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Source: Experimental Cell Research

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

Sulfiredoxin involved in the protection of peroxiredoxins against hyperoxidation in the early hyperglycaemia.
Abstract As a direct consequence of hyperglycaemia, the excessive generation of ROS is central to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesize that stimulation of high glucose (HG) results in an increased sulfiredoxin (Srx) expression, which regulates ROS signaling through reducing the hyperoxidized peroxiredoxins (Prxs). We show that hyperoxidized Prxs were initially reduced in the preliminary stage but then dramatically increased in advanced stage and these changes corresponded to a significant increase of Srx expression in the heart of diabetic rats. These time-dependent changes were also confirm...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 11, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Shi S, Guo Y, Lou Y, Li Q, Cai X, Zhong X, Li H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Human CLEC16A regulates autophagy through modulating mTOR activity.
Abstract CLEC16A is genetically linked with multiple autoimmune disorders but its functional relevance in autoimmunity remains obscure. Recent evidence has signposted the emerging role of autophagy in autoimmune disease development. Here, by ectopic expression and siRNA silencing, we show that CLEC16A has an inhibitory role in starvation-induced autophagy in human cells. Combining quantitative proteomics and immunoblotting analyses, we found that CLEC16A likely regulates autophagy by activating mTOR pathway. Overexpression of CLEC16A was found to sensitize cells towards the availability of nutrients, resulting in ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 17, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Tam RC, Li MW, Gao YP, Pang YT, Yan S, Ge W, Lau CS, Chan VS Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Hedgehog signaling contributes to basic fibroblast growth factor-regulated fibroblast migration.
Abstract Fibroblast migration is a central process in skin wound healing, which requires the coordination of several types of growth factors. bFGF, a well-known fibroblast growth factor (FGF), is able to accelerate fibroblast migration; however, the underlying mechanism of bFGF regulation fibroblast migration remains unclear. Through the RNA-seq analysis, we had identified that the hedgehog (Hh) canonical pathway genes including Smoothened (Smo) and Gli1, were regulated by bFGF. Further analysis revealed that activation of the Hh pathway via up-regulation of Smo promoted fibroblast migration, invasion, and skin wo...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhu ZX, Sun CC, Ting Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wang T, Chi LS, Cai WH, Zheng JY, Zhou X, Cong WT, Li XK, Jin LT Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Integrin signaling potentiates transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- β1) dependent down-regulation of E-Cadherin expression - important implications for Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Integrin signaling potentiates transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) dependent down-regulation of E-Cadherin expression - important implications for Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Exp Cell Res. 2017 Mar 28;: Authors: Feldkoren B, Hutchinson R, Rapaport Y, Mahajan A, Margulis V Abstract Signal transduction through the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway affects epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), partly by modulation of E-Cadherin expression. The concurrent impact of extracellular matrix driven regulation of integrin signaling on EMT ha...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Feldkoren B, Hutchinson R, Rapaport Y, Mahajan A, Margulis V Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Involvement of PUMA in pericyte migration induced by methamphetamine.
This study has demonstrated that methamphetamine-mediated pericytes migration involves PUMA up-regulation. Thus, targeted studies of PUMA could provide insights to facilitate the development of a potential therapeutic approach for alleviation of methamphetamine-induced pericyte migration. PMID: 28408317 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 10, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Chao J, Hu G, Chen X, Yao H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Salinomycin acts through reducing AKT-dependent thymidylate synthase expression to enhance erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cells.
In this study, we showed that erlotinib (1.25 - 10μM) treatment down-regulating of TS expression in an AKT inactivation manner in two NSCLC cell lines, human lung squamous cell carcinoma H1703 and adenocarcinoma H1975 cells. Knockdown of TS using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibiting AKT activity with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 enhanced the cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition of erlotinib. A combination of erlotinib and salinomycin resulted in synergistic enhancement of cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition in NSCLC cells, accompanied with reduced protein levels of phospho-AKT(Ser473), phospho-AKT(Thr308), and TS...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 25, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Tung CL, Chen JC, Wu CH, Peng YS, Chen WC, Zheng HY, Jian YJ, Wei CL, Cheng YT, Lin YW Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

SIRT6 inhibits TNF- α-induced inflammation of vascular adventitial fibroblasts through ROS and Akt signaling pathway.
This study aims to investigate the role of SIRT6 in vascular inflammation and it molecular mechanism. We found that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) did not alter the localization of SIRT6 in vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs), vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The expression of SIRT1, SIRT6 was decreased in TNF-α-treated VAFs. In contrast, TNF-α significantly increased the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin (IL) -6. Knockdown of SIRT1 and SIRT6 by siRNA significantly enhanced TNF-α-induced expression of MCP-1 and IL-6, respectively. Overe...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - May 4, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: He Y, Xiao Y, Yang X, Li Y, Wang B, Yao F, Shang C, Jin Z, Wang W, Lin R Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

