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Specialty: Internal Medicine
Condition: Hypertension

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Total 432 results found since Jan 2013.

The glycocalyx and its significance in human medicine
Abstract Cells are covered by a surface layer of glycans that is referred to as the ‘glycocalyx’. In this review, we focus on the role of the glycocalyx in vascular diseases (atherosclerosis, stroke, hypertension, kidney disease and sepsis) and cancer. The glycocalyx and its principal glycosaminoglycans [heparan sulphate (HS) and hyaluronic acid (HA)] and core proteins (syndecans and glypicans) are degraded in vascular diseases, leading to a breakdown of the vascular permeability barrier, enhanced access of leucocytes to the arterial intima that propagate inflammation and alteration of endothelial mechanotransduction m...
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - January 8, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: J. M. Tarbell, L. M. Cancel Tags: Review Source Type: research

Obesity, Fitness, Hypertension, and Prognosis
Obesity has many adverse effects on cardiovascular risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, as well as on cardiovascular structure and function. Therefore, it is not surprising that the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is markedly increased in the setting of overweight and obesity. Considering that increased fat accumulation causes increases in total blood volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output, it is expected that obesity markedly increases the prevalence of hypertension and places a heavy strain on the left and right sides of the heart, which not surpri...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - January 19, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Novel screening metric for the identification of at-risk peripheral artery disease patients using administrative claims data
The objective of this study was to develop a screening metric to identify undiagnosed patients at high risk of developing PAD using administrative data. Commercial claims data from 2010 to 2012 were utilized to develop and internally validate a PAD screening metric. Medicare data were used for external validation. The study population included adults, aged 30 years or older, with new cases of PAD identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis/procedure codes or the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes. Multivariate logistic regres...
Source: Vascular Medicine - January 27, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Bali, V., Yermilov, I., Coutts, K., Legorreta, A. P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Excessive Sleep and Lack of Sleep Are Associated With Slips and Falls in the Adult Korean Population: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
This study investigated the associations between sleep duration and falls among Korean adults in a wide range of age groups while adjusting for numerous confounding factors. Data collected from study participants ranging in age from 19 to 109 years old were analyzed from the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS). Sleep duration was divided into 5 groups: ≤5, 6, 7, 8, and ≥9 hours per day. The relations between sleep duration and falls (≥1 time or ≥2 times per year) were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling. Age, sex, days of vigorous or moderate physical activ...
Source: Medicine - January 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Obstructive sleep apnea risk and psychological health among non-Hispanic blacks in the Metabolic Syndrome Outcome (MetSO) cohort study.
Conclusion Our results suggest that non-Hispanic blacks with metabolic syndrome who experience anxiety and/or depression should be screened for OSA. Key messages This study assessed associations of moderate to severe depression and anxiety with risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among non-Hispanic blacks with metabolic syndrome. Patients with depression had nearly two-fold increased odds of being at risk for OSA. Patients with anxiety had three-fold increased odds of being at risk for OSA. PMID: 26593384 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Ann Med Source Type: research

Association Between Tuberculosis and Parkinson Disease: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract: Few studies have investigated the association between tuberculosis (TB) and Parkinson disease (PD). This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study investigated the risk of PD in patients with TB. We selected patients newly diagnosed with TB (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification: 011) from 2000 to 2009 in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database as the TB cohort. The comparison cohort (the non-TB cohort) was frequency matched to the TB cohort at a ratio of 4:1 by sex, age, and the index date. We analyzed the risks of PD by using Cox proportional hazar...
Source: Medicine - February 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Diabetes and new-onset atrial fibrillation in a hypertensive population.
Conclusion Diabetes was modestly associated with new-onset AF in hypertensive patients with no ischemic vascular disease. Among diabetic patients, only obesity reached significance in its association with this arrhythmia. Key Messages Diabetes modestly associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients with no ischemic vascular disease. In the subgroup of patients with diabetes, only obesity reached significance in its association with atrial fibrillation. PMID: 26939743 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Medicine - March 6, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Ann Med Source Type: research

