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Scurfy Mice Develop Features of Connective Tissue Disease Overlap Syndrome and Mixed Connective Tissue Disease in the Absence of Regulatory T Cells
Discussion Treg represent a lineage of T cells which play a fundamental role in maintaining humoral tolerance in the periphery. This subset of “suppressor T cells” is identified as FoxP3-expressing CD4+ T cells (16, 17). The unrestrained expression of FoxP3 is essential for the development and function of Treg (4). Accordingly, a disruption of the Foxp3 gene in scurfy mice results in an autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder with fatal multi-organ inflammation (18). Since the causative mutation occurs in orthologous genes, the scurfy phenotype is indicated as the murine equivalent of the human IPEX sy...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Dermatomyositis-like syndrome revealing statin-induced necrotizing autoimmune myopathy with anti-HMGCR antibodies.
CONCLUSION: Dermatologists must be able to recognise this rare entity of "pseudo-dermatomyositis" and then discontinue statin intake if present and carry out further investigations consisting of muscle biopsy and serological tests. PMID: 30929872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie - March 27, 2019 Category: Dermatology Authors: Merlant M, Fite C, Kottler D, Maisonobe L, Dossier A, Deschamps L, Descamps V Tags: Ann Dermatol Venereol Source Type: research

Inflammatory myopathies
We report a patient with clinical scleroderma presenting with subacute myopathy with lymphoid follicle on muscle histology. A 29-year-old female with scleroderma confirmed by clinical criteria and skin biopsy, using colchicine, presented with subacute proximal muscle weakness associated with dysphagia and dropped head without CK elevation, but EMG/NCS demonstrated myopathic findings.
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - September 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Silva, M. Vianna, R. Mendon ça, E. Zanoteli Source Type: research

A study of acute muscle dysfunction with particular reference to dengue myopathy
Conclusion: Dengue infection and hypokalemia due to various causes are the most common causes of acute myopathy and are associated with rapid and complete recovery within 1 month. Shorter duration of illness, higher MRC sum score, better disability status at presentation, lower serum CK correlate with better outcome. Biopsy was decisive in <20% cases; hence, it is not primary investigation in acute myopathy.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - February 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Rajesh Verma Vikram V Holla Vijay Kumar Amita Jain Nuzhat Husain Kiran Preet Malhotra Ravindra Kumar Garg Hardeep Singh Malhotra Praveen Kumar Sharma Neeraj Kumar Source Type: research

Meeting the challenges in the diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies.
Authors: Manie M Abstract Inflammatory myopathy (IM) is a rubric term to describe a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases typified by dermatomyositis and polymyositis. The current classifications are unsatisfactory, but IM associated with other connective tissue diseases (CTDs), such as systemic lupus erythematosus, underlying malignancy and HIV, should also be included. Although uncommon, IM should always be considered in a patient who presents with proximal weakness of gradual onset and has raised serum muscle enzymes. The diagnosis may be obvious if the patient has diagnostic skin signs such as heliotropic rash...
Source: South African Medical Journal - March 6, 2016 Category: African Health Tags: S Afr Med J Source Type: research

Myositis-specific autoantibodies are specific for myositis compared to genetic muscle disease
Conclusions: The MSAs tested for in this study are highly specific for autoimmune muscle disease and are rarely, if ever, found in patients who only have genetic muscle disease. In patients with genetic muscle disease, the presence of a MSA should suggest the possibility of a coexisting autoimmune process.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - November 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mammen, A. L., Casciola-Rosen, L., Christopher-Stine, L., Lloyd, T. E., Wagner, K. R. Tags: All Immunology, Autoimmune diseases, All Neuromuscular Disease, Muscle disease Article Source Type: research