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13cRA regulates the differentiation of antler chondrocytes through targeting Runx3.
Abstract Although 13cRA is involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation, its physiological roles in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation still remain unknown. Here we showed that 13cRA could induce the proliferation of sika deer antler chondrocytes and expression of Ccnd3 and Cdk6. Administration of 13cRA to antler chondrocytes resulted in an obvious increase in the expression of chondrocyte marker Col II and hypertrophic chondrocyte marker Col X. Silencing of Crabp2 expression by specific siRNA could prevent the 13cRA-induced up-regulation of Col X, whereas overexpression of C...
Source: Cell Biology International - January 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang HL, Cao H, Yang ZQ, Geng S, Wang K, Yu HF, Guo B, Yue ZP Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

The effect of glutamate on ghrelin release in mice.
Abstract Ghrelin is abundantly produced in the stomach. Here, we found that glutamate decreased ghrelin expression and release in ghrelin-producing cells, and decreased levels of food intake and plasma acyl-ghrelin in mice. Treatment with siRNA of G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member B (GPRC5B) in ghrelin-producing cell lines completely blocked the effect of glutamate-induced ghrelin suppression. In addition, glutamate inhibited ghrelin release via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity pathway, and stimulated CREB2 mRNA expression in ghrelin-producing cell lines. These results s...
Source: Cell Biology International - January 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chacrabati R, Gong Z, Ikenoya C, Kondo D, Zigman JM, Sakai T, Sakata I Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TNFR1 and TNFR2 differentially mediate TNF- α-induced inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
TNFR1 and TNFR2 differentially mediate TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Biol Int. 2017 Feb 02;: Authors: Zhang H, Xiao W Abstract TNF-α has long been implicated in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, how the receptors of TNF-α, namely TNFR1 and TNFR2, mediate TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in RA has not been elucidated. In the present study, primary FLS cells were isolated from RA patients and treated with TNF-α in vitro. The exogenous TNF-α induced the expression and rel...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang H, Xiao W Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TET1 promotes cisplatin-resistance via demethylating the vimentin promoter in ovarian cancer.
Abstract The development of chemo-resistance impairs the outcome of the first line platinum-based chemotherapies for ovarian cancer. Deregulation of DNA methylation/demethylation provides a critical mechanism for the occurrence of chemo-resistance. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases including TET1/2/3 plays an important part in DNA demethylation, but their roles in cisplatin resistance have not been elucidated. Using cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell models, we found that TET1 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells compared with that in ...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Han X, Zhou Y, You Y, Lu J, Wang L, Hou H, Li J, Chen W, Zhao L, Li X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

NDRG1 is important to maintain the integrity of airway epithelial barrier through claudin-9 expression.
Abstract Impairment of epithelial barrier integrity caused by environmental triggers is associated with the pathogenesis of airway inflammation. Using human airway epithelial cells, we attempted to identify molecule(s) that promote airway epithelial barrier integrity. Microarray analyses were conducted using the Affimetrix human whole genome gene chip, and we identified the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) gene, which was induced during the development of the epithelial cell barrier. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong NDRG1 expression in ciliated epithelial cells in nasal tissues sampled from pa...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 12, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Gon Y, Maruoka S, Kishi H, Kozu Y, Kazumichi K, Nomura Y, Takeshita I, Oshima T, Hashimoto S Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Geniposide protects pancreatic β cells from high glucose-mediated injury by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase.
Abstract Our previous works indicated that geniposide could regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and improved chronic high glucose-induced dysfunctions in pancreatic β cells, but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of 5 -AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in high glucose induced cell injury and explored the associated molecular mechanisms in rat INS-1 pancreatic β cells. Data suggested that geniposide obviously prevented the cell damage induced by high (25 mM) glucose in INS-1 cells, which increased the protein levels of cell apoptos...
Source: Cell Biology International - February 27, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu C, Cui Y, Hao S, Yin F, Zhang Y, Liu J Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

MicroRNA-488-3p sensitizes malignant melanoma cells to cisplatin by targeting PRKDC.
In this study, we demonstrated that miR-488-3p is significantly down regulated in MM clinical specimens and cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-488-3p resulted in markedly increased drug sensitivity of MM cells in vitro and in vivo. The DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide (PRKDC), which encodes DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), was identified as a direct target of miR-488-3p using luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses. PRKDC knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) alone promoted sensitivity of MM cells to cisplatin (DDP) while overexpression of PRKDC partially resc...
Source: Cell Biology International - March 22, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Li N, Ma Y, Ma L, Guan Y, Ma L, Yang D Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

