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Modafinil for the Improvement of Patient Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion. Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant with well-established effectiveness in the treatment of narcolepsy and shift-work sleep disorder. There is conflicting evidence about the benefits of modafinil in the treatment of fatigue and EDS secondary to TBI. One randomized, controlled study states that modafinil does not significantly improve patient wakefulness, while another concludes that modafinil corrects EDS but not fatigue. An observational study provides evidence that modafinil increases alertness in fatigued patients with past medical history of brainstem diencephalic stroke or multiple sclerosis. ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Review excessive daytime sleep fatigue head injury modafinil stroke TBI traumatic brain injury Source Type: research

Stimulants May Pose Short-Term Cardiovascular Risks in Older Adults
Older adults prescribed stimulant medications appear to be at an elevated risk of cardiovascular problems in the first 30 days after beginning the treatment, according to astudy published today inJAMA Network Open. However, these risks decrease over time, with no evidence of increased cardiovascular risk at six months and one year after initiating treatment.“Although stimulants are most commonly used among children and youth for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an increase in stimulant use among older adults in recent years has been observed,” wrote Mina Tadrous, PharmD., Ph.D., of the ...
Source: Psychiatr News - October 25, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: cardiovascular problems heart attack JAMA Network Open off-label use older adults stimulants stroke transient ischemic attack ventricular arrhythmia Source Type: research

Adderall® (Amphetamine-Dextroamphetamine) Toxicity
This article discusses our present understanding of Adderall® intoxication and examines 3 dogs presented to our practice after ingestion of large amounts of the drug.
Source: Topics in Companion Animal Medicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Kevin T. Fitzgerald, Alvin C. Bronstein Source Type: research

The use of stimulant medications for non-core aspects of ADHD and in other disorders.
Abstract Psychostimulants play a central role in the management of ADHD. Here we review the evidence pertaining to the use of methylphenidate, dexamphetamine and related amphetamine salts, the prodrug lisdexamfetamine and modafinil for the management of comorbid ADHD and non-ADHD indications. There is a growing consensus that stimulant medications are helpful at improving the emotional dysregulation and lability, and oppositional and conduct symptoms that are often associated with ADHD. There is some evidence that psychostimulants may improve outcomes in those with treatment resistant depression, reduce negative s...
Source: Neuropharmacology - June 18, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sinita E, Coghill D Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Risk of Major Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Users of Lisdexamfetamine and Other Medications for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Denmark and Sweden: A Population-Based Cohort Study
ConclusionOur findings suggest little to no increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated with LDX compared with patients previously treated with other ADHD medications.
Source: Neurology and Therapy - October 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research