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Gender Disparities in First Authorship at Three Medical Universities in an Area Affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake
Kobe J Med Sci. 2023 Aug 31;69(2):E64-E78.ABSTRACTThe Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011, was one of the largest natural disasters in modern times. Publication in medical journals is important aspects of the academic promotion process, and is thus important for all scientists. However, little is known about whether and how substantial natural disasters affect gender disparities in academic productivity in disaster-affected areas. We hypothesized that the Great East Japan Earthquake widened the existing disparities in scientific publishing between male and female researchers. To test this hypothesis...
Source: Kobe J Med Sci - September 4, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yuko Ono Masafumi Saito Kenju Shimomura Kazuaki Shinohara Naoto Yamada Yudai Iwasaki Shigeaki Inoue Joji Kotani Source Type: research
Current Status and Problems of Newborn Infection Management at a Regional Hospital in Japan
CONCLUSIONS: There were no asymptomatic cases of CRP >2 mg/dL, and no cases of severe sepsis in normal neonatal deliveries. CRP levels were elevated in the AFT group, where culture was positive, but few antibiotics were administered. In the C/S group, antibiotics were administered if respiratory symptoms occurred unless the CRP level was high. Further, all patients in PROM group who received antibiotics had any symptoms, suggesting that routine blood tests may not be necessary.PMID:37661631
Source: Kobe J Med Sci - September 4, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Takeshi Ninchoji Masayo Okuno Tomoko Kihara Shigeki Takekida Jun Maruyama Source Type: research
Effect of a Family Pharmacist System on Medication Adherence of Patients with Dyslipidemia during a COVID-19 Epidemic
In this study, using anonymously processed receipt data from 700 insurance pharmacies in our group, we evaluated medication adherence in patients taking statin drugs before, during the first and second years of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in terms of medication persistence and medication possession, and compared the results between the family pharmacist group (FP group) and non-family pharmacist group (NoFP group). The odds ratios of good medication adherence (medication persistence and medication possession) rates for the FP group relative to the NoFP group were 1.446 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.210-...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mamoru Maeda Yoshitaka Hasegawa Ryota Tsukioka Miya Oishi Source Type: research
Reduction in Patient Waiting Times in Pharmacies by a Protocol to Minimize Inquiries to Doctors under an Agreement between a Hospital and Community Pharmacies
In conclusion, introduction of a protocol aimed at minimizing inquiries about prescriptions to doctors from a community pharmacy was useful in reducing the waiting time of patients, and also likely in decreasing the working times of medical doctors and pharmacists.PMID:37661441 | DOI:10.1248/yakushi.23-00021
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hideaki Hiramatsu Ryo Kobayashi Hironori Fujii Mika Uno Chiho Masuda Syoko Mabuchi Tomoyuki Hirashita Takako Hayashi Kazuhiro Iguchi Hitomi Teramachi Hirokazu Ibuka Tetsuya Ohashi Akio Suzuki Kimio Yasuda Source Type: research
Solubilization of Poorly Water-soluble Drugs with Amphiphilic Phospholipid Polymers
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):745-756. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00023.ABSTRACTMost drug candidates developed in recent years are poorly water-soluble, which is a key challenge in pharmaceutical science. Various solubilization methods have been investigated thus far, most of which require solubilizers that provide a local hydrophobic environment wherein a drug can dissolve or induce interactions with drug molecules. We have focused on amphiphilic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphoryl choline (MPC) polymers. In addition to the ease of molecular design of amphiphilic MPC polymers owing to their chemical structures, they have been r...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kensuke Yoshie Kazuhiko Ishihara Source Type: research
Cultured Cells in the Aging Research, Exhibiting Cell Surface Component Functions, Intracellular Signaling, a Novel Adaptor Molecule, Aging Phenotype Expression and Various Aspects of the Cellular Physiology
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):729-744. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00017.ABSTRACTCellular aging is one of the most extraordinary phenomena that mammalian cells undergo in vivo and in vitro. We have been observing their behavior for approximately 4 decades and here would like to summarize some of our salient findings. Normal cells such as human diploid cells exhibit finite growth potential in vitro as well as a set of senescent cell phenotypes. Those changes appear probabilistic and irreversible. In the search of the factor(s) to evoke the features we have observed that cellular glycosaminoglycan molecules plays significant role...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Koozi Matuoka Source Type: research
Elucidation and Prediction of Absorption Behavior After Oral Administration of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs as Different Lipid-Based Formulations
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):721-727. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00092.ABSTRACTLipid-based formulations (LBFs) are isotropic mixtures typically comprising lipids, surfactants, and/or co-solvents, in which drugs are pre-solubilized. After oral administration, LBFs are piggybacked into endogenous lipid digestion pathways. This triggers drug super-saturation and improves absorption. However, super-saturation poses a risk of drug precipitation, which generally leads to poor drug absorption. Furthermore, a series of aqueous colloidal species including digestion products (typically fatty acids and monoglycerides) and endogenous mol...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yusuke Tanaka Source Type: research
Elucidation of the Mechanisms Underlying the Rapid Antidepressant Actions of Ketamine and Search for Possible Candidates for Novel Rapid-acting Antidepressants
