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Sickle Cell Disease Subjects Have a Distinct Abnormal Autonomic Phenotype Characterized by Peripheral Vasoconstriction With Blunted Cardiac Response to Head-Up Tilt
Conclusion We have shown that SCD subjects are much more likely than non-SCD subjects to have impaired cardiac, but intact peripheral responses to orthostatic stress induced by HUT. These abnormal responses are associated with low baseline cardiac parasympathetic activity, independent of hemoglobin level. The classification of autonomic phenotypes based on HUT response may have potential use for predicting disease severity, guiding and targeting treatments/interventions to alleviate the risk of adverse outcomes in SCD. Ethics Statement All experiments were conducted at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA). The ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 10, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Fast Intracortical Sensory-Motor Integration: A Window Into the Pathophysiology of Parkinson ’s Disease
Conclusion and Outlook In this review, we have discussed the possible contributions of the fast-afferent somatosensory pathway, the intracortical integrative component and the fast-efferent corticomotor pathway to alterations of SAI in PD. We concluded that PD-related changes in SAI are most likely caused at the cortical level, where sensory input is rapidly integrated into a motor output. This makes SAI a useful tool to probe how PD impacts on the sensorimotor integration processing at the cortical level. Studies performed on PD patients have shown variable results, ranging from reduced to normal or even enhanced SAI fi...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Pre-injury Comorbidities Are Associated With Functional Impairment and Post-concussive Symptoms at 3- and 6-Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study
Conclusions: Pre-injury psychiatric and pre-injury headache/migraine symptoms are risk factors for worse functional and post-concussive outcomes at 3- and 6-months post-mTBI. mTBI patients presenting to acute care should be evaluated for psychiatric and headache/migraine history, with lower thresholds for providing TBI education/resources, surveillance, and follow-up/referrals. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01565551. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2013 ~2.8 million TBI cases were recorded an...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research