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Heart rate variability as a predictor of stroke course, functional outcome, and medical complications: A systematic review
Discussion: The present study showed that HRV could be considered a promising biomarker of a stroke outcome and its complications. However, further research is needed to establish a methodology for appropriate quantification and interpretation of HRV-derived parameters.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 9, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Acute Heart Failure After Reperfused Ischemic Stroke: Association With Systemic and Cardiac Inflammatory Responses
Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) present an increased incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and release of Troponin T coinciding with cardiac dysfunction. The nature of the cardiocirculatory alterations remains obscure as models to investigate systemic interferences of the brain-heart-axis following AIS are sparse. Thus, this study aims to investigate acute cardiocirculatory dysfunction and myocardial injury in mice after reperfused AIS. Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by transient right-sided middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Cardiac effects were investigated by electrocardiograms, 3D-e...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 21, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Advanced Interatrial Block Predicts Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke in Elderly Patients With Hypertension
Conclusion: Both partial and advanced IAB are associated with AF recurrence in elderly patients with hypertension. Furthermore, advanced IAB is an independent predictor of ischemic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 16, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Preliminary safety analysis of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in persons with chronic stroke
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, e-First Articles. The purpose of this study was to assess safety via electrocardiographic (ECG), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and orthopedic responses to 3 different high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols in persons with stroke. Eighteen participants (10 male; 61.9 + 8.3 years of age; 5.8 + 4.2 years poststroke) completed a symptom-limited graded exercise test (GXT) with ECG monitoring to screen for eligibility and determine HR peak. The 3 HIIT protocols involved repeated 30 s bursts of treadmill walking at maximum speed alternated with rest periods of 30 s...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 20, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Daniel L. Carl Pierce Boyne Bradley Rockwell Myron Gerson Jane Khoury Brett Kissela Kari Dunning Source Type: research

Pulse transit time measured by photoplethysmography improves the accuracy of heart rate as a surrogate measure of cardiac output, stroke volume and oxygen uptake in response to graded exercise
Heart rate (HR) is a valuable and widespread measure for physical training programs, although its description of conditioning is limited to the cardiac response to exercise. More comprehensive measures of exercise adaptation include cardiac output (Q̇), stroke volume (SV) and oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 ), but these physiological parameters can be measured only with cumbersome equipment installed in clinical settings. In this work, we explore the ability of pulse transit time (PTT) to represent a valuable pairing with HR for indirectly estimating Q̇, SV and V̇O 2 non-invasively. PTT was measured as the time interval bet...
Source: Physiological Measurement - April 9, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: L Pollonini, N S Padhye, R Re, A Torricelli, R J Simpson and C C Dacso Source Type: research

Sickle Cell Disease Subjects Have a Distinct Abnormal Autonomic Phenotype Characterized by Peripheral Vasoconstriction With Blunted Cardiac Response to Head-Up Tilt
Conclusion We have shown that SCD subjects are much more likely than non-SCD subjects to have impaired cardiac, but intact peripheral responses to orthostatic stress induced by HUT. These abnormal responses are associated with low baseline cardiac parasympathetic activity, independent of hemoglobin level. The classification of autonomic phenotypes based on HUT response may have potential use for predicting disease severity, guiding and targeting treatments/interventions to alleviate the risk of adverse outcomes in SCD. Ethics Statement All experiments were conducted at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA). The ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 10, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Utility of the oxygen pulse in the diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease in physically fit patients
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) guidelines recommend analysis of the oxygen (O2) pulse for a late exercise plateau in evaluation for obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD). The diagnostic performance of the O2 pulse for OCAD in physically fit individuals, in whom may be more likely to plateau, has not previously been evaluated. We found that a plateau in O2 pulse was not a useful predictor of OCAD in a physically fit population and may reflect a physiologic limitation of stroke volume and/or O2 extraction during exercise rather than a pathologic fall in stroke volume due to ischemia. AbstractCardiopulmonary exe...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 12, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Bradley J. Petek, Timothy W. Churchill, J. Sawalla Guseh, Garrett Loomer, Sarah K. Gustus, Gregory D. Lewis, Rory B. Weiner, Aaron L. Baggish, Meagan M. Wasfy Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Phenylephrine-Induced Cardiovascular Changes in the Anesthetized Mouse: An Integrated Assessment of in vivo Hemodynamics Under Conditions of Controlled Heart Rate
ConclusionIn conclusion, this in vivo murine model is capable of distinguishing between changes in peripheral vascular and cardiac functions. This study underlines the primary effect of phenylephrine on vascular function with secondary changes to cardiac function. Hence, this in vivo model is useful for the integrated assessment of the cardiovascular system.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 17, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Shivering and tachycardic responses to external cooling in mice are substantially suppressed by TRPV1 activation but not by TRPM8 inhibition.
Conclusions: External cooling-induced shivering and tachycardia are suppressed by TRPV1 activation, but not by TRPM8 inhibition. This suggests that TRPV1 agonists may be combined with external physical cooling to achieve more rapid and effective hypothermia. PMID: 24005250 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - September 4, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Feketa VV, Balasubramanian A, Flores CM, Player MR, Marrelli SP Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research

