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Total 38 results found since Jan 2013.

Thrombophilia risk is not increased in children after perinatal stroke
Perinatal stroke causes cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. Specific diseases are definable, but mechanisms are poorly understood. Evidence suggests possible associations between arterial perinatal stroke and prothrombotic disorders, but population-based, controlled, disease-specific studies are limited. Understanding thrombophilia in perinatal stroke informs pathogenesis models and clinical management. We conducted a population-based, prospective, case-control study to determine the association of specific perinatal stroke diseases with known thrombophilias. Children with idiopathic magnetic resonance imaging–cl...
Source: Blood - May 18, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Curtis, C., Mineyko, A., Massicotte, P., Leaker, M., Jiang, X. Y., Floer, A., Kirton, A. Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Free Research Articles, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Vascular Biology, CME article Source Type: research

Characteristics of methotrexate-induced stroke-like neurotoxicity.
Abstract Intrathecal administration of methotrexate (IT-MTX) can lead to neurotoxicity. MTX-induced neurotoxicity occasionally manifests with a stroke-like presentation that is difficult to distinguish from genuine stroke. We retrospectively reviewed records of nine patients with leukemia or lymphoma and episodes of stroke-like presentation at our institute between 2010 and 2015 for whom magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were available. Coagulation test results were compared between the two diagnostic groups. Four patients were diagnosed with MTX-induced stroke-like neurotoxicity. The first neurological event ...
Source: International Journal of Hematology - September 4, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Watanabe K, Arakawa Y, Oguma E, Uehara T, Yanagi M, Oyama C, Ikeda Y, Sasaki K, Isobe K, Mori M, Hanada R, Koh K Tags: Int J Hematol Source Type: research

Modified diffusion-weighted imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score including deep white matter lesions predicts symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage following intravenous thrombolysis
AbstractThe Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) is widely used for the assessment of early ischemic changes (EICs) before thrombolysis. However, for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) following intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), the prediction abilities of CT-ASPECTS, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-ASPECTS, and DWI-ASPECTS including EICs in deep white matter (DWI-ASPECTS  + W) are unclear. We investigated associations between each score and sICH following intravenous rt-PA. Data from consecutive patients who received intravenous rt-PA for acute ischemic...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - November 18, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Left ventricular geometry and white matter lesions in ischemic stroke patients.
Authors: Butenaerts D, Chrzanowska-Wasko J, Slowik A, Dziedzic T Abstract Abnormal left ventricular (LV) geometry is associated with extracardiac organ damage in patients with hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between LV geometry and white matter lesions (WMLs) in ischemic stroke patients. We retrospectively analyzed data from 155 patients (median age 62; 49.8% male) with mild ischemic stroke (median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 4) who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. Patients were categorized into four groups: normal LV geometr...
Source: Blood Pressure - February 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Tags: Blood Press Source Type: research

Regulatory T cells are strong promoters of acute ischemic stroke in mice by inducing dysfunction of the cerebral microvasculature
We have recently identified T cells as important mediators of ischemic brain damage, but the contribution of the different T-cell subsets is unclear. Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)–positive regulatory T cells (Tregs) are generally regarded as prototypic anti-inflammatory cells that maintain immune tolerance and counteract tissue damage in a variety of immune-mediated disorders. In the present study, we examined the role of Tregs after experimental brain ischemia/reperfusion injury. Selective depletion of Tregs in the DEREG mouse model dramatically reduced infarct size and improved neurologic function 24 hours after stroke a...
Source: Blood - January 24, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Kleinschnitz, C., Kraft, P., Dreykluft, A., Hagedorn, I., Gobel, K., Schuhmann, M. K., Langhauser, F., Helluy, X., Schwarz, T., Bittner, S., Mayer, C. T., Brede, M., Varallyay, C., Pham, M., Bendszus, M., Jakob, P., Magnus, T., Meuth, S. G., Iwakura, Y., Tags: Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research

