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Otitis Media: Rapid Evidence Review.
Abstract Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common diagnosis in childhood acute sick visits. By three years of age, 50% to 85% of children will have at least one episode of AOM. Symptoms may include ear pain (rubbing, tugging, or holding the ear may be a sign of pain), fever, irritability, otorrhea, anorexia, and sometimes vomiting or lethargy. AOM is diagnosed in symptomatic children with moderate to severe bulging of the tympanic membrane or new-onset otorrhea not caused by acute otitis externa, and in children with mild bulging and either recent-onset ear pain (less than 48 hours) or intense erythema of the t...
Source: American Family Physician - September 14, 2019 Category: Primary Care Authors: Gaddey HL, Wright MT, Nelson TN Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Surface (S) Layer Proteins of Lactobacillus acidophilus Block Virus Infection via DC-SIGN Interaction
We describe the unexpected binding of S-layer to cells devoid of DC-SIGN but also confirm that the presence of DC-SIGN was essential for S-layer’s antiviral activity. S-layer protein exerted its antiviral effect with different kinetics than mannan, a known viral inhibitor that also acts on DC-SIGN (Yu et al., 2017). Together our results suggest that inhibition of viral entry by S-layer occurs via a novel S-layer/DC-SIGN interaction. Materials and Methods Isolation of S-Layer Proteins S-layer proteins were extracted from overnight cultures of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 cells grown in MRS medium at 37°C by usi...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Cellular Immune Function in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) Research Ethics Committee (Ref. 6123) and the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) London-Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee (REC ref. 11/10/1760, IRAS ID: 77765), with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the LSHTM Research Ethics Committee and the NRES London-Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee. Author Contributions JC, HD, LN, EL, and ER devised the study ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Sequential Immunization With Live-Attenuated Chimeric Hemagglutinin-Based Vaccines Confers Heterosubtypic Immunity Against Influenza A Viruses in a Preclinical Ferret Model
This study was also partly funded by a research contract from GSK. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect positions or policies of the funders. Conflict of Interest Statement AG-S, FK, and PP are inventors in patent applications filed and owned b
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

BKV Clearance Time Correlates With Exhaustion State and T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Shape of BKV-Specific T-Cells in Renal Transplant Patients
This study was approved by our local ethical review committee in compliance with the declaration of Helsinki. Informed and written consent was obtained from all patients (Ethic Committee Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany, EA2/028/13). The study cohort consisted of 7 kidney transplant recipients with sustained BKV reactivation (Table 1). The HLA typing for each patient and donor is summarized in Figure 1. TABLE 1 Table 1. Characteristics of patients with BKV reactivation. FIGURE 1 Figure 1. Recipient and donor HLA type. HLA type of the patients and their kidney donors. Black square i...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Drug and Vaccine Allergy
Most children with a history of penicillin allergy are labeled allergic and denied treatment with penicillin and sometimes other beta-lactam antibiotics. Most of these children never were or are no longer allergic to penicillin. Penicillin skin testing and oral challenge can identify patients who are not currently allergic, allowing them to be treated with penicillin. Children with egg allergy are often denied influenza vaccination, because the vaccine contains a small amount of egg protein. However, recent studies have demonstrated that children with even severe egg allergy can safely receive the vaccine, reducing their r...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - November 24, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: John M. Kelso Source Type: research