Shivering and tachycardic responses to external cooling in mice are substantially suppressed by TRPV1 activation but not by TRPM8 inhibition
In conclusion, external cooling-induced shivering and tachycardia are suppressed by TRPV1 activation, but not by TRPM8 inhibition. This suggests that TRPV1 agonists may be combined with external physical cooling to achieve more rapid and effective hypothermia.
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - November 1, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Feketa, V. V., Balasubramanian, A., Flores, C. M., Player, M. R., Marrelli, S. P. Tags: Obesity, Diabetes and Energy Homeostasis Source Type: research

Cardiovascular responses to forearm muscle metaboreflex activation during hypercapnia in humans.
Abstract We characterized the cardiovascular responses to forearm muscle metaboreflex activation during hypercapnia. Ten healthy males participated under three experimental conditions: 1) hypercapnia (HCA, PetCO2: +10mmHg) induced by inhalation of a CO2-enriched gas mixture; 2) muscle metaboreflex activation (MMA) induced by 5 min of local circulatory occlusion following 1 min of 50% MVC isometric handgrip under normocapnia; and 3) HCA+MMA combination. We measured mean arterial pressure (MAP, finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (HR, electrocardiography) and cardiac output (CO, Doppler ultrasound); calculated ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - April 22, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Delliaux S, Ichinose M, Watanabe K, Fujii N, Nishiyasu T Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research

Analysis of cardiorespiratory phase coupling and cardiovascular autonomic responses during food ingestion
Publication date: 15 May 2016 Source:Physiology & Behavior, Volume 159 Author(s): Kyuichi Niizeki, Tadashi Saitoh The present study analyzed whether the phase coherency (λ) of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is altered by food ingestion in healthy young subjects. After 5min of resting control, 13 healthy volunteers were asked to eat a solid meal with access to water at their own pace, followed by 5min of the postprandial state. The R-R interval (RRI), beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP), and respiratory activity were recorded using electrocardiography, a Finapres device, and inductance plethysmography, respect...
Source: Physiology and Behavior - March 17, 2016 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Prediction of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation From Complexity Analysis of the Sinus Rhythm ECG: A Retrospective Case/Control Pilot Study
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, conveying a stroke risk comparable to persistent AF. It poses a significant diagnostic challenge given its intermittency and potential brevity, and absence of symptoms in most patients. This pilot study introduces a novel biomarker for early PAF detection, based upon analysis of sinus rhythm ECG waveform complexity. Sinus rhythm ECG recordings were made from 52 patients with (n = 28) or without (n = 24) a subsequent diagnosis of PAF. Subjects used a handheld ECG monitor to record 28-second periods, twice-daily for at least 3 weeks. Two independent ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 19, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Changes in heart rate variability and QT variability during the first trimester of pregnancy
The risk of new-onset arrhythmia during pregnancy is high, presumably relating to changes in both haemodynamic and cardiac autonomic function. The ability to non-invasively assess an individual’s risk of developing arrhythmia during pregnancy would therefore be clinically significant. We aimed to quantify electrocardiographic temporal characteristics during the first trimester of pregnancy and to compare these with non-pregnant controls. Ninety-nine pregnant women and sixty-three non-pregnant women underwent non-invasive cardiovascular and haemodynamic assessment during a protocol consisting of various physiologica...
Source: Physiological Measurement - February 18, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: R E Carpenter, L A D’Silva, S J Emery, O Uzun, D Rassi and M J Lewis Source Type: research

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