Survey on APS diagnosis and antithrombotic treatment in patients with ischaemic stroke, other brain ischaemic injury or arterial thromboembolism in other sites: Communication from ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibodies (LA/aPL)
CONCLUSIONS: Much of the variation in practice reflects the lack of evidence-based recommendations. The survey results should inform the development of a more uniform multidisciplinary consensus approach to diagnosis and antithrombotic treatment.PMID:37391096 | DOI:10.1016/j.jtha.2023.06.020
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - June 30, 2023 Category: Hematology Authors: Hannah Cohen David J Werring Arvind Chandretheva Prabal Mittal Katrien M J Devreese David A Isenberg ISTH SSC LA/aPL Subcommittee Study Group Source Type: research

Silent cerebral infarcts in very young children with sickle cell anaemia are associated with a higher risk of stroke
We report clinical, neuroradiological, psychometric and academic follow‐up over an average period of 14 years in 37 children with SCA who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the brain between ages 7 and 48 months. Ten patients (27%) younger than age 5 years (Group I) had SCI, as did 12 (32%) older than 5 years (Group II). Fifteen (41%) had no lesions (Group III). Overt stroke or transient ischaemic attack occurred in 5/9 (56%) in Group I. Most Group I patients had progressive MRI abnormalities, concurrent stenosis, decreased cognitive ability, attention/executive function ...
Source: British Journal of Haematology - June 7, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Maria I. Cancio, Kathleen J. Helton, Jane E. Schreiber, Matthew P. Smeltzer, Guolian Kang, Winfred C. Wang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Thrombocytopenia with acute ischemic stroke and bleeding in a patient newly vaccinated with an adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine
We describe the first Danish case of presumed inflammatory and thrombotic response to vaccination with an adenoviral (ChAdOx1) vector based COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222). The case describes a 60-year old woman, who was admitted with intractable abdominal pain seven days after receiving the vaccine. Computer Tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed bilateral adrenal hemorrhages. On the following day she developed a massive right sided ischemic stroke and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) angiography showed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery. The ischemic area was deemed too large to offer reperfusion therapy. During ...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 20, 2021 Category: Hematology Authors: Rolf Ankerlund Blauenfeldt S øren Risom Kristensen Siw Leiknes Ernstsen Claudia Christina Hilt Kristensen Claus Ziegler Simonsen Anne-Mette Hvas Source Type: research

No Association between Thrombin Generation and Intra-Plaque Haemorrhage in Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: The Plaque at RISK (PARISK) Study.
CONCLUSION:  Features of carotid plaque on MRI show no significant association with TG in stroke patients. Systemic TG does not seem to be an important factor in IPH development. PMID: 29972860 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - July 4, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Crombag GAJC, Spronk HM, Nelemans P, Schreuder FHBM, Truijman MTB, van Dijk AC, de Rotte AAJ, Liem MI, Daemen MJAP, van der Steen AFW, Mess WH, Nederkoorn PJ, Hendrikse J, van der Lugt A, Wildberger JE, Ten Cate H, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Kooi ME Tags: Thromb Haemost Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance imaging/angiography and transcranial Doppler velocities in sickle cell anemia: results from the SWiTCH trial
The Stroke With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (SWiTCH) trial compared standard (transfusions/chelation) to alternative (hydroxyurea/phlebotomy) treatment to prevent recurrent stroke and manage iron overload in children chronically transfused over 7 years before enrollment. Standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) exams were performed at entry and exit, with a central blinded review. A novel MRA vasculopathy grading scale demonstrated frequent severe baseline left/right vessel stenosis (53%/41% ≥Grade 4); 31% had no vessel stenosis on either ...
Source: Blood - August 7, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Helton, K. J., Adams, R. J., Kesler, K. L., Lockhart, A., Aygun, B., Driscoll, C., Heeney, M. M., Jackson, S. M., Krishnamurti, L., Miller, S. T., Sarnaik, S. A., Schultz, W. H., Ware, R. E., for the SWiTCH Investigators Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Sickle Cell Disease, Free Research Articles, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis, Vascular Biology, Clinical Trials and Observations Source Type: research

