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Specialty: Epidemiology
Condition: Heart Disease
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Total 200 results found since Jan 2013.
Cross-country variation in additive effects of socio-economics, health behaviors, and comorbidities on subjective health of patients with diabetes
Conclusion:
Countries show different profiles of social and behavioral determinants of subjective health among patients with diabetes. Our study suggests that universal programs that assume that determinants of well-being are similar across different countries may be over-simplistic. Thus instead of universal programs that use one protocol for health promotion of patients in all countries, locally designed interventions should be implemented in each country.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 21, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Shervin Assari Source Type: research
Birth Weight, Physical Morbidity, and Mortality: A Population-based Sibling-Comparison Study
Associations between low birth weight (≤2,500 g) and increased risk of mortality and morbidity provided the foundation for the "developmental origins of health and disease" hypothesis. Previous between-family studies could not control for unmeasured confounders. Therefore, we compared differentially exposed siblings to estimate the extent to which the associations were due to uncontrolled factors. Our population cohort included 3,291,773 persons born in Sweden from 1973 to 2008. Analyses controlled for gestational age, among other covariates, and considered birth weight as both an ordinal and a continuous variable. Outc...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - February 18, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Class, Q. A., Rickert, M. E., Lichtenstein, P., D'Onofrio, B. M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
A Large Prospective Investigation of Sleep Duration, Weight Change, and Obesity in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort
The relationship between sleep and obesity or weight gain in adults, particularly older populations, remains unclear. In a cohort of 83,377 US men and women aged 51–72 years, we prospectively investigated the association between self-reported sleep duration and weight change over an average of 7.5 years of follow-up (1995–2004). Participants were free of cancer, heart disease, and stroke at baseline and throughout the follow-up. We observed an inverse association between sleep duration per night and weight gain in both men (P for trend = 0.02) and women (P for trend < 0.001). Compared with 7–8 hours of...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 28, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xiao, Q., Arem, H., Moore, S. C., Hollenbeck, A. R., Matthews, C. E. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
Dietary Carbohydrates, Refined Grains, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Adults
The potential long-term association between carbohydrate intake and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear, especially among populations who habitually have high-carbohydrate diets. We prospectively examined intakes of carbohydrates and staple grains as well as glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to CHD among 117,366 Chinese women and men (40–74 years of age) without history of diabetes, CHD, stroke, or cancer at baseline in Shanghai, China. Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. Incident CHD cases were ascertained during follow-ups (in women, the mean was 9.8 year...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 9, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yu, D., Shu, X.-O., Li, H., Xiang, Y.-B., Yang, G., Gao, Y.-T., Zheng, W., Zhang, X. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
Populations and polypills: if yes, then how?
For industrialised countries, control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important achievement of biomedicine in the last half-century—certainly in terms of decrease in disease burden. The orderly sequence of research, surveillance, trials and implementation organised by cardiovascular scientists has led to a decline of 80% for both coronary heart disease and stroke in the USA and other countries since the 1960s.1 2 One crucial reason has been the discovery of successful interventions across the entire sequence of events from the source of risk factors to the patient with disease (figure 1). The biggest impa...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 4, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Cooper, R. S., Layden, J. Tags: Editor's choice Commentaries Source Type: research
A Large Prospective Investigation of Sleep Duration, Weight Change, and Obesity in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort.
Abstract
The relationship between sleep and obesity or weight gain in adults, particularly older populations, remains unclear. In a cohort of 83,377 US men and women aged 51-72 years, we prospectively investigated the association between self-reported sleep duration and weight change over an average of 7.5 years of follow-up (1995-2004). Participants were free of cancer, heart disease, and stroke at baseline and throughout the follow-up. We observed an inverse association between sleep duration per night and weight gain in both men (P for trend = 0.02) and women (P for trend < 0.001). Compared with 7-8 hours of...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - September 18, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xiao Q, Arem H, Moore SC, Hollenbeck AR, Matthews CE Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research
Developmental trajectories of body mass index throughout adulthood: evidence from the national population health survey
This study will apply group-based trajectory modeling to map adult body mass trajectories with an age axis spanning 18 to 64 years, based on the longitudinal data from Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey 1994 (n=17276). Group-based trajectory modeling is a powerful semi-parametric statistical approach that captures information about inter-individual differences within a large population. Risk factors (time-instable covariates) including gender and age cohort, and time-varying covariates such as diet, daily activities, education level, income, lifestyle (sleep, smoking, and alcohol), stress, and mental hea...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - September 7, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wang, M. Tags: Poster presentations Source Type: research
Vital signs: avoidable deaths from heart disease, stroke, and hypertensive disease - United States, 2001-2010.
