptor. These novel findings unravel critical roles of SPL and RGS2 in α1AR signaling, as well as identify SPL as a potential novel target for treatment of α1AR-mediated cardiovascular disorders.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Babaeva, E., Gradinaru, I., Schwinn, D. A., Oganesian, A. Tags: Session Title: Receptors and Signal Transduction/Vascular Biology and Stiffness Source Type: research
Abstract P207: Role of (Pro)Renin Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Colon Cancer Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 2
(Pro)renin receptor ((P)RR) is a component of the Wnt receptor complex (Science, 2010). We have recently demonstrated that (P)RR plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (Shibayama et al. Sci Rep. 2015). Since the patients with colon cancer often show aberrantly activated Wnt/β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway by the mutations of its components, we investigated the possible role of (P)RR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in carcinogenesis of colon cancer. Real-time PCR was used for measuring mRNA levels of (P)R...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nishiyama, A., Wang, J., Yachida, S., Nguyen, G., Hirose, T., Shibayama, Y. Tags: Session Title: Angiotensin Action and Signaling/Renin Angiotensin System 2 Source Type: research
Adipocyte (Pro)Renin-Receptor Deficiency Induces Lipodystrophy, Liver Steatosis and Increases Blood Pressure in Male Mice Prorenin Receptor
We report a unique model of adipocyte-PRR–deficient mice (PRRAdi/Y) with almost no detectable white adipose tissues. As a consequence, the livers of PRRAdi/Y mice were enlarged and demonstrated a marked accumulation of lipids. Adipocyte-specific deficiency of PRR increased systolic blood pressure and the concentration of soluble PRR in plasma. To determine whether adipocyte-PRR was involved in the development of obesity-induced hypertension, mice were fed a low-fat or a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Adipocyte-PRR–deficient mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity. Both high-fat– and low-fat–fed PRR...
Source: Hypertension - June 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wu, C.-H., Mohammadmoradi, S., Thompson, J., Su, W., Gong, M., Nguyen, G., Yiannikouris, F. Tags: ACE/Angiotensin Receptors/Renin Angiotensin System, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Prorenin Receptor Source Type: research
Mnk1 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Interacting Kinase 1) Deficiency Aggravates Cardiac Remodeling in MiceNovelty and Significance Heart
Identifying the key factor involved in cardiac remodeling is critically important for developing novel strategies to protect against heart failure. Here, the role of Mnk1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase–interacting kinase 1) in cardiac remodeling was clarified. Cardiac remodeling was induced by transverse aortic constriction in Mnk1-knockout mice and their wild-type control mice. After 4 weeks of transverse aortic constriction, Mnk1-knockout mice developed exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and showed increased ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2) activat...
Source: Hypertension - November 8, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yuan, Y., Yan, L., Wu, Q.-Q., Zhou, H., Jin, Y.-G., Bian, Z.-Y., Deng, W., Yang, Z., Shen, D.-F., Zeng, X.-F., Wang, S.-S., Li, H., Tang, Q.-Z. Tags: Hypertrophy, Remodeling Original Articles Source Type: research
Abstract 036: Regulation of sFlt-1 Splicing by U2AF and JMJD Session Title: Pregnancy and Preeclampsia
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational disorder defined by new-onset hypertension and maternal endothelial dysfunction. Though its origins are unclear, placental ischemia is thought to be the central cause. In response, the placenta releases pathogenic factors, such as the anti-angiogenic soluble form of the VEGF receptor Flt-1 (sFlt-1), into the maternal circulation. sFlt-1 is a soluble splice variant of the VEGF receptor Flt-1, acting as a VEGF sink in the circulation. The regulation of sFlt-1 splicing is not completely understood, but it is proposed that the splicing factor U2AF65 promotes splicing, while JMJD6 opposes it b...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Adrian C Eddy, Heather Chapman, Eric M George Tags: Oral Abstract Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract P120: Down Regulation of Add3 in Astrocytes Induces Pro-inflammatory and Fibrotic Factors and May Contribute to Alzheimer’S-related Dementias Session Title: Onsite Poster Competition I With Reception
We genetically mapped a mutation in Add3 in FHH rats that decreases Add3 expression in various tissues, including brain and cerebral vessels, and further decreases with age in comparison with FHH.1BN congenic rats in which Chr. 1 from BN rats containing 15 genes, including Add3, was transferred onto FHH genetic background. More recently, we demonstrated that Add3 dysfunction contributes to cerebral vascular impairments in FHH rats, and they exhibit BBB leakage and neurodegeneration after the development of hypertension. In addition, Aβ protein expression in the brain in FHH rats is increased as early as 8 weeks of age. Re...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Paige N Mims, Sheshank Shekhar, Shaoxun Wang, Olivia Travis, Fan Fan Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract 146: MicroRNA-216a Promotes M1 Macrophages Polarization Through the Activation of Telomerase Session Title: Developmental Programming and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Conclusions: Our data indicated that miR-216a promotes M1 macrophages polarization through the activation of telomerase and reduces collagen III in mice carotid lesions, and ultimately accelerates the development of atherosclerosis.
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shujun Yang, Jian Li, Yu Chen, Rutai Hui, Weili Zhang Tags: Oral Abstract Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract P216: Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase Regulates Mitochondrial Redox Balance and Endothelial Function in Response to Angiotensin II Session Title: Onsite Poster Competition I With Reception
Hypertension (HTN) involves increased peripheral resistance to blood flow mediated by changes in vascular tone. Endothelial dysfunction is an initiating step in HTN and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) is a critical enzyme in the regulation of mitochondrial NADPH levels and can impact mitochondrial redox status. We have demonstrated that the loss of NNT in C57Bl/6J mice is associated with a more severe hypertensive phenotype in response to Ang II characterized by mitochondrial and vascular dysfunction driven by vascular ROS pro...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matthew Vetkoetter, Shashanka Rao K N, Xinggui Shen, Sibile Pardue, David M Krzywanski Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract P218: Role of UCP2 on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Blood Pressure Regulation in the Renal Oxidative Stress-mediated Hypertension Associated With Dj-1 Depletion Session Title: Onsite Poster Competition I With Reception
In conclusion, deletion of DJ-1 leads to oxidative stress-induced hypertension associated with down-regulation of NO synthesis. UCP2 has protective properties against the development of MT dysfunction in MT oxidative stress conditions. However, excessive and chronic over expression of UCP2 could have deleterious consequences on BP regulation.
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Carmen De Miguel, William C Hamrick, Sudhar Jagarlamudi, Xiaobo Ma, Laureano Asico, Pedro Jose, Santiago Cuevas Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research
