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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 1631 results found since Jan 2013.

Models, theoretical design and formal evaluation of integrated specialist community health service provision for the first 2000 days: a scoping review
Conclusions Services providing integrated care for families in the early years will ideally be based on values generated through codesign with families and the community. Considerations include sound governance and leadership, shared vision, and commitment to providing accessible and culturally safe family-centred care.
Source: BMJ Open - May 24, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nelson, H. J., Angus, B., Munns, A., Ong, S., Burns, S. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research

Achieving a tobacco-free Bangladesh by 2040: a qualitative analysis of the tobacco advertising environment and prohibitions in Bangladesh
Conclusion This study highlights the role of tobacco control advocates as crucial in TAPS policy-making, monitoring and enforcement in LMICs, and identifies good practices for the sustainability of tobacco control programmes. However, it also points out that tobacco industry interference, coupled with increasing pressure on advocates and legislators, may block progress in tobacco endgame approaches.
Source: BMJ Open - May 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Tselengidis, A., Adams, S., Freeman, B., Alam, S. M., Astuti, P. A. S., Cranwell, J. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research

Improving skin health of community-dwelling older people: a scoping review protocol
Introduction Ageing is accompanied by an age-related decrease in mobility or cognitive and sensory functions; in addition, physiological changes in the skin occur with age. Therefore, the skin requires appropriate care and observation in order to prevent or manage a variety of dermatological diseases and conditions, and to prevent or minimise effects on the quality of life. Globally, most older people live at home, and the need to establish sustainable structures and processes to support and to care for people at home for as long as possible has been emphasised. The body of evidence supporting screening, diagnosis and mana...
Source: BMJ Open - May 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kottner, J., Fastner, A., Lintzeri, D.-A., Griffiths, C. E. M., Blume-Peytavi, U. Tags: Open access, Dermatology Source Type: research

Evidence-based practice models and frameworks in the healthcare setting: a scoping review
Conclusion Many EBP models and frameworks currently exist that provide diverse instructions on the best way to use EBP. However, the inclusion of patient values and preferences needs to be better integrated into EBP models and frameworks. Also, the issues of EBP expertise and knowledge to assess evidence must be considered when choosing a model or framework.
Source: BMJ Open - May 22, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Dusin, J., Melanson, A., Mische-Lawson, L. Tags: Open access, Evidence based practice Source Type: research

Does knowledge have a half-life? An observational study analyzing the use of older citations in medical and scientific publications
Conclusions This study found evidence of a small increase in the citation of older research in medical and scientific literature over the past decade. This phenomenon deserves further characterisation and scrutiny to ensure that ‘old knowledge’ is not being lost.
Source: BMJ Open - May 22, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Chow, N. L. Y., Tateishi, N., Goldhar, A., Zaheer, R., Redelmeier, D. A., Cheung, A. H., Schaffer, A., Sinyor, M. Tags: Open access, Medical publishing and peer review Source Type: research

Effect of physical activity on coronary heart disease risk factors among firefighters: a scoping review protocol
Introduction Physical activity interventions have been used for various health conditions, including cardiovascular disease. However, the literature is still limited regarding the effect of physical activity on coronary heart disease among firefighters. Methods and analysis The review will be conducted according to recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and PRISMA Protocol guidelines. This scoping review will provide a synthesis of current evidence on the effects of physical activity on coronary heart disease among firefighters...
Source: BMJ Open - May 18, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Achmat, G., Erasmus, C., Kanaley, J., Leach, L. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research

Effect of multicomponent rehabilitation on independence and functioning in elderly patients with common age-associated diseases: protocol for a scoping review (REHOLD)
Introduction Elderly patients after hospitalisation for acute events on account of age-related diseases (eg, joint or heart valve replacement surgery) are often characterised by a remarkably reduced functional health. Multicomponent rehabilitation (MR) is considered an appropriate approach to restore the functioning of these patients. However, its efficacy in improving functioning-related outcomes such as care dependency, activities of daily living (ADL), physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQL) remains unclarified. We outline the research framework of a scoping review designed to map the available evide...
Source: BMJ Open - May 18, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Baritello, O., Stein, H., Wolff, L. L., Hamann, M., Völler, H., Salzwedel, A. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

Coping strategies of the incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol of quantitative and qualitative evidence
Introduction To reduce the transmission of COVID-19, regulations included the use of cloth masks, sanitising regularly, maintaining social distance and having minimal personal contact. COVID-19 affected many different groups of people including service providers and users of correctional centres. In this protocol, we aim to establish evidence on the challenges and coping strategies adopted by the incarcerated and service providers of the incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and analysis In this scoping review, we will use the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We will consult PubMed, PsycInfo, SAGE, JSTOR,...
Source: BMJ Open - May 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Tsabedze, W. F., Fourie, E., Mhlanga, S. Tags: Open access, Mental health, COVID-19 Source Type: research

