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RSV Promotes Epithelial Neuroendocrine Phenotype Differentiation through NODAL Signaling Pathway
CONCLUSION: RSV promotes epithelial neuroendocrine phenotypes through the NODAL signaling pathway.PMID:34541002 | PMC:PMC8445725 | DOI:10.1155/2021/9956078
Source: Biomed Res - September 20, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Dan Liu Zhongxiang Tang Kezi Qiu Ousman Bajinka Lili Wang Ling Qin Yurong Tan Source Type: research

β-Arrestin2 regulates the rapid component of delayed rectifier K+ currents and cardiac action potential of guinea pig cardiomyocytes after adrenergic stimulation.
This study investigated the role of β-arrestin2 in the regulation of cardiac hERG/IKr potassium channel and AP during chronic adrenergic stimulation. Single left ventricular myocytes were isolated from guinea pig heart, and were transfected with adenovirus encoding β-arrestin2, or β-arrestin2 siRNA or an empty adenovirus. Cell cultures containing 10 nM isoproterenol, 1 nM phenylephrine or vehicle alone (control medium) were electro-physiologically examined after 48 h of incubation. Action potential duration at 50 and 90 % of repolarization (APD50 and APD90) were measured using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. Sustained...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology - December 29, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) Source Type: research

Why Do Birds Flock? A Role for Opioids in the Reinforcement of Gregarious Social Interactions
Conclusion We propose that studies of songbirds reveal a novel network model for the integration of positive and negative reinforcement processes in non-sexual affiliative social behavior. Most studies on affiliative behavior focus on the positive affective state induced by social contact that rewards individuals interacting together. However, this review highlights that in social animals, affiliative contact is also reinforced because it reduces a negative affective state caused by social exclusion or isolation, thus creating a complementary system (i.e., positive reinforcement from affiliative interactions and negative ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research