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Stroke Mimics in the Acute Setting: Role of Multimodal CT Protocol ADULT BRAIN
CONCLUSIONS: Multimodal CT demonstrated low sensitivity but high specificity in the diagnosis of stroke mimics in the acute setting. The high specificity of multimodal CT allows ruling out stroke and thereby avoiding unnecessary revascularization treatment in patients with diagnosis of a stroke mimic.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - February 4, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Prodi, E., Danieli, L., Manno, C., Pagnamenta, A., Pravata, E., Roccatagliata, L., Städler, C., Cereda, C. W., Cianfoni, A. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Non-traumatic pediatric intracranial hypertension: key points for different etiologies, diagnosis, and treatment
AbstractIntracranial hypertension can be an acute life-threatening event or slowly deteriorating condition, leading to a gradual loss of neurological function. The diagnosis should be taken in a timely fashioned process, which mandates expedite measures to save brain function and sometimes life. An optimal management strategy is selected according to the causative etiology with a core treatment paradigm that can be utilized in various etiologies. Distinct etiologies are intracranial bleeds caused by traumatic brain injury, spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (e.g., neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage), or the rare pediatr...
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - April 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Conveniently-Grasped Field Assessment Stroke Triage (CG-FAST): A Modified Scale to Detect Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Conclusions: CG-FAST scale could be an effective and simple scale for accurate identification of LVOS among AIS patients. Introduction Large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) often leads to severe disability and mortality. Although endovascular therapy (EVT) has been proved to be effective for LVOS patients (1–9), especially in anterior circulation, its benefit is highly time-dependent (10, 11). As hospitals with around-the-clock endovascular capability are scarce in many parts of the world and patients admitted directly to a CSC would have better outcomes than those receiving drip and ship treatment (12, 13), t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Severe Symptoms, but a Truly Treatable Disease
​BY NOURA MAHDI; DARRON LEWIS; JEREMY OSBORNE; & AHMED RAZIUDDIN, MDA 73-year-old man was brought to the emergency department from his nursing home for rectal bleeding and anemia. The patient mentioned he had had episodes of bright red rectal bleeding and constipation for a few months. A colonoscopy had been done prior to the visit, which revealed a large intestine tumor and biopsy confirming adenocarcinoma. He was awaiting an appointment with his surgeon.The patient reported bloody rectal leakage, and a CBC done at the nursing home showed a hemoglobin level of 7.2. He also complained of dyspnea but denied any other ...
Source: The Case Files - March 20, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

Giant-Cell Arteritis Presenting as Isolated Bilateral CN-VI Palsies: A Rare Case Report of a 65 Year Male. (P2.378)
Conclusions:GCA is the most prevalent systemic vasculitis in the elderly. It can present with a wide variety of symptoms ranging from fatigue, headache, visual loss, and even stroke. However as noted in this case, isolated CN-VI palsy can be a very rare, early manifestation of GCA. As GCA responds well to corticosteroid therapy, prompt diagnosis and treatment is critical to prevent and/or limit neurologic sequelae. As highlighted by this case, in the event of recurrent incidents and absence of other diagnosis; GCA should be considered even if headache is absent.Disclosure: Dr. Lunagariya has nothing to disclose. Dr. Patel ...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lunagariya, A., Patel, U., Kotadiya, F., Wilson, C. Tags: CNS Inflammatory Diseases and Differential Diagnosis II Source Type: research

French Intensive Care Society, International congress - Réanimation 2016.
C, Sauneuf B, Verrier P, Pottier V, Orabona M, Samba D, Viquesnel G, Lermuzeaux M, Hazera P, Hanouz JL, Parienti JJ, Du Cheyron D, Demoule A, Clavel M, Rolland-Debord C, Perbet S, Terzi N, Kouatchet A, Wallet F, Roze H, Vargas F, Guérin C, Dellamonica J, Jaber S, Similowski T, Quenot JP, Binquet C, Vinsonneau C, Barbar SD, Vinault S, Deckert V, Lemaire S, Hssain AA, Bruyère R, Souweine B, Lagrost L, Adrie C, Jung B, Daurat A, De Jong A, Chanques G, Mahul M, Monnin M, Molinari N, Lheureux O, Trepo E, Hites M, Cotton F, Wolff F, Surin R, Créteur J, Vincent JL, Gustot T, Jacobs F, Taccone FS, Neuville M, Timsit JF, El-Hel...
Source: Australian Family Physician - May 31, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jaillette E, Girault C, Brunin G, Zerimech F, Chiche A, Broucqsault-Dedrie C, Fayolle C, Minacori F, Alves I, Barrailler S, Robriquet L, Delaporte E, Thellier D, Delcourte C, Duhamel A, Nseir S, Valette X, Desmeulles I, Savary B, Masson R, Seguin A, Daubi Tags: Ann Intensive Care Source Type: research

Therapeutically Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Corrects Myogenic Reactivity in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Vascular smooth muscle cell TNFα and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling significantly enhance cerebral artery tone in SAH; anti-TNFα and anti–sphingosine-1-phosphate treatment may significantly improve clinical outcome.
Source: Stroke - July 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Yagi, K., Lidington, D., Wan, H., Fares, J. C., Meissner, A., Sumiyoshi, M., Ai, J., Foltz, W. D., Nedospasov, S. A., Offermanns, S., Nagahiro, S., Macdonald, R. L., Bolz, S.-S. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Other Stroke Treatment - Medical, Other Vascular biology Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Monitoring in Non-TBI Patients: Special Considerations
Abstract The effect of intracranial pressure (ICP) and the role of ICP monitoring are best studied in traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, a variety of acute neurologic illnesses e.g., subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, meningitis/encephalitis, and select metabolic disorders, e.g., liver failure and malignant, brain tumors can affect ICP. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature about ICP monitoring in conditions other than TBI and to provide recommendations how the technique may be used in patient management. A PubMed search between 1980 and September 2013 identifie...
Source: Neurocritical Care - September 11, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical application of perfusion computed tomography in neurosurgery.
Conclusions Perfusion CT provides quantitative and qualitative data that can add diagnostic and prognostic value in a number of neurosurgical disorders, and also help with clinical decision making. With emerging new technical developments in PCT, such as characterization of blood-brain barrier permeability and whole-brain PCT, this technique is expected to provide more and more insight into the pathophysiology of many neurosurgical conditions. PMID: 24266541 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - November 22, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Huang AP, Tsai JC, Kuo LT, Lee CW, Lai HS, Tsai LK, Huang SJ, Chen CM, Chen YS, Chuang HY, Wintermark M Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research