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Microbiological Etiologies of Pneumonia Complicating Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—Although the analysis was limited by small and heterogeneous study populations, limiting determination of microbiological causality, this review suggests aerobic Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci are frequently associated with pneumonia complicating stroke. This supports the need for appropriately designed studies to determine microbial cause and a consensus-based approach in antibiotic usage and further targeted antibiotic treatment trials for enhanced antibiotic stewardship.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Amit K. Kishore, Andy Vail, Adam R. Jeans, Angel Chamorro, Mario Di Napoli, Lalit Kalra, Peter Langhorne, Christine Roffe, Willeke Westendorp, Paul J. Nederkoorn, Javier Garau, Diederik van de Beek, Joan Montaner, Mark Woodhead, Andreas Meisel, Craig J. S Tags: Complications, Meta Analysis, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Administration Mediated Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelin Formation in Subcortical Ischemic Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— BDNF administration exerted better functional outcome, oligodendrogenesis, remyelination, and fiber connectivity than controls in rats subjected to subcortical damage in ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramos-Cejudo, J., Gutierrez-Fernandez, M., Otero-Ortega, L., Rodriguez-Frutos, B., Fuentes, B., Vallejo-Cremades, M. T., Hernanz, T. N., Cerdan, S., Diez-Tejedor, E. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Neuroprotectors Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Misdiagnosis in Young Patients with Ischemic Stroke (P7.122)
Conclusions It is essential to increase awareness that young patients with stroke may present to emergency department with minor symptoms of artery dissection mainly involving the posterior circulation and lacking cardiovascular risk factors.Disclosure: Dr. Leon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pantiu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Quiroga has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bonardo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Uribe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mazziotti has received research support from Shire Pharmaceuticals Group. Dr. Zinnerman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Martinez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sotelo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ju...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Leon, L., Pantiu, F., Quiroga, J., Bonardo, P., Uribe, C., Mazziotti, J., Zinnerman, A., Martinez, A., Sotelo, A., Jure, L., Nofal, P., Bendersky, E., Sposato, L. A., Riccio, P., Reisin, R., Fernandez Pardal, M. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Stroke in Young Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Rosiglitazone treatment improves long-term white matter integrity after cerebral ischemia, at least, in part, by promoting oligodendrogenesis and facilitating microglial polarization toward the beneficial M2 phenotype.
Source: Stroke - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Han, L., Cai, W., Mao, L., Liu, J., Li, P., Leak, R. K., Xu, Y., Hu, X., Chen, J. Tags: Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Do Physically Active Patients Have Better Functional Outcome after Stroke? A Systematic Review
Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and, among survivors, disability. Physical activity has a protective effect maybe due to a major control of risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and body weight. However, the effect of prestroke physical activity and the poststroke functional outcomes needs clarification.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mariely Trigo Tumasz, Tathiana Trócoli, Matheus Fernandes de Oliveira, Ricardo Rezende Campos, Ricardo Vieira Botelho Source Type: research

The model homologue of the partially defective human 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, considered as a risk factor for stroke due to increased homocysteine level, can be protected and reactivated by heat shock proteins
AbstractThe A222  V substitution in the humanMTHFR gene product (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) is responsible for a decreased activity of this enzyme. This may cause an increased homocysteine level, considered as a risk factor for arteriosclerosis and stroke. The bacterial homologue of the human enzyme, MetF, has been found to be a useful model in genetic and biochemical studies. The similarity ofEscherichia coli MetF and human MTHFR proteins is so high that particular mutations in the corresponding human gene can be reflected by the bacterial mutants. For example, the A222  V substitution in MTHFR (caused by...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - September 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuregulin-1/PI3K signaling effects on oligodendrocyte proliferation, remyelination and behaviors deficit in a male mouse model of ischemic stroke
In this study, we investigated the effect of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) on demyelination and neurological function in an ischemic stroke model, and further explored its neuroprotective mechanisms. Adult male ICR mice underwent photothrombotic ischemia surgery and were injected with NRG1 beginning 30 min after ischemia. Cylinder and grid walking tests were performed to evaluate the forepaw function. In addition, the effect of NRG1 on neuronal damage/death (Cresyl violet, CV), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), nestin, doublecortin (DCX), myelin basic protein (MBP), non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI-32), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC),...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Mai Yin Cui Yan Qiong Fu Zhuo Li Li Yu Zheng Yi Yu Chan Zhang Yun Qi Zhang Bing Rui Gao Wu Yue Chen Yun-Lyul Lee Moo-Ho Won Min Liao Yong Jian Bai Hui Chen Source Type: research

Cerebellar Infarction
This article summarizes the current multidisciplinary approach to cerebellar stroke.
Source: Neurologic Clinics - September 16, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Sudhir Datar, Alejandro A. Rabinstein Source Type: research

Neurologic manifestations of E coli infection-induced hemolytic-uremic syndrome in adults
I commend Weissenborn et al.1 for careful serial neurologic and neuropsychological examination of 42 severely ill adults. I question whether encephalopathy or delirium is the best description. The first of 2 cardinal features of delirium on the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)2 is acute confusion with fluctuating course. All the observations support sudden onset. The low median age of 43 years makes prior brain disease such as Alzheimer disease and stroke unlikely in most subjects. Figure 2 demonstrates great fluctuation in neuropsychological dysfunction.1 The second CAM cardinal feature is inattention. Twenty-one patient...
Source: Neurology - May 6, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Regal, P. J. Tags: WRITECLICK: EDITOR ' S CHOICE Source Type: research

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage as the Initial Neurologic Manifestation in Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (P6.014)
Conclusion: Upon review of the literature, ischemic infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage are uncommon complications of TTP. Our case demonstrates a unique case of subarachnoid hemorrhage as the initial neurological manifestation of TTP.Disclosure: Dr. Wei has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ramesh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Farmakidis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nalleballe has nothing to disclose. Dr. JADEJA has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wei, J., Ramesh, A., Farmakidis, C., Nalleballe, K., Jadeja, N. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology II ePosters Source Type: research

Nosocomial infections after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: time course and causative pathogens
ConclusionNosocomial infections after subarachnoid hemorrhage are common and mostly occur in the first week after ictus. Future studies should investigate if general hygienic measures, infection awareness, minimizing the duration of mechanical ventilation and use of catheters/drains, or prophylactic antibiotics reduce infections and improve functional outcome.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - April 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamil G. Laban, Gabriel J. E. Rinkel, Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen Tags: Research Source Type: research

Zika associated Guillain-Barre syndrome in the United States (P2.327)
Conclusions:Zika can induce GBS after a brief viral illness. Neuropathy can be a mixture of demyelinating and axonal. Dysautonomia may also be present including severe dysphagia, orthostatics and retention.Zika RNA has a short detection window in serum and CSF making a diagnosis time sensitive. Serological assays using IgM and IgG cross-react with other flaviviruses making them unable to differentiate between recent Zika exposure and cross reactivity with Dengue and Chikungunya. Our pt likely had prior exposure to Dengue, being from an endemic area. Prior Dengue exposure may possibly modulate the response to Zika via antib...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Tantillo, G., Sclar, G., Vasa, C., Shin, S., Sivak, M. Tags: Zika, Chikungunya, West Nile Virus, and Other Viral Infections I Source Type: research

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