Enhanced Long-Term Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Children with Sickle Cell Disease after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common cause of stroke in children. Strokes and “clinically silent” infarcts are caused by progressive sickle vasculopathy in large and small vessels [1-4], leading to SCD brain vasculopathy. Both stroke types can affect neurological and cognitive function starting early in childhood [1,2,5-9]. Stroke or stroke risk is a frequent indication f or pediatric SCD transplantation [10-12]. Based on several studies using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is believed to halt progression of vasculopathy [10,12-16].
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - January 8, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Nancy S. Green, Monica Bhatia, Erica Y. Griffith, Mahvish Qureshi, Courtney Briamonte, Mirko Savone, Stephen Sands, Margaret T. Lee, Angela Lignelli, Adam M. Brickman Source Type: research

Cerebral Infarcts and Cerebrovascular Disease in Neurologically Intact Tanzanian Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia
Conclusions:The prevalence of SCI on MRI is high in children with SCA without neurological history living in Africa even when TCD CBFV is normal. Children and adolescents with all grades of vasculopathy on MRA are at higher risk of brain parenchymal injury. The lack of association between SCI and hemoglobin may be related to the relatively severe anemia in our African study. As MRA contrast depends on velocity of blood flowing in vessels, it is not surprising that Grade 1 turbulence on MRA appears to reflect high CBFV on TCD. Importantly, high TCD velocity and Grade 1 turbulence may reflect the potentially reversible early...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Mwakatika, M. M., Saunders, D. E., Makani, J., Kirkham, F. J. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster I Source Type: research

Burden and Risk of Neurological and Cognitive Impairment in Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia in Uganda (BRAIN SAFE): Final Results of the Cross-Sectional Analysis
Conclusions: These data demonstrate early, frequent neurovascular pathology for each outcome tested. Abnormal neurocognitive test results significantly increased with age or non-normal TCD. Our findings provide a baseline for longitudinal assessment and incentive for intervention. Enhanced research capacity was gained for junior faculty, trainees and staff, in areas of the conduct of brain research and focus on pediatric SCD, TCD performance and neuro-epidemiology.Funding: 1R21HD089791 (PIs: Idro, Green)DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Green, N. S., Munube, D., Bangirana, P., Opoka, R., Kayongo, E., Mupere, E., Buluma, L. R., Kebirungi, B., Sekibira, R., Kiguli, S., Kawooya, M., Lubowa, S. K., Elkind, M. S. V., Li, G., LaRussa, P., Idro, R. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster II Source Type: research

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Angiography Findings in Ugandan Children with Sickle Cell Anemia; A Cross Sectional Study
ConclusionsBrain injury in Uganda children with SCA begins early in childhood and becomes a common finding during later childhood. Early screening for stroke and intervention therapy is warranted to prevent sickle brain vasculopathy initiated early after diagnosis. The risk factors for such early brain injury should be investigated.DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Idro, R., Green, N. S., Munube, D., Buluma, L. R., Kebirungi, B., Opoka, R., Bangirana, P., Mupere, E., Kayongo, E., Sekibira, R., Kasirye, P., Lubowa, S. K., Kawooya, M., LaRussa, P., Minja, F. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster II Source Type: research

How I manage cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle cell disease
Summary Sickle cell disease induces specific brain alterations that involve both the macrocirculation and the microcirculation. The main overt neurovascular complications in children are infarctive stroke, transient ischaemic attack and cerebral haemorrhage. Silent cerebral infarction, cognitive dysfunction and recurrent headache are also common. Cerebrovascular disease selectively affects children with the HbSS or HbS‐β0 genotypes (i.e. sickle cell anaemia). The incidence of stroke peaks between 2 and 5 years of age (1·02/100 patient‐years) and increases with the severity of the anaemia. Most strokes can be prevent...
Source: British Journal of Haematology - May 5, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Valentine Brousse, Manoelle Kossorotoff, Mariane Montalembert Tags: State of the Art Review Source Type: research