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Total 205 results found since Jan 2013.

Triclosan activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent apoptosis and affects Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in mouse neocortical neurons.
Abstract Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitizing products, such as soaps, toothpastes, and hair products. A number of studies have revealed the presence of TCS in human tissues, such as fat, liver and brain, in addition to blood and breast milk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TCS on AhR and Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 signaling in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. In addition to the use of selective ligands and siRNAs, expression levels of mRNA and proteins as well as caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) format...
Source: Environmental Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Szychowski KA, Wnuk A, Kajta M, Wójtowicz AK Tags: Environ Res Source Type: research

Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of native air borne particulate matter from industrial area of Rourkela city, Odisha, India
In this study, we examined potential adverse health effect of particulate matter (PM) collected from industrial areas of Rourkela, Odisha, India. Results indicate that PM in these areas contains benzo[a]pyrene in addition to other unidentified molecules. Ames test revealed the above PM to be highly mutagenic. Further studies of PM in HaCaT cells suggest its DNA damaging potential which may lead to apoptosis. Generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following PM exposure may be an early event in the PM induced apoptosis. In addition, the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450), the key xenobiotic metabolism enzyme, w...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - July 20, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces 5-fluorouracil resistance in human colon cancer cells
Publication date: Available online 4 May 2016 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Joon Ki Kim, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Yea Seong Ryu, Xia Han, Pattage Madushan Dilhara Jayatissa Fernando, Min Chang Oh, Jeong Eon Park, Kristina Shilnikova, Sun Jin Boo, Soo-Young Na, Yong Joo Jeong, Seung Uk Jeong, Jin Won Hyun Colon cancer can be treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), but 5-FU resistance frequently occurs. We determined whether 5-FU resistance arises as a result of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. 5-FU–resistant SNUC5 colon cancer cells (SNUC5/FUR cells) expressed higher level...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - May 8, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Genistein ameliorated endothelial nitric oxidase synthase uncoupling by stimulating sirtuin-1 pathway in ox-LDL-injured HUVECs
Publication date: Available online 16 January 2016 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Hua-ping Zhang, Jia-hui Zhao, Hai-xia Yu, Dong-xing Guo Endothelial nitric oxidase synthase (eNOS) uncoupling plays a causal role in endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Genistein consumption has been associated with the prevention of atherosclerosis. However, the effect of genistein on eNOS uncoupling has not been reported. A model of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced injury on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was established to evaluate the effect of genistein on eNOS ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - January 17, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Silence of PTEN in colorectal cancer cells via siRNA inhibits cell growth.
In this study, we aimed to examine the expression of PTEN in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT-8 and to further investigate the functions of PTEN in colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, we established stably transfected HCT-8 cell lines expressing siRNA targeting the PTEN gene. Cell proliferation and cell migration of the siPTEN cells were characterized by the CCK-8 assay and the Transwell assay, respectively. Our results show that constitutive knockdown of the PTEN gene in siPTEN cells significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration. These results suggest that PTEN may play important roles in colorectal cancer...
Source: Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology - November 20, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Tags: J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol Source Type: research

Role of GLI1 and NDRG1 in Increased Resistance to Apoptosis Induction.
We examined the effects of GLI1 expression in PW mouse embryo fibroblasts and H441 lung carcinoma cells. Ectopic expression of GLI1 in PW cells induced anchorage-independent growth and increased resistance to staurosporine-induced apoptosis, and overexpression of GLI1 in H441 cells caused resistance to apoptosis induced by staurosporine and etoposide. GLI1 expression in both H441 and PW cells was associated with increased expression of NDRG1, a gene known to be downregulated by the MYC family of proteins, indicating that upregulation of NDRG1 by GLI1 is not cell-type specific. Consistent with suppression of NDRG1 by c-MYC ...
Source: Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology - November 20, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Tags: J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol Source Type: research

p53-dependent apoptosis contributes to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced hepatotoxicity.
Abstract Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is used extensively in many personal care and consumer products, resulting in widespread non-occupational human exposure through multiple routes and media. DEHP has various deleterious effects including hepatotoxicity. p53 protein is a central sensor in cell apoptosis. In order to clarify the roles of p53 in DEHP-induced hepatotoxicity, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were dosed daily with DEHP by gavage for 30 days; BRL cells (rat liver cell line) were treated with DEHP for 24 h after pretreatment with NAC or small interfering RNA (siRNA). Results indicated that after exposur...
Source: Environmental Pollution - November 6, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ha M, Wei L, Guan X, Li L, Liu C Tags: Environ Pollut Source Type: research

Effects of Low-Dose Bisphenol A on DNA Damage and Proliferation of Breast Cells: The Role of c-Myc
Conclusions: Low-dose BPA exerted c-Myc-dependent genotoxic and mitogenic effects on ERα-negative mammary cells. These findings provide significant evidence of adverse effects of low-dose BPA on mammary cells. This EHP Advance Publication article has been peer-reviewed, revised, and accepted for publication. EHP Advance Publication articles are completely citable using the DOI number assigned to the article. This document will be replaced with the copyedited and formatted version as soon as it is available. Through the DOI number used in the citation, you will be able to access this document at each stage of the publica...
Source: EHP Research - May 1, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sam Duvall Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

6-OH-BDE-47 promotes human lung cancer cells epithelial mesenchymal transition via the AKT/Snail signal pathway
Publication date: January 2015 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 39, Issue 1 Author(s): Bao-Lin Qu , Wei Yu , Yu-Rong Huang , Bo-Ning Cai , Le-Hui Du , Fang Liu Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) have been detected in the various human tissues. The OH-PBDEs are suggested to be stronger endocrine-disrupting compounds than PBDEs, therefore the toxicological effects of OH-PBDEs had received lots of attention. However, there is no study about the carcinogenic effect of OH-PBDEs and their estrogen potencies on the tumorigenesis and development of cancer. In the present study, we foun...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - January 5, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Title: Genistein Disrupts Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Human Uterine Endometrial Ishikawa Cells
Conclusions: Using Ishikawa cells, we observed that exposure to genistein resulted in distinct changes in gene expression and unique differences in the GR transcriptome. Citation: Whirledge S, Senbanjo LT, Cidlowski JA. 2015. Genistein disrupts glucocorticoid receptor signaling in human uterine endometrial Ishikawa cells. Environ Health Perspect 123:80–87; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408437 Address correspondence to J.A. Cidlowski, NIH/NIEHS, MD F3-07, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA. Telephone: (919) 541-1564. E-mail: cidlows1@niehs.nih.gov We thank X. Xu (Integrative Bioinformatic...
Source: EHP Research - December 31, 2014 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Research Article January 2015 Source Type: research