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Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Consecutive Slides on Axial View Is More Effective Than Transversal Diameter to Differentiate Mechanisms of Single Subcortical Infarctions in the Lenticulostriate Artery Territory
Conclusion: Consecutive slides on axial view (≥4 consecutive slices) might be more effective than transversal diameter to identify the atherosclerotic mechanisms of SSIs in the lenticulostriate artery territory. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00664846 Introduction Single subcortical infarctions (SSIs) have been considered to be caused by lipohyalinosis degeneration in small artery disease, traditionally called lacunar infarct (1). However, atherosclerosis occurring in the parental artery blocking the orifice of the branch artery or atherosclerosis in the p...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A combined approach of bedside clinical examination and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in poststroke dysphagia: A pilot study
Conclusions: FEES is an easy, efficient and reliable method to evaluate the swallowing status in stroke patients. In combination with good bedside clinical examination and swallow exercises, it can be a good tool in assessing patients with post- stroke dysphagia. Post-stroke rehabilitation and prevention of aspiration pneumonia can be effectively done with the help of FEES.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - August 26, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sureshkumar RadhakrishnanUnnikrishnan K MenonAnandkumar Anandakuttan Source Type: research

Air pollution and cerebrovascular disorders with special reference to Asia: An overview
Conclusion: Even though air pollution poses a significant threat to human health, a great number of countries still fail to achieve internationally agreed air quality standards. Air pollution should be recognized among the most significant controllable risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention and treatment.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - September 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Bushra Taimuri Sohail Lakhani Maryam Javed Divyani Garg Vasundhara Aggarwal Man Mohan Mehndiratta Mohammad Wasay Source Type: research

Factors influencing nonadministration of thrombolytic therapy in early arrival strokes in a university hospital in Hyderabad, India
Conclusion: One-fourth of early ischemic stroke patients in our study were not thrombolyzed even though they arrived within the window period. The majority of the reasons for nonadministration of thrombolysis were potentially preventable, such as nonaffordability, intrahospital delay, and nonavailability of newer endovascular interventions.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - July 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Lalitha Pidaparthi Anitha Kotha Venkat Reddy Aleti Abhijeet Kumar Kohat Mridula R Kandadai Suryaprabha Turaga Jabeen A Shaik Suvarna Alladi Meena A Kanikannan Borgohain Rupam Subhash Kaul Source Type: research

Electrocardiographic abnormalities in acute cerebrovascular events in patients with/without cardiovascular disease
Conclusion: Ischemia-like ECG changes and arrhythmias are frequently seen in stroke patients, even in those with no history or signs of primary heart disease, which support a central nervous system origin of these ECG abnormalities. Further study is necessary to better define the brain-heart interaction.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - February 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Mansoureh ToghaAlireza SharifpourHaleh AshrafMansour MoghadamMohammad Ali Sahraian Source Type: research

Longer Door to Needle Times When Fellows Administer Tissue Plasminogen Activator via Telemedicine (P2.359)
Conclusions: DTN was longer over TM than in our ED. While our findings imply that NFVs may have taken a longer time to administer IV tPA, further studies are needed to determine what are the causative factors and how to address them.Disclosure: Dr. Jagolino has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bozorgui has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cossey has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ankrom has nothing to disclose. Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Irani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vahidy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Savitz has received research support from NIH T32 grant. Dr. Wu has received personal compensation for activities with Genentech.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jagolino, A., Bozorgui, S., Cossey, T., Ankrom, C., Patel, J., Irani, M., Vahidy, F., Savitz, S., Wu, T.-C. Tags: Education Research: Graduate Medical Education Source Type: research

Interaction of incidental microbleeds and prior use of antithrombotics with early hemorrhagic transformation: Causative or protective ?
Conclusion: Presence of incidental CMBs was not associated with increased risk for early HT of an ischemic stroke. Interestingly, the prior intake of antiplatelets was found to be protective against HT of ischemic stroke.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - November 21, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Konark Malhotra Monica Khunger Bichun Ouyang David S Liebeskind Yousef M Mohammad Source Type: research

Comparison of risk factors, treatment, and outcome in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease in India and the United States
Conclusion: Compared to patients in US with symptomatic ICAD, Indian patients were younger and had more severe strokes. However, Indian patients had lower rates of recurrent stroke, perhaps due to greater use of dual antiplatelet therapy.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - June 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Udit Saraf Shyam Prabhakaran K Arun Ahmed Babiker Adithyan Rajendran Chandrasekharan Kesavadas PN Sylaja Source Type: research

The impact of time to reperfusion on recanalization rates and outcome after mechanical thrombectomy: A single center experience
Conclusions: The recanalization rates were similar in patients irrespective of the time to reperfusion from stroke onset. The functional outcome was not inferior in late presenters selected by advanced imaging.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - May 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Sapna Erat Sreedharan K Arun Santhosh Kannath ER Jayadevan Jissa V Thulaseedharan PN Sylaja Source Type: research

Combining carotid endarterectomy with off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery is safe and effective
Conclusion: Combining CEA along with CABG is a safe and effective procedure.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - November 17, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Arun GargAtma Ram BansalDilip SinghManisha MishraPooja SharmaRavi Ratan KasliwalNaresh Trehan Source Type: research

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies Examining Effect of Anticoagulation and Risk of Cerebral Hemorrhage in patients with Cerebral Microbleeds (P2.276)
Conclusions:Results of this meta-analysis suggest that patients with CMBs started on anticoagulation after ischemic stroke are more likely to have ICH outcomes than patients without CMBs. However, the study was limited by small sample sizes based on extracted data and lack of quality prospective cohort studies meeting inclusion criteria. Further investigation is necessary to conclude increased risk of ICH in this patient population.Disclosure: Dr. Faheem has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wang has received research support from TEVA Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Dr. Gronseth has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Faheem, N., Wang, Y., Gronseth, G. Tags: Intracerebral Hemorrhage Source Type: research

Innovations, new strategies and surprising twists in Neurology: captured in new journal Neurological Research and Practice
What are the current hot topics in neurology, what do you anticipate will be the challenges and trends in the future within the field? Neurology is such a rapidly moving field that it is impossible to anticipate what the new trends will be. We were frequently proven wrong with our predictions in the past, while completely unexpected developments happened and new avenues were opened. One thing however is for sure: There will be numerous innovations, new strategies, surprising twists and turns, and within the new journal Neurological Research and Practice we try to capture some of them. What are your research interests and w...
Source: BioMed Central Blog - October 1, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Victoria Hentschke Tags: Biology Medicine Open Access Publishing Neurological Research and Practice Source Type: blogs

Mechanical thrombectomy: Answering unanswered
Rajsrinivas Parthasarathy, Vipul GuptaAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2020 23(1):13-19 The stroke physician community witnessed a major “breakthrough” in acute stroke therapeutics when the results of the first of the many positive trials, “MR CLEAN,” were published showing a significant absolute benefit in favor of mechanical thrombectomy in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Thereafter, the investigators of ESCAPE, SWIFT PRIME, REVASCAT, THRACE, and PISTE concluded the same. Based on the initial studies, the American Stroke Association amended the 2013 gu...
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - January 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Rajsrinivas Parthasarathy Vipul Gupta Source Type: research