Conclusions: Nearly one fourth of all cardiovascular disease deaths are avoidable. These deaths disproportionately occurred among non-Hispanic blacks and residents of the South. Persons aged <65 years had lower rates than those aged 65-74 years but still accounted for a considerable share of avoidable deaths and demonstrated less improvement. Implications for Public Health Practice: National, state, and local initiatives aimed at improving health-care systems and supporting healthy behaviors are essential to reducing avoidable heart disease, stroke, and hypertensive disease deaths. Strategies include promoting the ABCS ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - September 6, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research
Evidence Mapping: Methodological Foundations and Application to Epidemiologic Research on Sugar Sweetened Beverages and Health
Evidence maps are a new methodology that systematically characterizes the range of research activity in broad topic areas and are used to guide research priority setting, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. This methodology is currently underused in the field of epidemiology and has considerable potential to increase the efficiency of research efforts. The goal of this talk will be to demonstrate the usefulness of evidence mapping as a tool to systematically categorize study designs, populations, and outcome measures using as an example epidemiological research on sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) and four health outcomes...
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - August 20, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Michelle D. Althuis, Douglas L. Weed Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research
Leukemia, All Cancer, and Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk by Industry and Occupation in 23 US States, 1999, 2003-2004, 2007
Between 4-20% of cancer, 5-10% of heart disease/stroke, and 10% respiratory/other chronic disease have been attributed to occupation, but timely US surveillance data are scarce. Timely data are needed to identify new, or confirm existing risks for occupational cancer and chronic disease death and trends within industrial sectors and special populations.
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - August 20, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: C.F. Robinson, J.T. Walker, M.H. Sweeney, G. Calvert, P.K. Schumacher, J. Ju, S. Nowlin Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research
Effect of Comorbidities and Psychosocial Conditions on HRQOL After Lumbar Spinal Fusion
To investigate the association between comorbidities and its impact on HRQOL scores following spinal fusion surgery. The SF-36, ODI and rating scales (0 to 10) for back and leg pain were administered prospectively to patients who had lumbar spine fusion. Data on 12 medical (diabetes, heart disease, DVT/PVD, hypertension, cancer, kidney disease, asthma, autoimmune diseases, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and stroke) and 5 psychosocial conditions (depression, anxiety, obesity, smoking status, and worker's compensation status) were collected. A Generalized Linear Model was created to test the impact of these comorbidities on ...
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - August 20, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: N. Das, S.D. Glassman, M. Djurasovic, K.R. Bratcher, J.B. Nienhuis, L.Y. Carreon Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research
The Association of Plasma Lactate With Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes: The ARIC Study
We examined the association of plasma lactate at rest, a marker of oxidative capacity, with incident cardiovascular outcomes in 10,006 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study visit 4 (1996–1998). We used Cox proportional-hazards models to estimate hazard ratios of incident coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and all-cause mortality by quartiles of plasma lactate (Q1, ≤5.3 mg/dL; Q2, 5.4–6.6; Q3, 6.7–8.6; and Q4 ≥8.7). During a median follow-up time of 10.7 years, there were 1,105 coronary heart disease cases, 379 stroke cases, 820 heart failure cases, and 1,40...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - July 30, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Matsushita, K., Williams, E. K., Mongraw-Chaffin, M. L., Coresh, J., Schmidt, M. I., Brancati, F. L., Hoogeveen, R. C., Ballantyne, C. M., Young, J. H. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
Long- and Short-term Weight Change and Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Weight gain increases the prevalence of obesity, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, unintentional weight loss can be a harbinger of health problems. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (1987–2009) included 15,792 US adults aged 45–64 years at baseline and was used to compare associations of long-term (30 years) and short-term (3 years) weight change with the risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke. Age-, gender-, and race-standardized incidence rates were 4.9 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.6, 5.2) per 1,000 person-years for CHD and 2.5 (95% CI: 2.3, 2.8) per 1,...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - July 16, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Stevens, J., Erber, E., Truesdale, K. P., Wang, C.-H., Cai, J. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
Fish Intake and Risks of Total and Cause-specific Mortality in 2 Population-based Cohort Studies of 134,296 Men and Women
Despite a proposed protective effect of fish intake on the risk of cardiovascular disease, epidemiologic evidence on fish intake and mortality is inconsistent. We investigated associations of fish intake, assessed through a validated food frequency questionnaire, with risks of total and cause-specific mortality in 2 prospective cohort studies of 134,296 Chinese men and women (1997–2009). Vital status and date and cause of death were ascertained through annual linkage to the Shanghai Vital Statistics Registry database and biennial home visits. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and corresponding 95% co...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - July 2, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Takata, Y., Zhang, X., Li, H., Gao, Y.-T., Yang, G., Gao, J., Cai, H., Xiang, Y.-B., Zheng, W., Shu, X.-O. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research
Surveillance for certain health behaviors among States and selected local areas - United States, 2010.
This report presents results for 2010 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 192 MMSAs, and 302 counties. Results: In 2010, the estimated prevalence of high-risk health behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. In the following summary of results, each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behaviors, as reported by survey respondents. Adults reporting good or better health: 6...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - May 31, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xu F, Town M, Balluz LS, Bartoli WP, Murphy W, Chowdhury PP, Garvin WS, Pierannunzi C, Zhong Y, Salandy SW, Jones CK, Crawford CA, Division of Behavioral Surveillance, Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, CDC Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research
