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Infectious Disease: HIV AIDS
Management: National Institutes of Health (NIH)

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Total 33 results found since Jan 2013.

Hearing intervention versus health education control to reduce cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss in the USA (ACHIEVE): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Lancet. 2023 Jul 17:S0140-6736(23)01406-X. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01406-X. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Hearing loss is associated with increased cognitive decline and incident dementia in older adults. We aimed to investigate whether a hearing intervention could reduce cognitive decline in cognitively healthy older adults with hearing loss.METHODS: The ACHIEVE study is a multicentre, parallel-group, unmasked, randomised controlled trial of adults aged 70-84 years with untreated hearing loss and without substantial cognitive impairment that took place at four community study sites across the USA. Participa...
Source: Atherosclerosis - July 21, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frank R Lin James R Pike Marilyn S Albert Michelle Arnold Sheila Burgard Theresa Chisolm David Couper Jennifer A Deal Adele M Goman Nancy W Glynn Theresa Gmelin Lisa Gravens-Mueller Kathleen M Hayden Alison R Huang David Knopman Christine M Mitchell Thoma Source Type: research

Categorising implementation determinants and strategies within the US HIV implementation literature: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Despite decreased rates of new infections, HIV/AIDS continues to impact certain US populations. In order to achieve the goals laid out in the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) in the US initiative, implementation science is needed to expand the sustained use of effective prevention and treatment interventions, particularly among priority populations at risk for and living with HIV/AIDS. Over 200 HIV-related implementation studies have been funded by the US National Institutes of Health. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the literature identifying implementation determinants (barriers and facilitators) and categ...
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Merle, J. L., Li, D., Keiser, B., Zamantakis, A., Queiroz, A., Gallo, C. G., Villamar, J. A., McKay, V., Zapata, J. P., Mustanski, B., Benbow, N., Smith, J. D. Tags: Open access HIV/AIDS Source Type: research

Predicted effects of the introduction of long-acting injectable cabotegravir pre-exposure prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa: a modelling study
Lancet HIV. 2023 Jan 12:S2352-3018(22)00365-4. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00365-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended by WHO as an additional option for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is concern that its introduction could lead to an increase in integrase-inhibitor resistance undermining treatment programmes that rely on dolutegravir. We aimed to project the health benefits and risks of cabotegravir-PrEP introduction in settings in sub-Saharan Africa.METHODS: With HIV Synthesis, an individual-based HIV model, we simul...
Source: Cancer Control - January 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jennifer Smith Loveleen Bansi-Matharu Valentina Cambiano Dobromir Dimitrov Anna Bershteyn David van de Vijver Katharine Kripke Paul Revill Marie-Claude Boily Gesine Meyer-Rath Isaac Taramusi Jens D Lundgren Joep J van Oosterhout Daniel Kuritzkes Robin Sch Source Type: research

Impact of universal testing and treatment on sexual risk behaviour and herpes simplex virus type 2: a prespecified secondary outcomes analysis of the HPTN 071 (PopART) community-randomised trial
Lancet HIV. 2022 Nov;9(11):e760-e770. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00253-3.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Comprehensive HIV prevention strategies have raised concerns that knowledge of interventions to reduce risk of HIV infection might mitigate an individual's perception of risk, resulting in riskier sexual behaviour. We investigated the prespecified secondary outcomes of the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial to determine whether a combination HIV prevention strategy, including universal HIV testing and treatment, changed sexual behaviour; specifically, we investigated whether there was evidence of sexual risk compensation.METHODS: HPTN 071 (Po...
Source: Herpes - November 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ethan Wilson Deborah Donnell Timothy Skalland Sian Floyd Ayana Moore Nomtha Bell-Mandla Justin Bwalya Nkatya Kasese Rory Dunbar Kwame Shanaube Barry Kosloff Oliver Laeyendecker Yaw Agyei Graeme Hoddinott Peter Bock Sarah Fidler Richard Hayes Helen Ayles H Source Type: research

He battled AIDS, COVID-19, and Trump. Now, Anthony Fauci is stepping down
Anthony Fauci, the renowned physician-scientist who has led the $6.3 billion National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) for nearly 4 decades and since early 2020 has been the U.S. government’s voice of scientific reason during the COVID-19 pandemic, will step down from government service in December. Fauci, 81, had said in recent interviews that he planned to retire from the government by the end of President Joe Biden’s administration, but did not give a date until today. He said in a statement that although leading NIAID “has been the honor of a lifetime,” he plans to “pursue...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 22, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Interim Guidance: 4-Month Rifapentine-Moxifloxacin Regimen for the Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis - United States, 2022
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Feb 25;71(8):285-289. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7108a1.ABSTRACTOn May 5, 2021, CDC's Tuberculosis Trials Consortium and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) published results from a randomized controlled trial indicating that a 4-month regimen containing rifapentine (RPT), moxifloxacin (MOX), isoniazid (INH), and pyrazinamide (PZA) was as effective as the standard 6-month regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment (1). On the basis of these findings, CDC recommends the 4-month regimen as a treatment option for U.S. patients aged ≥12 years with drug-su...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 24, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wendy Carr Ekaterina Kurbatova Angela Starks Neela Goswami Leeanna Allen Carla Winston Source Type: research

Early ART-initiation and longer ART duration reduces HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in children from the CHER trial
AIDS Res Ther. 2021 Sep 29;18(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12981-021-00389-1.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Reduction of the reservoir of latent HIV-infected cells might increase the possibility of long-term remission in individuals living with HIV. We investigated factors associated with HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in children receiving different antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies in the children with HIV early antiretroviral therapy (CHER) trial.METHODS: Infants with HIV < 12 weeks old with CD4% ≥ 25% were randomized in the CHER trial to early limited ART for 40 or 96 weeks (ART-40 W, ART-96 W), or deferred ART (ART-Def). For ART-D...
Source: AIDS Research and Therapy - September 30, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Helen Payne Man K Chan Sarah A Watters Kennedy Otwombe Nei-Yuan Hsiao Abdel Babiker Avy Violari Mark F Cotton Diana M Gibb Nigel J Klein Source Type: research