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Source: Endocrinology

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Total 87 results found since Jan 2013.

TSH activates macrophage inflammation by G13 and G15-dependent pathways
This study investigated the G protein subtypes responsible for the pro-inflammatory effect of TSH on macrophages. qPCR showed that Gi2, Gi3, Gas, Gq, G11, G12, G13, G15 are abundantly expressed by macrophages. The contribution of different G-protein pathways to the pro-inflammatory effect was studied by the corresponding inhibitors or siRNA interference. While TSH-induced IκB phosphorylation was not inhibited by Gs inhibitor NF449, Gi inhibitor pertussis toxin, Gq or G11 siRNA, it was blocked by phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 or G15 siRNA interference. TSH-induced ERK and P38 phosphorylation was blocked by G13 but not G...
Source: Endocrinology - April 14, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chongbo Yang Zhao He Qunye Zhang Ming Lu Jiajun Zhao Wenbin Chen Ling Gao Source Type: research

Leptin promotes the osteoblastic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells from female mice by increasing RANKL expression.
Abstract Arterial calcification is a complex and active regulated process, which results from a process of osteoblastic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Leptin, the product of the ob gene, mainly regulates food intake and energy expenditure and recently has been considered correlated with the arterial calcification. However, the mechanisms of the effects of leptin on osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs are unknown. We used calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells (CVSMCs) as a model to investigate the relationship between leptin and the osteoblastic differentiation of CVSMCs and the signal...
Source: Endocrinology - November 18, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Liu GY, Liang QH, Cui RR, Liu Y, Wu SS, Shan PF, Yuan LQ, Liao EY Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Epithelial and stromal cells of bovine endometrium have roles in innate immunity and initiate inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopeptides in vitro via Toll-like receptors TLR2, TLR1 and TLR6.
Abstract Bacteria often infect the endometrium of cattle to cause endometritis, uterine disease and infertility. Lipopeptides are commonly found amongst bacteria and are detected by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) cell surface receptor TLR2 on immune cells. Heterodimers of TLR2 with TLR1 or TLR6 activate MAPK and NFκB intracellular signaling pathways to stimulate inflammatory responses. In the endometrium, epithelial and stromal cells are the first to encounter invading bacteria, so the present study explored whether endometrial cells can also mount inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopeptides via TLRs. The supe...
Source: Endocrinology - January 17, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Turner ML, Cronin JG, Healey GD, Sheldon IM Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Induction of PGF2α synthesis by cortisol through GR dependent induction of CBR1 in human amnion fibroblasts.
In conclusion, CBR1 may play a critical role in PGF2α synthesis in human amnion fibroblasts and cortisol promotes the conversion of PGE2 into PGF2α via GR-mediated induction of CBR1 in human amnion fibroblasts. This stimulatory effect of cortisol on CBR1 expression may explain at least in part the concurrent increases of cortisol and PGF2α in human amnion tissue with labor, and these findings may account for the increased production of PGF2α in the fetal membranes prior to the onset of labor. PMID: 24654784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrinology - March 21, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Guo C, Wang W, Liu C, Myatt L, Sun K Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Aldosterone's rapid, nongenomic effects are mediated by striatin: a modulator of aldosterone's effect on estrogen action.
In conclusion, our results indicate that striatin is a novel mediator for both aldosterone's and estrogen's rapid and nongenomic mechanisms of action on pERK and peNOS, respectively, thereby suggesting a unique level of interactions between the mineralocorticoid receptor and the estrogen receptor in the cardiovascular system. PMID: 24654783 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrinology - March 21, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Coutinho P, Vega C, Pojoga LH, Rivera A, Prado GN, Yao TM, Adler G, Torres-Grajales M, Maldonado ER, Ramos-Rivera A, Williams J, Williams G, Romero JR Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Advanced Glycation End Product 3 (AGE3) Suppresses the Mineralization of Mouse Stromal ST2 Cells and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Increasing TGF-β Expression and Secretion.
Abstract In diabetic patients, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) cause bone fragility because of deterioration of bone quality. We previously showed that AGEs suppressed the mineralization of mouse stromal ST2 cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is abundant in bone, and enhancement of its signal causes bone quality deterioration. However, whether TGF-β signaling is involved in the AGE-induced suppression of mineralization during the osteoblast lineage remains unknown. We therefore examined the roles of TGF-β in the AGE-induced suppression of mineralization of ST2 cells and human mesenchymal stem cell...
Source: Endocrinology - April 23, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Notsu M, Yamaguchi T, Okazaki K, Tanaka KI, Ogawa N, Kanazawa I, Sugimoto T Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Calcitriol prevents in vitro vascular smooth muscle cell mineralization by regulating Calcium-Sensing Receptor expression.
In conclusion, these findings suggest that nanomolar concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 induce a CaSR-dependent protection against VC. Both lower and higher concentrations are either ineffective or may even promote VC. Whether this also holds true in the clinical setting requires further study. PMID: 25763635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrinology - March 12, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Mary A, Hénaut L, Boudot C, Six I, Brazier M, Massy ZA, Drüeke TB, Kamel S, Mentaverri R Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Activity is Required for Rapid Stimulation of PI3K by Thyroxine in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.
Abstract Thyroid hormones (THs) exert a number of physiological effects on the cardiovascular system. Some of the nongenomic actions of 3,5,3`-triiodothyronine (T3) are achieved by cross-coupling of TH receptor (TR) to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase Akt (Akt) pathway. We observed that both T3 and thyroxine (T4) rapidly stimulated Akt phosphorylation and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activation, which resulted in cell migration, in a PI3K dependent manner in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We identified the expression of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (...
Source: Endocrinology - August 18, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Aoki T, Tsunekawa K, Araki O, Ogiwara T, Nara M, Sumino H, Kimura T, Murakami M Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Multiple Transduction Pathways Mediate Thyrotropin Receptor Signaling in Preosteoblast-Like Cells.
Abstract It has been shown that the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) couples to a number of different signaling pathways although the Gs-cAMP pathway has been considered primary. Herein we measured the effects of TSH on bone marker mRNA and protein expression in preosteoblast-like U2OS cells stably expressing TSHRs. We determined which signaling cascades are involved in the regulation of interleukin 11 (IL11), osteopontin (OPN), and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL). We demonstrated that TSH-induced upregulation of IL11 is primarily mediated via the Gs pathway as IL11 was upregulated by forskolin (FSK),...
Source: Endocrinology - March 7, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Boutin A, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The SMAD pathway is required for hepcidin response during endoplasmic reticulum stress.
In conclusion, our study indicates that hepcidin induction by ER stress involves the central regulatory SMAD1/5 pathway. PMID: 27483343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrinology - August 1, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Canali S, Vecchi C, Garuti C, Montosi G, Babitt JL, Pietrangelo A Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Induction of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 by hCG regulates Periovulatory Gene Expression and Plasmin Activity.
Abstract A key event during the process of ovulation is an increased proteolytic activity that aids in breakdown of the follicular wall to permit oocyte release. How the activity of these proteases is regulated is still not known. We hypothesize that Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 (TFPI2), a matrix-associated Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, plays a role in regulating proteolytic activity during the periovulatory period as in other tissues. TFPI2 is secreted into the extracellular matrix (ECM) where it is postulated to regulate physiological ECM remodeling. The expression profile of TFPI2 during the perio...
Source: Endocrinology - November 3, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Puttabyatappa M, Al-Alem LF, Zakerkish F, Rosewell KL, Brännström M, Curry TE Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

