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Curcumin induces radiosensitivity of in vitro and in vivo cancer models by modulating pre-mRNA processing factor 4 (Prp4).
Abstract Radiation therapy plays a central role in adjuvant strategies for the treatment of both pre- and post-operative human cancers. However, radiation therapy has low efficacy against cancer cells displaying radio-resistant phenotypes. Ionizing radiation has been shown to enhance ROS generation, which mediates apoptotic cell death. Further, concomitant use of sensitizers with radiation improves the efficiency of radiotherapy against a variety of human cancers. Here, the radio-sensitizing effect of curcumin (a derivative of turmeric) was investigated against growth of HCT-15 cells and tumor induction in C57BL/6...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 18, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shehzad A, Park JW, Lee J, Lee YS Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

Acquired resistance to cetuximab is associated with the overexpression of Ras family members and the loss of radiosensitization in head and neck cancer cells
Conclusion: Targeting Ras and PI3K activity improves the outcome of irradiation in cetuximab-resistant HNSCC cell lines in vitro.
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - July 29, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Mohammad Saki, Mahmoud Toulany, H. Peter Rodemann Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Adaptive Response Diminishes Therapeutic Effectiveness
Adaptive responses can be induced in cells by very low doses of ionizing radiation resulting in an enhanced resistance to much larger exposures. The inhibitor of apoptosis protein, survivin, has been implicated in many adaptive responses to cellular stress. Computerized axial tomography used in image-guided radiotherapy to position and monitor tumor response uses very low radiation doses ranging from 0.5 to 100 mGy. We investigated the ability of these very low radiation doses administered along with two 2 Gy doses separated by 24 hours, a standard conventional radiotherapy dosing schedule, to initiate adaptive responses r...
Source: Cancer Research - July 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grdina, D. J., Murley, J. S., Miller, R. C., Mauceri, H. J., Sutton, H. G., Li, J. J., Woloschak, G. E., Weichselbaum, R. R. Tags: Therapeutics, Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: research

Estrogen Receptor Alpha regulates ATM expression through miRNAs in breast cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: We reveal a novel mechanism involving ERα and miRNA 18a and 106a regulation of ATM in breast cancer. PMID: 23857602 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - July 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Guo X, Yang C, Qian X, Lei T, Li Y, Shen H, Fu L, Xu B Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Role of moesin in hyaluronan induced cell migration in glioblastoma multiforme
Conclusions: Our results suggest that development of inhibitors which interfere with CD44-moesin interactions may open a new avenue in the future to mitigate cellular migration in gliomas.
Source: Molecular Cancer - July 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leroi DeSouzaAjay MattaZia KarimJoydeep MukherjeeX WangOlga KrakovskaGelareh ZadehAbhijit GuhaKW Siu Source Type: research

Activation of p53 with Nutlin-3a radiosensitizes lung cancer cells via enhancing radiation-induced premature senescence
Abstract: Radiotherapy is routinely used for the treatment of lung cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying ionizing radiation (IR)-induced senescence and its role in lung cancer treatment are poorly understood. Here, we show that IR suppresses the proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via an apoptosis-independent mechanism. Further investigations reveal that the anticancer effect of irradiation correlates well with IR-induced premature senescence, as evidenced by increased senescence-associated β-glactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, decreased BrdU incorporation and elevated expression of p16INK4...
Source: Lung Cancer - May 20, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hongmei Luo, Caroline Yount, Hainan Lang, Aimin Yang, Ellen C. Riemer, Katherine Lyons, Kenneth N. Vanek, Gerard A. Silvestri, Bradley A. Schulte, Gavin Y. Wang Tags: Carcinogenesis and molecular biology Source Type: research

Prospective of colon cancer treatments and scope for combinatorial approach to enhanced cancer cell apoptosis
Abstract: Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the western world. It is also the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States with a recent estimate for new cases of colorectal cancer in the year 2012 being around 103,170. Various risk factors for colorectal cancer include life-style, diet, age, personal and family history, and racial and ethnic background. While a few cancers are certainly preventable but this does not hold true for colon cancer as it is often detected in its advanced stage and generally not diagnosed until symptoms become apparent. Despite...
Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - October 24, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jayshree Mishra, Joseph Drummond, Sohel H. Quazi, Satya Sridhar Karanki, J.J. Shaw, Ben Chen, Narendra Kumar Source Type: research

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