The tobacco paradox in acute coronary syndrome. The prior cessation of smoking as a marker of a better short-term prognosis
Conclusions The tobacco paradox is a finding that could be explained by other prognostic factors. Smoking cessation prior to hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome is associated with a better prognosis.
Source: Revista Clinica Espanola - May 20, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

In hypertensive patients with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, targeting systolic blood pressure to less than 120 mm Hg significantly reduces the rate of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events as well as death from any cause
Commentary on: Wright JT, Williamson JD, Whelton PK, et al.., SPRINT Research Group. A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2103–16. Context Hypertension is among the most significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet there is considerable debate on the optimal blood pressure (BP) goal. Observational studies1 and the ACCORD trial2 suggest a target organ heterogeneity in that with lower systolic BP goals (<120 mm Hg) the risk of cerebrovascular events are reduced, but not coronary events. As such, systolic BP goals of <130, <...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Owlia, M., Bangalore, S. Tags: Geriatric medicine, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Ischaemic heart disease, Renal medicine Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Effect of eplerenone on the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and arterial stiffness in patients with resistant arterial hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS    Our results provide evidence for the clinical significance of eplerenone, not only as an antihypertensive medication but also as a drug that may reduce the severity of OSA and arterial stiffness in patients with RAH and OSA. PMID: 27230560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej - May 28, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Pol Arch Med Wewn Source Type: research

Hypertension, the Swedish Patient Register, and Selection Bias
In Reply We recently reported that high body mass index (BMI) and low aerobic fitness in a large cohort of 18-year-old Swedish men were associated with increased risk of hypertension in adulthood. Hypertension was ascertained using all inpatient diagnoses nationwide throughout the study period (1969-2012) and outpatient diagnoses from all specialty clinics between 2001 and 2012. We indicated that hypertension was therefore underreported because we lacked outpatient data before 2001 or from primary care clinics. Dr Brunström raises the question of whether our findings may be attributable to the known associations between h...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - June 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Prediction of future development of cardiovascular disease with an equation to estimate apolipoprotein B: A community-based cohort study
Abstract: Apolipoprotein B (apoB) has additional benefits over conventional lipid measurements in predicting future cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to validate the clinical relevance of our equation to estimate apoB in a large-scale, prospective, community-based cohort study (Ansung-Ansan cohort study). A total of 9001 Korean subjects were assessed. We excluded subjects with history of CVD (n = 228), taking lipid-lowering medications (n = 51), and those whose outcome data were not available (n = 33). Finally, a total of 8713 subjects (4126 men and 4587 women) with a mean age of 52.2 years were enrolled and followed...
Source: Medicine - June 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Daytime sleepiness is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in rural area of China: A cross-sectional study.
CONCLUSIONS: Daytime sleepiness, but not sleep duration abnormity, snoring, apnea and sleep disruption was an independent risk factor for Hhcy. PMID: 27321249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - June 15, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Zhang N, Chen S, Chen Y, Guo X, Sun G, Qian H, Sun Y Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

Targeting blood pressure in people with diabetes mellitus.
Authors: Brimble KS Abstract Hypertension is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular (CV)-related morbidity and mortality, and its treatment has been shown to be beneficial. Hypertension is common in people with diabetes mellitus, and the combination of these conditions markedly increases CV risk in comparison with individuals with neither condition. Although there is increasing clarity as to blood pressure (BP) targets in numerous conditions, the target in people with diabetes remains unclear, and, as a result, many clinical practice guidelines differ on the optimal BP goal. The ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovas...
Source: Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej - July 2, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Pol Arch Med Wewn Source Type: research

The use of proton pump inhibitors decreases the risk of diabetes mellitus in patients with upper gastrointestinal disease: A population-based retrospective cohort study
Conclusions: Our results demonstrated a decreased risk of DM in UGID patients who used PPIs; the risk appeared to be significantly dose-dependent.
Source: Medicine - July 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research