NLRP3 participates in the regulation of EMT in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
In this study, we transfected NLRP3 siRNA into A549 and RLE-6TN cells and treated them with bleomycin (BLM) for 24h. Then, we detected the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, EMT-related proteins and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) via western blotting, immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative PCR. The mRNA and protein level of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 increased after treatment with BLM. The IL-1β levels were significantly decreased after inhibition of NLRP3 and caspase-1. E-cadherin expression increased and α-SMA was reduced in the BLM group when inhibited by NLRP3. The level of TGF-β1 was ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 4, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Tian R, Zhu Y, Yao J, Meng X, Wang J, Xie H, Wang R Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Cytochrome b561, Copper, β-Cleaved Amyloid Precursor Protein and Niemann-Pick C1 Protein are Involved in Ascorbate-Induced Release and Membrane Penetration of Heparan Sulfate from Endosomal S-Nitrosylated Glypican-1.
Abstract Ascorbate-induced release of heparan sulfate from S-nitrosylated heparan sulfate proteoglycan glypican-1 takes place in endosomes. Heparan sulfate penetrates the membrane and is transported to the nucleus. This process is dependent on copper and on expression and processing of the amyloid precursor protein. It remains unclear how exogenously supplied ascorbate can generate HS-anMan in endosomes and how passage through the membrane is facilitated. Here we have examined wild-type, Alzheimer Tg2576 and amyloid precursor protein (-/-) mouse fibroblasts and human fetal and Niemann-Pick C1 fibroblasts by using ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - September 9, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Cheng F, Fransson LÅ, Mani K Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, facilitates osteogenic proliferation and differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2, and cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathways involving β-catenin.
Abstract Previous studies have proven that Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor agonist exert favorable anabolic effects on skeletal metabolism. However, whether GLP-1could directly impact osteoblast-mediated bone forming is still controversial, and the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Thus in this paper, we investigated the effects of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, on murine MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts proliferation and differentiation and explored the potential cellular basis. Our study confirmed the presence of GLP-1R in MC3T3-E1, and demonstrate...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - September 14, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu X, Li S, Xue P, Li Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

MicroRNA-140-5p attenuated oxidative stress in Cisplatin induced Acute Kidney Injury by activating Nrf2/ARE pathway through a Keap1-independent mechanism.
Abstract Oxidative stress was predominantly involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Recent studies had reported the protective role of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) against oxidative stress. Hence, we investigated the levels of miR140-5p and its functional role in the pathogenesis of Cisplatin induced AKI. A mice Cisplatin induced-AKI model was established. We found that miR-140-5p expression was markedly increased in mice kidney. Bioinformatics analysis revealed nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) was a potential target of miR-140-5p, We demonstrated that miR-140-5p did not affect Ke...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - September 16, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Liao W, Fu Z, Zou Y, Wen D, Ma H, Zhou F, Chen Y, Zhang M, Zhang W Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

The crosstalk between Sirt1 and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative pathway forms a positive feedback loop to inhibit FN and TGF- β1 expressions in rat glomerular mesangial cells.
In conclusion, the current study basically demonstrated that the crosstalk between Sirt1 and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative pathway forms a positive feedback loop to inhibit the protein expressions of FN and TGF-β1 in AGEs-treated GMCs. PMID: 28986066 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - October 3, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Huang K, Gao X, Wei W Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Osteopontin promotes Collagen I Synthesis in Hepatic Stellate Cells by miRNA-129-5p Inhibition.
Abstract Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an essential event in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. HSCs are believed to be the major source of collagen-producing myofibroblasts in fibrotic livers. A key feature in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis is fibrillar Collagen I (Col 1) deposition. Osteopontin (OPN), an extracellular matrix (ECM) cytokine expressed in HSCs, could drive fibrogenesis by modulating the HSC pro-fibrogenic phenotype and Col 1 expression. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of OPN regulating the activation of HSCs. Our results showed that hepatic ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen Y, Ou Y, Dong J, Yang G, Zeng Z, Liu Y, Liu B, Li W, He X, Lan T Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

hnRNP A1 promotes keratinocyte cell survival post UVB radiation through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
In this study, silencing hnRNP A1 expression by siRNA transfection led to decreased cell survival after UVB treatment, while promoting hnRNP A1 by lentiviruse vector resulted in increased cell survival. hnRNP A1 remarkably enhanced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and P70S6 protein. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling by LY294002 suppressed the expression of hnRNP A1. While mTOR signaling inhibitors, rapamycin and AZD8055, did not influence hnRNP A1 expression in HaCaT cells, suggesting that hnRNP A1 may be an upstream mediator of mTOR signaling. Furthermore, hnRNP A1 could alleviate ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Feng J, Liao Y, Xu X, Yi Q, He L, Tang L Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Potential role of MG53 in the regulation of transforming-growth-factor- β1-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that MG53 was expressed in human atrium, and may be a potential upstream of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in human atrium and rat atrial fibroblasts. This suggests that MG53 is a potential regulator of atrial fibrosis induced by the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in patients with AF. PMID: 29233682 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Guo J, Jia F, Jiang Y, Li Q, Yang Y, Xiao M, Xiao H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research