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Cerebral Thrombosis and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Abstract Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are acquired clonal disorders characterized by the proliferation of bone marrow myeloid cells. Different somatic mutations have been recently associated with MPN, the most common being JAK-2 V617F. Among MPN, polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia are particularly associated with an increased risk to develop thrombotic complications, either arterial or venous. Cerebrovascular events (stroke and transient ischemic attacks) are prevalent, accounting for approximately two-thirds of all events. Also cerebral vein thrombosis can complicate MPN and can be the first m...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - September 14, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Vascular disruption and blood–brain barrier dysfunction in intracerebral hemorrhage
This article reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the initial hemorrhage and secondary blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in primary spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in adults. Multiple etiologies are associated with ICH, for example, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular malformations and coagulopathies (genetic or drug-induced). After the initial bleed, there can be continued bleeding over the first 24 hours, so-called hematoma expansion, which is associated with adverse outcomes. A number of clinical trials are focused on trying to limit such expansion. Significant progress has ...
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - August 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Hippocampal perivascular spaces are related to aging and blood pressure but not to cognition
Abstract: The risk factors of hippocampal dilated perivascular spaces (H-dPVS), their radiological relevance and their impact on cognitive performance remain under investigation. These aspects were evaluated in 1818 stroke- and dementia-free participants enrolled in the 3C-Dijon MRI study, using logistic regression, multiple linear regression, and Cox models. At study entry, the load of H-dPVS was found strongly associated with age and hypertension (degree 2 vs. degree 0: odds ratio: 1.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.33 and odds ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.39–2.81, respectively) and positively related t...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - March 24, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ming Yao, Yi-cheng Zhu, Aïcha Soumaré, Carole Dufouil, Bernard Mazoyer, Christophe Tzourio, Hugues Chabriat Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Pre-Existing Dementia in Octagenerians with Acute Ischemic Stroke
To investigate the prevalance of pre-existing dementia and vascular risk factors in hospitalized octaganerians with acute ischemic stroke. Study subjects were selected from neurology inpatient records of Haseki Research and Education Hospital and included inpatients over 80 years old with acute ischemic stroke between January 2010 and July 2013. Their medical records were reviewed, and the rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation and dementia were calculated.
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - December 10, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Birgul Bastan, Sefer Gunaydin, Belgin P. Balci, Hurtan Ozacar, Ozlem Cokar, Feriha Ozer Tags: Meeting Abstracts Source Type: research

Substantial effects of apolipoprotein E ε4 on memory decline in very old age: longitudinal findings from a population-based sample
We examined associations between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele and levels of performance and rates of change in cognition in late life taking incident dementia into account. The sample consisted of 482 nondemented individuals, aged 80 years and older at baseline, drawn from the OCTO twin study. A battery of 10 cognitive tests was administered at 5 occasions with measurements intervals of 2 years. We fitted hierarchical linear models with time specified as time to death and controlled for baseline age, sex, education, stroke, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and incident dementia. The ε4 allele was ...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - July 15, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marcus Praetorius, Valgeir Thorvaldsson, Linda B. Hassing, Boo Johansson Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Therapeutic Perspective for Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which can be cultured in vitro from mononuclear cells in peripheral blood or bone marrow, express both hematopoietic stem cell and endothelial cell markers on their surface. They are believed to participate in endothelial repair and postnatal angiogenesis due to their abilities of differentiating into endothelial cells and secreting protective cytokines and growth factors. Mounting evidence suggests that circulating EPCs are reduced and dysfunctional in various diseases including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke. Therefore, EPCs have ...
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - December 11, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao YH, Yuan B, Chen J, Feng DH, Zhao B, Qin C, Chen YF Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

A cloudy story: Guillain–Barré syndrome concealed by a spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
We present a case of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), probably associated with influenza vaccine, occurring in a patient some days after a spontaneous haemorrhagic stroke. A 79-year-old woman was admitted to the neurosurgery department after a sudden severe headache, dizziness, and progressive generalised weakness. She had a history of hypertension and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in dicumarolic therapy. Head CT scan showed a haemorrhagic stroke in left cerebellum, with compression on the fourth ventricle.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 22, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: V. Mantero, L. De Toni Franceschini, L. Abate, F. Villa, A. Patruno, S. Jann, G. Citerio Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

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