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In vitro and in vivo Evidence on Intra-tumor Injection of Allogeneic Serum for Immunotherapy in a Mouse Model of Colon Cancer
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Oct 26;21(5):549-560. doi: 10.18502/ijaai.v21i5.11042.ABSTRACTIt is believed that preformed antibodies are responsible for blood transfusion reactions and transplant rejections. In order to remove a tumor, the tissue must be rejected. On the basis of transfusion reaction and transplantation immunology, we hypothesized that allogeneic serum can inhibit tumor growth when injected intra-tumor. Initially, an in vitro cytotoxicity test was conducted using the C57BL/6 serum (intact or decomplemented) in combination with the BALB/c-originating CT26 cell line. The CT26 cell line was used to esta...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - November 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Erfan Basirat Danial Dehghan Ardeshir Abbasi Nafiseh Pakravan Source Type: research
Why the U.S. Doesn ’t Have a Nasal Vaccine for COVID-19
The U.S. led the world in quickly developing COVID-19 vaccines—one of the few bright spots in the country’s otherwise criticized response. But while injectable vaccines are effective in protecting people from getting sick with COVID-19, they are less able to block infection. In order to put the pandemic behind us, the world will need a way to stop infections and spread of the virus. That’s where a different type of vaccine, one that works at the places where the virus gets into the body, will likely prove useful.
Here, though, the U.S. is losing its edge. In September, India approved a nasal COVID-19 vacc...
Source: TIME: Health - October 31, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 healthscienceclimate Source Type: news
A New Lab-Made COVID-19 Virus Puts Gain-of-Function Research Under the Microscope
On October 14, a team of scientists at Boston University released a pre-print study reporting that they had created a version of SARS-CoV-2 combining two features of different, existing strains that boosted its virulence and transmissibility. Scientists and the public raised questions about the work, which refocused attention on such experiments, and prompted the U.S. government to investigate whether the research followed protocols for these kinds of studies.
The concerns surround what is known as gain-of-function studies, in which viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens are created in the lab—either intentionally or ...
Source: TIME: Science - October 27, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news
To thwart the next pandemic, ‘swientists’ hunt for flu viruses at U.S. hog shows
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Source: ScienceNOW - October 27, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news
U.S. weighs crackdown on experiments that could make viruses more dangerous
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Source: ScienceNOW - October 19, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news
Will the monkeypox virus become more dangerous?
A few years ago, researchers scoured the remains of 1867 people who lived between 30,000 and 150 years ago for genetic traces of variola, the virus that causes smallpox. In the teeth and bones of four Northern Europeans from the Viking era, they found enough DNA to reconstruct entire variola genomes. The sequenced viruses weren’t direct ancestors of the feared variola strain that was eradicated in the second half of the 20th century. But they may hold a clue to how smallpox became so deadly.
Over the span of 350 years,
the Viking virus lost several genes
, the researchers reported in a 2020 paper in
Science...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - September 15, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
News at a glance: New gene therapy, Europe ’s drought, and a black hole’s photon ring
ARCHAEOLOGY
Drought exposes ‘Spanish Stonehenge’ for study
Scientists are rushing to examine a 7000-year-old stone circle in central Spain that had been drowned by a reservoir for decades and was uncovered after the drought plaguing Europe lowered water levels. Nicknamed the “Spanish Stonehenge”—although 2000 years older than the U.K. stone circle—the Dolmen of Guadalperal (above) was described by archaeologists in the 1920s. The approximately 100 standing stones, up to 1.8 meters tall and arranged around an oval open space, were submerged in the Valdecañas reservoir after the construction of a ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 25, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
How effective is the monkeypox vaccine? Scientists scramble for clues as trials ramp up
When mo
nkeypox suddenly started spreading globally in May, the world was fortunate in one respect: a vaccine was available. MVA, originally developed by Bavarian Nordic as a smallpox vaccine, was already licensed for monkeypox in Canada and the United States. EU regulators have since followed suit. Vaccine supplies are limited, and no doses have been shared with countries in Africa that have long been affected by monkeypox. But in Europe and North America, clinics have by now delivered thousands of doses to people in high-risk groups.