cGMP/PKG-I pathway-mediated GLUT1/4 regulation by NO (nitric oxide) in female rat granulosa cells.
The objective of the present study was to determine the cellular and molecular mechanism by which NO regulates GLUT expression and glucose uptake in granulosa cells. Our results indicated that NO increased GLUT1/GLUT4 expression and translocation in cells, as well as glucose uptake. These changes were accompanied by upregulation of cGMP level and PKG-I protein content. The results of siRNA analysis showed that knockdown of PKG-I significantly attenuated gene expression, translocation and glucose uptake. Moreover, the PKG-I inhibitor also blocked the above processes. Furthermore, NO induced CREB phosphorylation, and CREB si...
Source: Endocrinology - December 28, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tian Y, Heng D, Xu K, Liu W, Weng X, Hu X, Zhang C Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

STRA6 promotes thyroid carcinoma progression via activation of the ILK/AKT/mTOR axis in cells and female nude mice
CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates the critical roles of STRA6 contributing to TC progression via the ILK/AKT/mTOR axis, which may provide a novel prognostic marker as well as a promising therapeutic target for aggressive TC.PMID:36592123 | DOI:10.1210/endocr/bqac215
Source: Endocrinology - January 2, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Weiman He Zhen Cheng Zijun Huo Bo Lin Xuejie Wang Yijia Sun Shuang Yu Siting Cao Junyu Xue Rengyun Liu Weiming Lv Yanbing Li Shubin Hong Haipeng Xiao Source Type: research