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):713-720. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00111.ABSTRACTKetamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, elicits swift antidepressant effects even in subjects with treatment-resistant depression. Nonetheless, owing to the serious adverse effects associated with ketamine, including psychotomimetic effects, the development of safer rapid-acting antidepressants is imperative. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine will facilitate the advancement of these alternative treatments. Previous preclinical studies have indicated that the antidepressant properties ...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Satoshi Deyama Source Type: research
The Functional Roles and the Potential as Drug Targets of Glycoproteins Regulating Complement and Coagulation Pathways
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):707-712. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00112.ABSTRACTComplement (C) activation occurs via three pathways, namely the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways. Intercommunication occurs between the complement and coagulation systems, which can trigger tissue injury and inflammation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a life-threatening disease characterized by disordered coagulation and systemic inflammation; here, the intercommunication between the complement and coagulation systems contributes to the development of DIC. Extracellular histones, which are contributors to the damage-ass...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tomohiro Mizuno Source Type: research
Understanding the Underlying Mechanism of Xenobiotic-Sensing Nuclear Receptor Activation
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):701-706. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00110.ABSTRACTThe nuclear receptor superfamily comprises 48 members in humans. In various organs, nuclear receptors regulate a variety of physiological functions through transcription of target genes. They are associated with the development and progression of endocrine and metabolic disorders, as well as with cancer development. Therefore, agonists and antagonists targeting nuclear receptors are currently being developed as therapeutic drugs for these diseases. Nuclear receptors can be activated through ligand binding or phosphorylation, which is mediated by va...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ryota Shizu Source Type: research
Development of Molecular Transformation Reactions Using Visible Light and Main Group Elements
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2023;143(9):693-699. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00091.ABSTRACTOwing to their ability to induce excitation of specific molecular orbitals or initiate chemical reactions, photochemical reactions have the potential to be more effective at selectively activating target molecules than thermal reactions. The thermal reactions transfer thermal energy to activate molecules, which often leads to the activation of multiple molecular species, including undesired ones, resulting in non-selectivity. This nonselectivity may result in undesirable side reactions or decrease reaction efficiency. Additionally, photochemical re...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Eiji Yamaguchi Source Type: research
Sclerosis rim volume ratio and Japanese Investigation Committee classification as predictive factors for femoral head collapse progression after non-vascularized fibular grafting in osteonecrosis patients
CONCLUSIONS: SVR is significant predictor of post-operative collapse progression following NVFG, and the composite index provides an optimal predictive value for femoral head collapse progression after surgery.PMID:37661477 | DOI:10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.107
Source: Asian Journal of Surgery - September 4, 2023 Category: Surgery Authors: Yixuan Huang Changyuan Gu Hongzhong Xi Hao Chen Feifei Gao Xinwei Yuan Mingbin Guo Jianbin Mai Xin Liu Bin Du Source Type: research
Comparison of the Speed of Enrollment for Clinical Trials Conducted by Japanese and Global Pharmaceutical Companies
In this study, we examined the speed of enrollment period in clinical trials. We surveyed clinical trials from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, covering the top 10 pharmaceutical companies in each global sales ranking (Global 10) and the Japanese sales ranking (Japan 10). Clinical trial data were obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov, a clinical trial registration information database, and the speed of participant enrollment (cases/month) was compared for each phase of the trials. The number of clinical trials conducted during the 10 years was 8938 trials for Global 10 and 1439 trials for Japan 10. Comparing the speed of ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hideki Maeda Moeka Yamanoi Yuka Fukuda Yuina Inaba Source Type: research
Assessment of Diagnosis Timing of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Working-Age Workers with Psychiatric Diseases Using Large Claims Data
This study aims to clarify the timing of diagnosis of ADHD in working-age workers with psychiatric comorbidities using large claims data in Japan. Based on a literature survey, we identified 10 typical comorbidities of ADHD. Among 3064162 participants with social insurance, 215060 working-age workers who were diagnosed with the 10 typical comorbidities of ADHD were included. Cohort 1 consisted of 96994 patients with the index date set as the earliest date of diagnosis of a comorbidity within the 12-month screening and 12-month observation periods. In cohort 2, 107436 patients were included, and the first date of diagnosis ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - September 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mutsumi Ando Kenji Momo Noriko Hida Taigi Yamazaki Iori Taki Tsutomu Nagai Takashi Yoshio Masahiro Kurosawa Source Type: research
Geographical origin traceability of mulberry leaves using stable hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon isotope ratios
Anal Sci. 2023 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s44211-023-00414-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGeographical discrimination of mulberry leaves is very important for their efficacy and quality as a traditional Chinese medicine. Stable hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon isotope ratios were measured in 292 mulberry leaves collected at 2 growth stages in 2 seasons from 8 regions of China. A stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA) approach were proposed to combine with stable isotope technology to tracing the origin of mulberry leaves. The results showed that leaves sampled in autumn were extremely depleted in 2H and 18O and slightly enrich...
Source: Analytical Sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry - September 4, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Dan Yang Liling Jia Yang Zhou Jingzhong Lu Yujie He Jinpeng Jiao Ju Huang Runtao Xia Yuxing Li Lihua Han Zhiqin Peng Source Type: research
