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Therapy: Antiviral Therapy
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Total 305 results found since Jan 2013.
Respiratory Pathogens in Infants Diagnosed with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western India Using Multiplex Real Time PCR
ConclusionsSpectrum of viral etiologies of ALRTI is highlighted. Etiological diagnosis of ALRTI would enable specific antiviral therapy, restrict antibiotic use and help in knowing burden of disease.
Source: Indian Journal of Pediatrics - January 14, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Protease inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronaviruses
In this study, we extended our previous work on coronavirus inhibitors and investigated the structure-activity relationships of a focused library of protease inhibitors for ferret and mink 3CLpro. Using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay, we identified potent inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronavirus 3CLpro. Multiple amino acid sequence analysis and modelling of 3CLpro of ferret and mink coronaviruses were conducted to probe the structural basis for these findings. The results of this study provide support for further research to develop broad-spectrum antiviral agents for multi...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - October 20, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus papain-like protease 2 can be noncompetitively inhibited by 6-thioguanine
Publication date: Available online 20 August 2018Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Hsu-Feng Chu, Chiao-Che Chen, David C. Moses, Yau-Hung Chen, Chao-Hsiung Lin, Ying-Chieh Tsai, Chi-Yuan ChouAbstractPorcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a coronavirus (CoV) discovered in the 1970s that infects the intestinal tract of pigs, resulting in diarrhea and vomiting. It can cause extreme dehydration and death in neonatal piglets. In Asia, modified live attenuated vaccines have been used to control PEDV infection in recent years. However, a new strain of PEDV that belongs to genogroup 2a appeared in the USA in 2013 and then qu...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 20, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Antiviral drug screening by assessing epithelial functions and innate immune responses in human 3D airway epithelium model
The objective of this study was to test the relevance of such a model for the discovery and validation of antiviral drugs. Fully differentiated 3D nasal epithelium cultures were inoculated with picornaviruses, a coronavirus and influenza A viruses in the absence or in the presence of reference antiviral drugs. Results showed that, rupintrivir efficiently inhibits the replication of respiratory picornaviruses in a dose dependent manner and prevents the impairment of the mucociliary clearance. Similarly, oseltamivir reduced the replication of influenza A viruses in a dose dependent manner and prevented the impairment of the ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - July 10, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Disulfiram can inhibit MERS and SARS coronavirus papain-like proteases via different modes
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Min-Han Lin, David C. Moses, Chih-Hua Hsieh, Shu-Chun Cheng, Yau-Hung Chen, Chiao-Yin Sun, Chi-Yuan Chou Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in southern China in late 2002 and caused a global outbreak with a fatality rate around 10% in 2003. Ten years later, a second highly pathogenic human CoV, MERS-CoV, emerged in the Middle East and has spread to other countries in Europe, North Africa, North America and Asia. As of November 2017, MERS-CoV had infected at least 2102 people with a fatality rate of about ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - December 29, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after single dose immunization
Publication date: Available online 12 December 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Renqiang Liu, Jinliang Wang, Yu Shao, Xijun Wang, Huilei Zhang, Lei Shuai, Jinying Ge, Zhiyuan Wen, Zhigao Bu Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has been a highly threatening zoonotic pathogen since its outbreak in 2012. Similar to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV belongs to the coronavirus family and can induce severe respiratory symptoms in humans, with an average case fatality rate of 35% according to the World Health Organization. Spike (S) protein of MERS-CoV is immunogenic and can induce neutralizing antibodies, thus is a...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - December 13, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Nsp3 of coronaviruses: Structures and functions of a large multi-domain protein
This article is part of the series “From SARS to MERS: Research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses” (Hilgenfeld & Peiris, Antiviral Res. 100, 286–295 (2013)).
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 9, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The cholesterol transport inhibitor U18666A inhibits type I feline coronavirus infection
In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that NPC1 plays an important role in type I FCoV infection. U18666A or other cholesterol transport inhibitor may be considered as the antiviral drug for the treatment of cats with FIP.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 3, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Toward the identification of viral cap-methyltransferase inhibitors by fluorescence screening assay
In this study, we focus on the nsp14 protein, which plays a key role in virus replication as it methylates the RNA cap structure at the N7 position of the guanine. We developed a high-throughput N7-MTase assay based on Homogenous Time Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF®) and screened chemical libraries (2000 compounds) on the SARS-CoV nsp14. 20 compounds inhibiting the SARS-CoV nsp14 were further evaluated by IC50 determination and their specificity was assessed toward flavivirus- and human cap N7-MTases. Our results reveal three classes of compounds: 1) molecules inhibiting several MTases as well as the dengue virus polymerase ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - July 21, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Efficacy of antibody-based therapies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in common marmosets
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Neeltje van Doremalen, Darryl Falzarano, Tianlei Ying, Emmie de Wit, Trenton Bushmaker, Friederike Feldmann, Atsushi Okumura, Yanping Wang, Dana P. Scott, Patrick W. Hanley, Heinz Feldmann, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Vincent J. Munster Cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continue to be identified and with a lack of effective clinical treatment and no preventative strategies, treatment using convalescent plasma or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a potential quick route to an intervention. Passive immunotherapy via ei...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - April 5, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in SARS coronavirus-induced pulmonary fibrosis
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Thiagarajan Venkataraman, Matthew B. Frieman Many survivors of the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity seen in older patients. Autopsies of patients that died from SARS also showed fibrosis to varying extents. Pulmonary fibrosis can be occasionally seen as a consequence to several respiratory viral infections but is much more common after a SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection. Given the threat of future outbreaks of severe coronavirus disease, including ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - April 5, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
IL-22 suppresses the infection of porcine enteric coronaviruses and rotavirus by activating STAT3 signal pathway
In this study, we found that recombinant mature pIL-22 (mpIL-22) inhibited the infection of multiple diarrhea viruses, including alpha coronavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV), in the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line J2 (IPEC-J2) cells. mpIL-22 up-regulated the expression of the antimicrobial peptide beta-defensin (BD-2), cytokine IL-18 and IFN-λ. Furthermore, we found that mpIL-22 induced phosphorylation of STAT3 on Ser727 and Tyr705 in IPEC-J2 cells. Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation by S3I-201 abrogated the antiviral ability o...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - March 16, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Identification and evaluation of potent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) 3CLPro inhibitors
Publication date: Available online 17 February 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Vathan Kumar, Jin Soo Shin, Jiun-Jie Shie, Keun Bon Ku, Chonsaeng Kim, Yun Young Go, Kai-Fa Huang, Meehyein Kim, Po-Huang Liang Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory illness with fever, cough and shortness of breath. Up to date, it has resulted in 1826 human infections, including 649 deaths. Analogous to picornavirus 3C protease (3Cpro), 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is critical for initiation of the MERS-CoV replication cycle and is thus regarded as a validated drug target. As presented h...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - February 16, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
IFN-lambda preferably inhibits PEDV infection of porcine intestinal epithelial cells compared with IFN-alpha
Publication date: Available online 19 January 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Lin Li, Fang Fu, Mei Xue, Weiye Chen, Jin Liu, Hongyan Shi, Jianfei Chen, Zhigao Bu, Li Feng, Pinghuang Liu In contrast to type I interferons that target various types of cells and organs, interferon lambda (IFN-L) primarily acts on mucosal epithelial cells and exhibits robust antiviral activity within the mucosal surface. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which causes high morbidity and mortality in piglets, is an enteropathogenic coronavirus with economic importance. Here, we demonstrated that both recombinant porcine IFN-L1 (r...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - January 18, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research