There’s little doubt the vaccine can help, but that’s about all that’s...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 10, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
What to Know About the Monkeypox Drug TPOXX —And Why It ’ s So Hard to Get
Monkeypox, which federal officials declared a public health emergency on August 4, is not as contagious as the other ongoing public health emergency in the U.S.: COVID-19. Monkeypox primarily spreads through contact with infected skin lesions. Theoretically, containing monkeypox should therefore be more feasible, as long as testing, vaccines, and treatments are accessible. But in reality, the rollouts of all three approaches have faced major challenges. Getting the antiviral drug tecovirimat, also known as TPOXX, is particularly difficult.
Here’s what to know about the antiviral drug treatment TPOXX.
What is TPOXX?
T...
Source: TIME: Health - August 9, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized healthscienceclimate monkeypox Source Type: news
Why efforts to make better, more universal coronavirus vaccines are struggling
There’s a new call from the White House to develop vaccines that might protect against future SARS-CoV-2 mutants or even unknown coronaviruses. “The vaccines we have are terrific, but we can do better than terrific,” Ashish Jha, White House COVID-19 response coordinator, said at a vaccine summit yesterday that gathered researchers, companies, and government officials. “Ultimately, we need vaccines that can protect us no matter what Mother Nature throws at us.”
But no specific funding request to Congress was revealed at the summit, or any concrete plans, so vaccine developers and the public shouldn’t expect...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - July 27, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
There ’s a shortage of monkeypox vaccine. Could one dose instead of two suffice?
As the monkeypox outbreak grows, the preferred vaccine to combat it is in short supply—a problem that’s only getting worse now that countries are expanding access to the vaccine. But there is a strategy that could double overnight the number of people who can be vaccinated: use a single shot instead of the recommended two.
Compelling data from monkey and human studies suggest a single dose of the vaccine—produced by Bavarian Nordic and sold under three different brand names—solidly protects against monkeypox, and that the second dose mainly serves to extend the durability of protection.
The United Kingdom...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - July 1, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Concern grows that human monkeypox outbreak will establish virus in animals outside Africa
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Eleven days after being bitten by one of her pet prairie dogs, a 3-year-old girl in Wisconsin on 24 May 2003 became the first person outside of Africa to be diagnosed with monkeypox. Two months later, her parents and 69 other people in the United States had suspected or confirmed cases of this disease, which is caused by a relative of the much deadlier smallpox virus. The monkeypox virus is endemic in parts of Africa, and rodents imported from Ghana had apparently infected captive prairie dogs, North...
Source: ScienceNOW - June 8, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news
News at a glance: China ’s carbon pledge, ARPA-H’s interim head, and an exascale computer
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Table of contents
A version of this story appeared in Science, Vol 376, Issue 6597.
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CONSERVATION
U.S. moves to stop Alaska copper mine
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is moving to block construction of a massive copper and gold mine that would risk polluting the headwaters of Alaska’s Bristol Bay, home to the world’s largest sockeye salmon runs. EPA announced last week it plans to forbid dis...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - June 2, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Modulation of Immune Responses Against HA1 Influenza Vaccine Candidate by B-lymphocyte Stimulator Cytokine in Mice
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Apr 11;21(2):207-214. doi: 10.18502/ijaai.v21i2.9228.ABSTRACTUtilizing subunit vaccines is one of the strategies to address influenza infection. Recent innovations have focused on high doses of vaccine antigens and immune enhancers or adjuvant to induce more robust and long-lasting immune responses. Here, an effect of the B cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) to increase the magnitude and durability of immune responses of the recombinant HA1 (rHA1) protein against the H1N1 influenza virus was studied. The HA1 protein and the effector domain of BAFF-R were expressed in the pET-28a (+...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - May 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Seyedeh Mahsa Bagheri Yazdi Shahla Shahsavandi Fatemeh Fotouhi Majid Tebianian Mohammad Majid Ebrahimi Source Type: research
