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Stem Cells for Cell-Based Therapies
The world of stem cells We know the human body comprises many cell types (e.g., blood cells, skin cells, cervical cells), but we often forget to appreciate that all of these different cell types arose from a single cell—the fertilized egg. A host of sequential, awe-inspiring events occur between the fertilization of an egg and the formation of a new individual: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are also called totipotent cells. The first steps involve making more cells by simple cell division: one cell becomes two cells; two cells become four cells, etc. Each cell of early development is undifferentiated; that is, it is...
Source: ActionBioscience - December 28, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Ali Hochberg Source Type: news

How AI Is Changing Medical Imaging to Improve Patient Care
That doctors can peer into the human body without making a single incision once seemed like a miraculous concept. But medical imaging in radiology has come a long way, and the latest artificial intelligence (AI)-driven techniques are going much further: exploiting the massive computing abilities of AI and machine learning to mine body scans for differences that even the human eye can miss. Imaging in medicine now involves sophisticated ways of analyzing every data point to distinguish disease from health and signal from noise. If the first few decades of radiology were about refining the resolution of the pictures taken of...
Source: TIME: Health - November 4, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park and Video by Andrew D. Johnson Tags: Uncategorized Frontiers of Medicine 2022 healthscienceclimate Innovation sponsorshipblock Source Type: news

The use of a Berlin Heart EXCOR LVAD in a child receiving chemotherapy for Castleman's disease
We present the unique case of a pediatric patient who received chemotherapy for a diagnosis of CD, while mechanically supported with a Berlin EXCOR LVAD secondary to restrictive cardiomyopathy. A four‐yr‐old previously healthy male with restrictive cardiomyopathy required MCS after cardiac arrest but was diagnosed with multicentric CD, a non‐malignant lymphoproliferative disorder fueled by excessive IL‐6 production. Treatment with IL‐6 blockade (tocilizumab) every two wk and methylprednisolone had no effect on his lymph nodes or cardiac function while on temporary RotaFlow. A Berlin LVAD was placed for treatment...
Source: Pediatric Transplantation - December 1, 2014 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Tamara O. Thomas, Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan, Maureen O'Brien, John L. Jefferies, Thomas D. Ryan, Ivan Wilmot, Michael L. Baker, Peace C. Madueme, David Morales, Angela Lorts Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Transfusion strategy in hematological intensive care unit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion is required in hematology patients treated with chemotherapy for acute leukemia, autologous (auto) or allogeneic (allo) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In certain situations like septic shock, hip surgery, coronary disease or gastrointestinal hemorrhage, a restrictive transfusion strategy is associated with a reduction of infection and death. A transfusion strategy using a single PRBC unit has been retrospectively investigated and showed a safe reduction of PRBC consumption and costs. We therefore designed a study to prospectively demonstrate that the tra...
Source: Trials - November 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sylvain ChantepieJean-Baptiste MearLydia GuittetBenoît DervauxJean-Pierre MarolleauFabrice JardinJean-Jacques DutheilJean-Jacques ParientiJean-Pierre VilqueOumedaly Reman Source Type: research

Reflections on the Future of Medicine
Recently, I traveled through China. I climbed mountains, hiked through forests, crossed deep valleys. I visited cities of every size. I floated across lakes and traveled beautiful shorelines churning with life. As a man of a certain age, I began to compare the permanence of the timeless landscape with the evanescence of my own existence. Yet, as a scientist, I knew these reflections were flawed. Scientists are trained to think in terms of aeons, millenia, and lifetimes. Consider the paradox. Is it the solid mountain or fragile the forest that is permanent? Is it the massive shoreline cliffs or the teeming shore life that...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - January 9, 2017 Category: Science Source Type: news

Sustaining and Improving Current Practices Surrounding Timely Hypertension Management in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Patients
Topic Significance& Study Purpose/Background/Rationale: Hypertension (HTN) is a known complication during pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The risks for developing hypertension depend on a variety of factors including the use of drugs (calcineurin inhibitors, steroids, and chemotherapy), total body irradiation (TBI), renal injury, transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS). Uncontrolled HTN may lead to significant life-threatening complications including impaired renal and heart function, stroke, posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) and death.
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - February 22, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Michelle Lewyckyj, Adam S. Nelson, Christopher E. Dandoy, Ashley Teusink, Sonata Jodele, Laura Flesch Source Type: research

Cardiac output response to exercise in patients before allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
ConclusionThese findings suggest that cardiac output response to exercise indicates exercise intolerance, which may not be detected by 6MD in patients before HSCT.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Unusual Techniques for Preserving Surgical and Oncologic Safety in Hepatectomy of Advanced Adrenal Malignancy with Vena Cava and Liver Invasion
We report herein three cases of major hepatectomy with IVC invasion and discuss several surgical tips.Patients and MethodsFrom March 2011 to February 2014, we retrospectively reviewed three cases of adrenal malignancy with liver and IVC invasion. Based on the severity of the malignant tumor, each case illustrates a different method to address surgical complications and maintain oncologic safety. Case 1: A 34-year-old woman was diagnosed with adrenocortical tumor during medical examination. Tumor invaded the right lobe of the liver and very close to the IVC. Fortunately, there was little thrombosis inside the IVC; we perfor...
Source: Annals of Surgical Oncology - September 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Medical Conditions Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Conclusion: This study found that sociodemographic factors were associated with the risk of developing medical conditions in AYA NHL, ALL and AML survivors. As expected, the risk of medical conditions varied by cancer type and treatment, with those undergoing SCT having a higher risk of medical conditions regardless of cancer type. NHL and ALL survivors who were uninsured or publicly insured were at a consistently higher risk of developing medical conditions, as were Hispanic ALL survivors and Black AML survivors. Our findings highlight the higher burden of medical conditions in subgroups of cancer survivors that may relat...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Keegan, T. H. M., Muffly, L. S., Li, Q., Alvarez, E., Brunson, A. M., Malogolowkin, M., Wun, T. Tags: 904. Outcomes Research-Malignant Conditions: Real World Outcomes Source Type: research

Cardiac Complications in the Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Patient
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDue to advancements in oncologic treatment strategies and techniques, the number of survivors who have undergone hematopoetic stem cell transplant (HCT) continues to increase in the United States; this number is projected to reach 502,000 by the year 2030. There is significant interest within the field of cardio-oncology to identify cardiotoxicity and cardiovascular disease in the HCT population. Epidemiologic studies analyzing both short- and long-term cardiovascular effects, risk stratification modeling, cardioprotective strategies, and expert consensus documents for cardiotoxicity surveillance r...
Source: Current Oncology Reports - March 1, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research