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COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review
ConclusionNeurological manifestations of COVID-19 vary from mild (e.g. loss of taste and smell, dizziness, headache) to severe (e.g. ischemic stroke, encephalitis). Underlying pathways are suggested to be both indirect (as a result of thrombotic complication, inflammatory consequences, hypoxia, blood pressure dysregulation), and direct (neurotropic properties of the virus). Since most articles were opinion papers and no studies have been conducted on cognitive consequences, further research is warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - August 20, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Neurologic Involvement in COVID-19: Cause or Coincidence? A Neuroimaging Perspective ADULT BRAIN
SUMMARY: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shaken hospitals worldwide. Some authors suggest that neurologic involvement could further complicate the disease. This descriptive study is a cross-sectional review of 103 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who underwent neuroimaging (of a total of 2249 patients with COVID-19 in our center). Analyzed variables were neurologic symptoms and acute imaging findings. The most frequent symptoms that motivated neuroimaging examinations were mild nonfocal neurologic symptoms, code stroke (refers to patients presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke...
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - August 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Pons-Escoda, A., Naval-Baudin, P., Majos, C., Camins, A., Cardona, P., Cos, M., Calvo, N. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Neurological emergencies associated with COVID-19: stroke and beyond
We report five cases of COVID-19 presenting to the ER with acute neurological symptoms, over the course of 1  month. This includes two cases of ischemic stroke, one with large-vessel occlusion and one with embolic infarcts. The remainders of the cases include acute tumefactive demyelination, isolated cytotoxic edema of the corpus callosum with subarachnoid hemorrhage, and posterior reversible encephalopat hy syndrome (PRES).
Source: Emergency Radiology - August 10, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Looking ahead: The risk of neurologic complications due to COVID-19
The rapid spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become a public health emergency of international concern. The outbreak was characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The most characteristic symptom of patients with COVID-19 is respiratory distress. Some patients may also show neurologic signs and symptoms ranging from headache, nausea, vomiting, and confusion to anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis, and stroke. Coronaviruses are known pathogens with neuroinvasive potential. There is increasing evidence that coronavirus i...
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - August 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Perez, C. A. Tags: Viral infections, All global neurology, Public health, COVID-19 Commentary Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description
We describe pathological and radiological data consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endotheliopathy with a haemorrhagic predisposition.
Source: Brain - July 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations in Covid-19: A Review
Ravindra K GargNeurology India 2020 68(3):560-572 COVID-19, in most patients, presents with mild flu-like illness. Elderly patients with comorbidities, like hypertension, diabetes, or lung and cardiac disease, are more likely to have severe disease and deaths. Neurological complications are frequently reported in severely or critically ill patients with comorbidities. In COVID-19, both central and peripheral nervous systems can be affected. The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes the disease COVID-19 and has the potential to invade the brain. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the brain either via a hematogenous route or olfactory system. A...
Source: Neurology India - July 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ravindra K Garg Source Type: research

Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review
ConclusionsNeurological manifestations of COVID-19 are not rare, especially large vessel stroke, Guillain –Barre syndrome, and meningoencephalitis. Moving forward, further studies are needed to clarify the prevalence of the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, investigate their biological backgrounds, and test treatment options. Physicians should be cautious not to overlook other neurol ogical diagnoses that can mimic COVID-19 during the pandemic.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 18, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Understanding the neurotropic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms
AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by the novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic threat. The potential involvement of COVID-19 in central nervous system (CNS) has attracted considerable attention due to neurological manifestations presented throughout the disease process. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 is structurally similar to SARS-CoV, and both bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter human cells. Thus, cells expressing ACE2, such as neurons and glial cells may act as targets and are thus vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we have reviewed ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Medical and Paramedical Care of Patients With Cerebellar Ataxia During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Seven Practical Recommendations of the COVID 19 Cerebellum Task Force
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the cause of the current pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), primarily targets the respiratory system. Some patients also experience neurological signs and symptoms ranging from anosmia, ageusia, headache, nausea, and vomiting to confusion, encephalitis, and stroke. Approximately 36% of those with severe COVID-19 experience neurological complications. The virus may enter the central nervous system through the olfactory nerve in the nasal cavity and damage neurons in the brainstem nuclei involved in the regulation of respiration. Patients with cerebe...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MEDICAL AND PARAMEDICAL CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CEREBELLAR ATAXIA DURING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK: 7 PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS The COVID 19 Cerebellum Task Force
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the cause of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), primarily targets the respiratory system. Some patients also experience neurologic signs and symptoms ranging from anosmia, ageusia, headache, nausea and vomiting to confusion, encephalitis and stroke. Approximately 36% of those with severe COVID-19 experience neurological complications. The virus may enter the central nervous system through the olfactory nerve in the nasal cavity and damage neurons in the brainstem nuclei involved in the regulation of respiration. Patients with cerebellar ataxia (CA) ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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