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Quick magnesium treatment fails to improve stroke outcomes, but study has silver lining
In the first study of its kind, a consortium led by UCLA physicians found that giving stroke patients intravenous magnesium within an hour of the onset of symptoms does not improve stroke outcomes.   However, the 8-year trial did find that with the help of paramedics in the field, intravenous medications can frequently be administered to stroke victims within that so-called "golden hour," during which they have the best chance to survive and avoid debilitating, long-term neurological damage.   The latter finding is a "game-changer," said Dr. Jeffrey Saver, director of the UCLA Stroke Center and a professor of ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 13, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Case report: Central nervous system involvement of human graft versus host diseaseReport of 7 cases and a review of literature
We report 7 cases of CNS-GvHD among which two had histological-proven disease. We reviewed 32 additional cases of CNS GvHD published in literature since 1990. In this cohort, 34 patients were transplanted for hematologic malignancies, and 5 for non-malignant hematopoiesis disorders. Of these patients, 25 had a history of chronic GvHD and immunosuppressive treatment had been decreased or discontinued in 14 patients before neurological symptoms onset. Median neurological disorder onset was 385 days [7-7320]. Patients had stroke-like episodes (n = 7), lacunar syndromes (n = 3), multiple sclerosis-like presentations (n...
Source: Medicine - October 1, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Recruitment of participants to a multiple sclerosis trial: The CombiRx experience.
CONCLUSION: Participants can be enrolled successfully in a clinical trial for RRMS, but factors affecting the time to achieve the requirements needed to start screening can be unpredictable and problematic. Prospective planning by the sponsors and investigators, use of central institutional review boards (IRBs), master trial agreements and secure remote desktop access to the trial database may expedite trial implementation and participant recruitment. A good scientific research question with flexible study design and active involvement of the clinicians are important factors driving recruitment. Clinical trials can be impl...
Source: Clinical Trials - April 7, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Bhanushali MJ, Gustafson T, Powell S, Conwit RA, Wolinsky JS, Cutter GR, Lublin FD, Cofield SS Tags: Clin Trials Source Type: research

Qualitative exploration of the benefits of group-based memory rehabilitation for people with neurological disabilities: implications for rehabilitation delivery and evaluation
Conclusions The study highlighted important patient-perceived outcomes that should be considered by researchers and rehabilitation professionals when evaluating the effects of memory rehabilitation. The use of domain-specific outcome measures which reflect these areas is recommended. Qualitative changes in the use of memory aids may be achieved which cannot be captured by frequency indices alone. The benefits of the group-based rehabilitation approach were stressed by participants, suggesting that a combination of group and individual sessions might be a good practice. Trial registration number ISRCTN92582254; Results.
Source: BMJ Open - September 18, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chouliara, N., Lincoln, N. B. Tags: Open access, Qualitative research, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

MassDevice.com +5 | The top 5 medtech stories for August 18, 2017
Say hello to MassDevice +5, a bite-sized view of the top five medtech stories of the day. This feature of MassDevice.com’s coverage highlights our 5 biggest and most influential stories from the day’s news to make sure you’re up to date on the headlines that continue to shape the medical device industry. Get this in your inbox everyday by subscribing to our newsletters.   5. Study: New infrared imaging technique could help detect heart attack, stroke risk A new near-infrared diagnostic technique could help improve early detection for patients at risk of heart attacks or strokes, according to a new ...
Source: Mass Device - August 18, 2017 Category: Medical Devices Authors: MassDevice Tags: News Well Plus 5 Source Type: news

Comment A new era of multiple sclerosis rehabilitation: lessons from stroke
Just over 20 years ago, no treatments were available for multiple sclerosis, a disease characterised by two overlapping processes of nervous system injury: inflammatory destruction of myelin and neurodegeneration of grey and white matter.1 Disease-modifying drugs, particularly the new oral medications, have changed the prognosis of multiple sclerosis, contributing to increased periods of disease stability and greater potential for rehabilitative therapies to reduce impairment.2 In The Lancet Neurology, Robert Motl and colleagues3 argue that exercise can be a beneficial rehabilitation strategy for people with multiple scler...
Source: Lancet Neurology - September 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Michelle Ploughman Tags: Comment Source Type: research

A new era of multiple sclerosis rehabilitation: lessons from stroke
Publication date: October 2017 Source:The Lancet Neurology, Volume 16, Issue 10 Author(s): Michelle Ploughman
Source: The Lancet Neurology - September 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back.
Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, and pathogens from entering the brain. At the same time, the BBB regulates transport of molecules into and out of the central nervous system (CNS), which maintains tightly controlled chemical composition of the neuronal milieu that is required for proper neuronal functioning. In this review, we first examine molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the establishment of the BBB. Then, we focus on BBB transport physiology, endothelial and pericyte transporters, and perivascular and paravascular transport. Next, we discuss ...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 4, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Sweeney MD, Zhao Z, Montagne A, Nelson AR, Zlokovic BV Tags: Physiol Rev Source Type: research

The Potential of Stem Cell Therapy to Repair White Matter Injury in Preterm Infants: Lessons Learned From Experimental Models
Diffuse white matter injury (dWMI) is a major cause of morbidity in the extremely preterm born infant leading to life-long neurological impairments, including deficits in cognitive, motor, sensory, psychological and behavioral functioning. At present, no treatment options are clinically available to combat dWMI and therefore exploring novel strategies is urgently needed. In recent years, the pathophysiology underlying dWMI has slowly started to be unraveled, pointing towards the disturbed maturation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) as a key mechanism. Immature OL precursor cells in the developing brain are believed to be highly s...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 8, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research