Urban neighbourhood elements that influence psychoactive substance use among populations with adverse childhood experiences: a scoping review protocol
Introduction Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are stressful or traumatic events experienced before the age of 18 years old. ACEs have been associated with an increased risk for substance use in adulthood. While an abundance of research has examined psychosocial factors that explain the link between ACEs and psychoactive substance use, little is known about the additional influence of the urban neighbourhood environment, including community-level factors, that influence the risk of substance use among populations with a history of ACEs. Methods and analysis The following databases will be systematically searched: PubMe...
Source: BMJ Open - May 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Baishya, M., Zisman-Ilani, Y., Hoadley, A., Litsas, D., Roth, S., Collins, B. N. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Mapping the available evidence on the impact of ingested live microbes on health: a scoping review protocol
This article outlines a protocol for a scoping review of published studies on interventions with live microbes in non-patient populations across eight health categories. The scoping review aims to catalogue types of interventions, measured outcomes, dosages, effectiveness, as well as current research gaps. Methods and analysis The scoping review will follow the six-staged protocol as proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and will include the following stages: defining the research questions (stage 1); defining the eligibility criteria and finalising search strategy (stage 2); selection of studies based on the eligibility ...
Source: BMJ Open - May 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mukherjee, A., Iyer, A., Gomez-Sala, B., OConnor, E., Kenny, J. G., Cotter, P. D. Tags: Open access, Nutrition and metabolism Source Type: research

Experiences of patients and their relatives of postoperative radiological surveillance and surveillance intensity following primary resection of a soft tissue sarcoma and its impact on their quality of life: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Postoperative radiological surveillance following primary resection of a soft tissue sarcoma (sarcoma of the retroperitoneum, abdomen, pelvis, trunk or extremities) is standard of care in all international high-volume sarcoma centres in the world. The intensity of postoperative surveillance imaging is highly varied and knowledge of the impact of surveillance and surveillance intensity on patients’ quality of life is limited. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the experiences of patients and their relatives/caregivers of postoperative radiological surveillance following resection of a prima...
Source: BMJ Open - May 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Maes, D., McMullan, C., Ford, S. J., Wilson, R., Oppong, R., Aiyegbusi, O. L. Tags: Open access, Oncology Source Type: research

What proportion of clinical prediction models make it to clinical practice? Protocol for a two-track follow-up study of prediction model development publications
Introduction It is known that only a limited proportion of developed clinical prediction models (CPMs) are implemented and/or used in clinical practice. This may result in a large amount of research waste, even when considering that some CPMs may demonstrate poor performance. Cross-sectional estimates of the numbers of CPMs that have been developed, validated, evaluated for impact or utilized in practice, have been made in specific medical fields, but studies across multiple fields and studies following up the fate of CPMs are lacking. Methods and analysis We have conducted a systematic search for prediction model studies...
Source: BMJ Open - May 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Arshi, B., Wynants, L., Rijnhart, E., Reeve, K., Cowley, L. E., Smits, L. J. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research

JBI systematic review protocol of text/opinions on how to best collect race-based data in healthcare contexts
Introduction Racialized population groups have worse health outcomes across the world compared with non-racialized populations. Evidence suggests that collecting race-based data should be done to mitigate racism as a barrier to health equity, and to amplify community voices, promote transparency, accountability, and shared governance of data. However, limited evidence exists on the best ways to collect race-based data in healthcare contexts. This systematic review aims to synthesize opinions and texts on the best practices for collecting race-based data in healthcare contexts. Methods and Analyses We will use the Joanna B...
Source: BMJ Open - May 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Quan, C., Clark, N., Costigan, C. L., Murphy, J., Li, M., David, A., Ganesan, S., Guzder, J., Cross, B. Tags: Open access, Health informatics Source Type: research

Use of global rating scales and checklists in clinical simulation-based assessments: a protocol for a scoping review
Introduction Assessment in health sciences education remains a hotly debated topic, with measures of competency and how to determine them in simulation-based assessments enjoying much of the focus. Global rating scales (GRS) and checklists are widely used within simulation-based education but there is a question regarding how the two strategies are used within clinical simulation assessment. The aim of this proposed scoping review is to explore, map and summarise the nature, range and extent of published literature available relating to the use of GRS and checklists in clinical simulation-based assessment. Methods We will...
Source: BMJ Open - May 12, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Henrico, K., Makkink, A. W. Tags: Open access, Medical education and training Source Type: research

Effect of cognitive-behavioural therapy on resilience and relapse in adult patients with substance use disorder: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Approximately 0.5 million fatalities per year are attributed to substance use disorder (SUD). SUD is refractory to therapy and has a high relapse rate. Cognitive deficits are also common in patients with SUD. Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is a promising treatment that may build resilience and reduce relapse among people with SUD. Our planned systematic review aims to clarify the effect of CBT on resilience and the relapse rate in adult patients with SUD compared with treatment as usual or no intervention. Methods and analysis We will search the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, EB...
Source: BMJ Open - May 12, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mhaidat, I., Taherian, M. R., Hashemi Nazari, S. S., Mosavi-Jarrahi, A., Yeganeh, H., Al-Yateem, N., Al Marzouqi, A. M., Rahman, S. A. Tags: Open access, Haematology (incl blood transfusion) Source Type: research