High glucose and free fatty acids induce endothelial progenitor cell senescence via PGC-1 α/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
The objective of the research was to investigate the function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the conditions of high glucose and lipids, which has been widely used to mimic the metabolic disorder that occurs in type 2 diabetic mellitus, and further to verify the role of PGC-1α and SIRT1, cellular energy metabolism regulators, in the process of senescence of EPCs with these combined stimuli. Circulating EPCs were incubated in absence or presence of high glucose (25 mM), FFA (200 μM) or both. EPCs senescence was assessed by β-galactosidase staining, EPCs telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat ampli...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 7, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Song X, Yang B, Qiu F, Jia M, Fu G Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

The anti-proliferation effects of oleanolic acid on A7r5 cells -role of UCP2 and downstream FGF-2/p53/TSP-1.
In conclusion, OA inhibits ox-LDL-induced VSMC proliferation in A7r5 cells, the mechanism involves the changes in UCP-2/FGF-2/p53/TSP-1. PMID: 28792088 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Biology International - August 9, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Han Y, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Li W, Geng M, Han Z, Chen X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Lactoferrin induces tropoelastin expression by activating the lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in human dermal fibroblasts.
Abstract Dermal fibroblasts generate the extracellular matrix component elastin, which is synthesized as tropoelastin (TE) and play a critical role in maintaining skin elasticity. Lactoferrin (Lf), an 80-kDa iron-binding glycoprotein, has biological functions such as antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and anticancer activities. We previously reported that bovine Lf increases TE mRNA expression in human dermal fibroblasts. However, it remains unclear how Lf up-regulates TE expression. Here, we investigated molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. Lf promoted the phosphorylation of Akt1 and extracellular signal-re...
Source: Cell Biology International - August 18, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Ryu M, Nogami A, Kitakaze T, Harada N, Suzuki YA, Yamaji R Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

A Role for the Non-receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK1 in TNF-alpha-mediated Apoptosis and Proliferation in Human Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that ACK1 plays an important role in modulating TNF-alpha-induced aberrant cell proliferation and apoptosis, mediated in part by ACK1 activation. ACK1 and its down-stream effectors may hold promise as therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers, in particular, those induced by chronic intestinal inflammation. PMID: 28921811 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Biology International - September 16, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhao X, Lv C, Chen S, Zhi F Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

GPR120 is not required for ω-3 PUFAs-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
Abstract Intake of ω-3 PUFAs reduces the frequency of breast cancer, and GPR120 receptor transduces ω-3 PUFAs signaling to increase insulin sensitivity in mice, but whether GPR120 mediates ω-3 PUFAs signaling to inhibit breast carcinogenesis is currently unknown. In the present study, we found that GPR120 is highly expressed in human breast cancerous tissues but not adjacent normal tissue. Knockdown of GPR120 by siRNA in breast cancer cells significantly reduced cell growth, and dramatically increased ω-3 FFA-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Thus, these observations indicated that GPR120 promotes ...
Source: Cell Biology International - October 5, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhu S, Jiang X, Jiang S, Lin G, Gong J, Chen W, He Z, Chen YQ Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Knockdown of CPEB4 expression suppresses cell migration and invasion via Akt pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.
In this study, we investigated the metastasis role of CPEB4 in NSCLC cells, we knocked down CPEB4 using siRNA. Transwell migration assay and cell invasion assay on Matrigel were presented, and cell migration was also determined by scratch-healing assay. ROS generation were determined by fluorescence probe DCFH2-DA. The protein expression was assessed by ELISA and western blot analysis. LY294002 were used to inhibit PI3K/Akt signaling. The data showed that knockdown of CPEB4 inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC. Moreover, silencing of CPEB4 reduced Snail and MMP-3 expression in vitro. We also indicated that CPEB4 k...
Source: Cell Biology International - December 29, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Hu J, Zhang L, Chen Q, Lin J, Wang S, Liu R, Zhang W, Miao K, Shou T Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TRPC3 overexpression and intervention in airway smooth muscle of ovalbumin-induced hyperresponsiveness and remodeling.
Abstract Transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 (TRPC3) proteins function as non-voltage-gated Ca2+ -permeable channels and play divergent roles in many processes of pathophysiology. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between TRPC3 expression and airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic Kunming mice. Mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin to establish asthmatic model. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, hydroxyproline assay and isometric tracheal ring force measurement were used to evaluate airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic m...
Source: Cell Biology International - April 6, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Xu BM, Zhang JH, Wang JL, Xiao JH Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

TREM2 inhibits inflammatory responses in mouse microglia by suppressing the PI3K/NF- κB signaling.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM2) on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in BV2 microglia. TREM2 expression or TREM2-specific siRNA were used to induce TREM2 overexpression or silencing. The BV2 cells were pre-treated with the PI3K inhibitor of LY294002 for1 h and stimulated with LPS for 24 h. Then, the cell viability, apoptosis, phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cytokine production, as well as the activation of AKT and NF-kB were determined, respectively. We found L...
Source: Cell Biology International - April 16, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Li C, Zhao B, Lin C, Gong Z, An X Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

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