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Total 36 results found since Jan 2013.

Cemetery DNA links enslaved people at hellish forge to living descendants. Should they be contacted?
Related Perspective Community-initiated genomics BY Fatimah L. C. Jackson Related podcast Tracing the genetic history of African Americans using ancient DNA, and ethical questions at a famously weird medical museum BY Sarah Crespi , Zakiya Whatley , Rodrigo Pérez Ortega , Titi Shodiya , Kevin McLean Related Research Article The genetic legacy of African Americans from Catoctin Furnace BY Éadao...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 3, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Metalloprotein enabled redox signal transduction in microbes
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 11;76:102331. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102331. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMicrobes utilize numerous metal cofactor-containing proteins to recognize and respond to constantly fluctuating redox stresses in their environment. Gaining an understanding of how these metalloproteins sense redox events, and how they communicate such information downstream to DNA to modulate microbial metabolism, is a topic of great interest to both chemists and biologists. In this article, we review recently characterized examples of metalloprotein sensors, focusing on the coordination and oxidation state of the me...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 13, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Murphi T Williams Eaindra Yee Grant W Larson Elizabeth A Apiche Anoop Rama Damodaran Ambika Bhagi-Damodaran Source Type: research

Major U.S. geological survey aims to uncover minerals critical for batteries and microchips
From the air, Maine is a uniform sea of green: Forests cover 90% of the state. But beneath the foliage and the dirt lies an array of geological terrains that is far more diverse, built from the relics of volcanic islands that collided with North America hundreds of millions of years ago. Two years ago, sensor-laden aircraft began to survey these geochemically rich terrains for precious minerals. Researchers spotted an anomalous signal streaming out of Pennington Mountain, 50 kilometers from the Canadian border. State geologists bushwhacked through the paper mill–bound pine forests, taking rock samples. They event...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - June 1, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Pre-conditioning of gingival epithelial cells with sub-apoptotic concentrations of curcumin prevents pro-inflammatory cytokine release
CONCLUSION: Curcumin decreased inflammatory cytokine production induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum in H400 oral epithelial cells. The mechanism of action appears to be driven by the increase of haem oxygenase and the production of carbon monoxide.PMID:36919895 | DOI:10.1111/jre.13114
Source: Cell Research - March 15, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Melissa M Grant Ann E Scott John B Matthews Helen R Griffiths Iain L C Chapple Source Type: research

Human alveolar macrophage metabolism is compromised during < em > Mycobacterium tuberculosis < /em > infection
Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 26;13:1044592. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044592. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTPulmonary macrophages have two distinct ontogenies: long-lived embryonically-seeded alveolar macrophages (AM) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Here, we show that after infection with a virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv), primary murine AM exhibit a unique transcriptomic signature characterized by metabolic reprogramming distinct from conventional BMDM. In contrast to BMDM, AM failed to shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis and consequently were unable to control infection with...
Source: Cancer Control - February 13, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Laura E Mendonca Erwan Pernet Nargis Khan Joaquin Sanz Eva Kaufmann Jeffrey Downey Alexandre Grant Marianna Orlova Erwin Schurr Connie Krawczyk Russell G Jones Luis B Barreiro Maziar Divangahi Source Type: research

Preliminary Data on Essential and Non-essential Element Occurrence in Processed Animal Proteins from Insects
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Nov 10. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03462-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInsects represent a valuable and environmentally friendly protein alternative in food and feed. The Farm to Fork strategy encouraged the reintroduction of animal by-products in feed production to optimise recycling and to valorise under-used resources. In order to grant safe and valuable feed products, this study investigated the black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) chemical risk. Samples collected in different steps of production (8 samples of substrate for culturing, 7 samples of larvae, 15 samples of protein meal, 18 ...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - November 9, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Sabina Pederiva Rosa Avolio Daniela Marchis Maria Cesarina Abete Stefania Squadrone Source Type: research

Potential fabrication in research images threatens key theory of Alzheimer ’s disease
.news-article__hero--featured .parallax__element{ object-position: 50% 30%; -o-object-position: 50% 30%; } In August 2021, Matthew Schrag, a neuroscientist and physician at Vanderbilt University, got a call that would plunge him into a maelstrom of possible scientific misconduct. A colleague wanted to connect him with an attorney investigating an experimental drug for Alzheimer’s disease called Simufilam. The drug’s developer, Cassava Sciences , claimed it improved cognition, partly by repairing a protein that can block sticky brain deposits of the protein amyloid beta (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer’s. The a...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - July 21, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Can former conservation ‘pirates’ help scientists study the oceans?
Laura Sánchez Alòs had been at sea for less than 20 minutes when the motorboats attacked. In late January 2019, the 24-year-old Spanish conservation biologist was on board the Farley Mowat , a former U.S. Coast Guard cutter, in Mexican waters in the northern Gulf of California. She was the ship’s scientist, part of a campaign by the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society to study and protect the vaquita , the world’s smallest porpoise and most endangered marine mammal. Since 2015, the organization had been patrolling this region—and making local fishers increasingly angry. Sánchez Alòs was here t...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - June 30, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Soil Properties and Moisture Synergistically Influence Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Prevalence in Natural Environments of Hawai'i
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Apr 18:e0001822. doi: 10.1128/aem.00018-22. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic pulmonary disease (PD). NTM infections are thought to be acquired from the environment; however, the basal environmental factors that drive and sustain NTM prevalence are not well understood. The highest prevalence of NTM PD cases in the United States is reported from Hawai'i, which is unique in its climate and soil composition, providing an opportunity to investigate the environmental drivers of NTM prevalence. We used microbiological sampli...
Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology - April 18, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Arielle W Parsons Stephanie N Dawrs Stephen T Nelson Grant J Norton Ravleen Virdi Nabeeh A Hasan L Elaine Epperson Brady Holst Edward D Chan Vianey Leos-Barajas Brian J Reich James L Crooks Michael Strong Krishna Pacifici Jennifer R Honda Source Type: research

Prevalence and maternal determinants of early and late introduction of complementary foods: results from the Growing up in New Zealand cohort study
Br J Nutr. 2022 Apr 11:1-35. doi: 10.1017/S000711452200112X. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA nationally generalisable cohort (n=5770, 7-12-month-old children) was used to determine prevalence of non-timely (early/late) introduction of complementary food and core food groups and associations with maternal sociodemographic and health behaviours in New Zealand (NZ).Variables describing maternal characteristics and infant food introduction were sourced, respectively, from interviews completed antenatally and during late infancy. The NZ Infant Feeding Guidelines were used to define early (<4 months) and late (≥7 months) fo...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - April 11, 2022 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sara S Ferreira Dirce M Marchioni Clare R Wall Sarah Gerritsen Juliana A Teixeira Cameron C Grant Susan S B Morton Teresa G Castro Source Type: research