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Clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurological disorders. Updated report of an IFCN committee
Clin Neurophysiol. 2023 Mar 29;150:131-175. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.03.010. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2008;119(3):504-32) on clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in neurological diseases. Most TMS measures rely on stimulation of motor cortex and recording of motor evoked potentials. Paired-pulse TMS techniques, incorporating conventio...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Steve Vucic Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen Matthew C Kiernan Mark Hallett David H Benninger Vincenzo Di Lazzaro Paolo M Rossini Alberto Benussi Alfredo Berardelli Antonio Curr à Sandro M Krieg Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur Yew Long Lo Richard A Macdonell Marcello Mass Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021 Jun 8. doi: 10.2174/1570159X19666210608165509. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease (HD), epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI), depression and anxiety are responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide every year. With the increase in life expectancy, there has been a rise in the prevalence of these disorders. Age is one of the major risk factors for these neurological disorders and with the aged population is set to rise to 1.25 billion by 2050. There is a growing ...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - June 9, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Namrata Pramod Kulkarni Bhupesh Vaidya Acharan Narula Shyam Sunder Sharma Source Type: research

Yawning in neurology: a review
ABSTRACT Yawning is a stereotyped physiological behavior that can represent a sign or symptom of several conditions, such as stroke, parakinesia brachialis oscitans, parkinsonism, Parkinson ’ s disease and epilepsy. More rarely, it can occur in patients with intracranial hypertension, brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, migraine, Chiari malformation type I, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Drug-induced yawning is an uncommon clinical condition and yawning in patients with autism or schizophrenia is very rare. The aim of this review is to describe in detail the occurrence of the phenomenon in such conditions, and its ’ p...
Source: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - July 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Raloxifene, a promising estrogen replacement, limits TDP-25 cell death by enhancing autophagy and suppressing apoptosis.
Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disease, and at present, therapies for ALS are limited. Estrogen is a potential therapeutic agent for ALS but has undesirable effects that might increase the risk of breast and uterine cancers or stroke. Raloxifene (Ral) has estrogenic properties but does not exhibit these adverse effects. However, the mechanism of Ral in ALS has not been studied. We thus investigated the effects of Ral in an NSC34 model of ALS that stably expresses the 25-kDa C-terminal fragment of TDP-43 (i.e., TDP-25 cells) and found that GPR30 (G protein-coup...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhou F, Dong H, Liu Y, Yan L, Sun C, Hao P, Liu Y, Zhai J, Liu Y Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Proteostasis impairment in ALS.
Abstract In physiological conditions the maintenance of the cellular proteome is a prerequisite for optimal cell functioning and cell survival. Additionally, cells need to constantly sense and adapt to their changing environment and associated stressors. Cells achieve this via a set of molecular chaperones, protein clearance pathways as well as stress-associated signaling networks which work together to prevent protein misfolding, its aggregation and accumulation in subcellular compartments. These processes together form the proteostasis network which helps in maintaining cellular proteostasis. Imbalance or impair...
Source: Brain Research - March 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ruegsegger C, Saxena S Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research