• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Salidroside attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via AMPK-induced suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fission
In this study, we established a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model. Rat hearts exposed to Sal with or without compound C were then subjected to I/R. Further, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SIR) by hypoxia-reoxygenation. The rats and cardiomyocytes were pretreated with Sal, followed by Compound C and AMPK-siRNA to block AMPK activity. We found that Sal significantly ameliorated cardiac function, mitigated infarct size and serum content of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, improved mitochondrial function, and reduced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Furthermore...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - June 6, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Xin Tian Ye Huang Xiaofeng Zhang Rong Fang Yi Feng Wanfang Zhang Ling Li Tian Li Source Type: research

Melatonin alleviates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by regulating YAP expression
In this study, we established a Dox-induced cardiotoxicity model in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, zebrafish, and SD rats to explore the mechanism by which Mel alleviates Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that Dox significantly decreased the viability of H9c2 cells, induced apoptosis, myocardial injury, and effectively up-regulated the expression of p-YAP but down-regulated the expression of YAP. Furthermore, we found that Dox significantly up-regulated the expression of ferroptosis-associated protein ACSL4 and down-regulated expression of GPX4. Interestingly, these effects of Dox were reversed foll...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - January 30, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Xiao Sun Ping Sun Dong Zhen Xiangli Xu Li Yang Danni Fu Chengxi Wei Xiaofeng Niu Jiawei Tian Hairu Li Source Type: research

Palmitate impairs the autophagic flux to induce p62-dependent apoptosis through the upregulation of CYLD in NRCMs
Toxicology. 2021 Nov 10:153032. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153032. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe most abundant saturated free fatty acid such as palmitate (PA), can accumulate in cardiomyocytes and induce lipotoxicity. CYLD is a known regulator in the development of cardiovascular disease and an important mediator of apoptosis. The role of CYLD in PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is not completely known. Here, we showed that PA treatment resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent effect on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) apoptosis. PA impaired autophagy by significantly increasing the expression levels of LC3-I...
Source: Toxicology - November 14, 2021 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yahong Yuan Chunfang Zhou Xingrong Guo Yan Ding Shinan Ma Xuewen Gong Hongkuan Jiang Yunfen Wang Xiaoli Wang Source Type: research

Carnosol alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis through targeting of PRDX3
In conclusion, CAR suppressed lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte apoptosis by activating PRDX3, mitigating the progression of NAFLD, and thus, CAR may represent a promising candidate for clinical treatment of steatosis.PMID:34678374 | DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2021.115758
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - October 22, 2021 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yunfei Geng Yue Wang Ruimin Sun Xiaohui Kang Huanyu Zhao Meiyang Zhu Yu Sun Yan Hu Zhecheng Wang Xiaofeng Tian Yan Zhao Jihong Yao Source Type: research

The LRP6 functional mutation rs2302685 contributes to individual susceptibility to alcoholic liver injury related to the Wnt/ β-catenin-TCF1-CYP2E1 signaling pathway.
The LRP6 functional mutation rs2302685 contributes to individual susceptibility to alcoholic liver injury related to the Wnt/β-catenin-TCF1-CYP2E1 signaling pathway. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Apr 11;: Authors: Xu Y, Chen D, Lin XX, Zhao Q, Guo J, Chen LJ, Zhang W, Xiao J, Lian GH, Peng SF, Guo D, Yang H, Obianom O, Shu Y, Chen Y Abstract Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is an important coreceptor in the Wnt/β-catenin upstream signaling pathway. Rs2302685 is a common functional mutation of LRP6 that has been previously associated with reduced alcoholic liver injury among alcoholicÂ...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - April 10, 2019 Category: Toxicology Authors: Xu Y, Chen D, Lin XX, Zhao Q, Guo J, Chen LJ, Zhang W, Xiao J, Lian GH, Peng SF, Guo D, Yang H, Obianom O, Shu Y, Chen Y Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research

Melatonin antagonizes oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal pigmented epithelium cells via melatonin receptor 1 (MT1).
Authors: Yan G, Yu L, Jiang S, Zhu J Abstract High energy-consumption in retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells poses oxidative stress (OS) and contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) for retinal degeneration-associated diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the protective role of Melatonin, a natural antioxidant, against the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced damage to RPE cells. The cellular viability, apoptosis, the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and mitochondrial function were examined in the retinal ARPE-19 cells, post the treatment with H2O2 or (and) with Melatonin. The regulation by ...
Source: Journal of Toxicological Sciences - November 9, 2018 Category: Toxicology Tags: J Toxicol Sci Source Type: research

PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy play a protective role in manganese induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Mn may induce PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, which may exert significant neuro-protective effect against Mn-induced dopaminergic neuronal cells apoptosis. PMID: 27091500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology in Vitro - April 14, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhang HT, Mi L, Wang T, Yuan L, Li XH, Dong LS, Zhao P, Fu JL, Yao BY, Zhou ZC Tags: Toxicol In Vitro Source Type: research

Curcumin analogue 1, 5-Bis (2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one exhibit enhanced ability on Nrf2 activation and protection against acrolein-induced ARPE-19 cell toxicity.
Abstract Curcumin, a phytochemical agent in the spice turmeric, has received increasing attention for its anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, application of curcumin have been limited due to its insolubility in water and poor bioavailability both clinically and experimentally. In addition, the protective effects and mechanisms of curcumin in eye diseases have been poorly studied. In the present study, we synthesized a curcumin analogue, 1, 5-Bis (2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one (C3), which displayed improved protective effect against acrolein-induced toxicity in a human...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - August 13, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Li Y, Zou X, Cao K, Xu J, Yue T, Dai F, Zhou B, Lu W, Feng Z, Liu J Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research