Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A Surgical Approach to Pulmonary Metastasis in Children
Decisions regarding the role of surgery in pulmonary metastasis need to take into account histology and biology of the cancer. Response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, balanced with toxicities, factors into decisions about metastasectomy. The less sensitive the tumor is to adjuvant therapy, the more likely that metastasectomy may be beneficial. Broad principles include the following: the aims of resection are localized resections with clear margins, with the aim of preserving adequate lung volume; unnecessary toxic therapy sometimes is avoided with accurate diagnosis; tumor type is of utmost importance; and number of met...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 10, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Jonathan Karpelowksy, Guido Seitz Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Techniques in Pediatric Surgical Oncology
Minimally invasive approaches to pediatric cancer surgery are increasingly used, not only for the benefits of smaller incisions, but also for better field visualization and precise dissection. Advances in technology and surgeon experience have facilitated this trend. However, the appropriate indications for its use remain to be determined, and oncologic principles should not be compromised. We discuss the current and potential future uses, and new technologies that are being developed and introduced to assist with and enhance the role of minimally invasive surgery in the management of children with cancer. (Source: Surgica...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 10, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Marc W.H. Wijnen, Andrew M. Davidoff Source Type: research

Fertility Considerations in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Undergoing Cancer Therapy
Survivors of pediatric cancer are at increased risk for infertility and premature hormonal failure. Surgeons caring for children with cancer have an important role to play in understanding this risk, as well as advocating for and performing appropriate fertility preservation procedures. Fertility preservation options in males and females vary by pubertal status and include nonexperimental (oocyte harvest, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, sperm cryopreservation) and experimental (testicular tissue cryopreservation) options. This review summarizes the basics of risk assessment and fertility preservation options and explores ...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 10, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Timothy B. Lautz, Karen Burns, Erin E. Rowell Source Type: research

Management of Neuroblastoma in Pediatric Patients
Surgeons caring for patients with neuroblastoma must be familiar with recent developments in assessing risk. In particular, the Children ’s Oncology Group, along with major international groups, uses the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System as a risk assessment tool. Accurate risk determination is essential for optimal surgical therapy. Some tumors like neonatal adrenal neuroblastomas and those in the metastatic ca tegory can be observed. Very-low-risk and low-risk neuroblastomas can be treated with surgery alone. Intermediate-risk tumors also often require systemic chemotherapy (Source: Surgical Oncolog...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 10, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Nikke Croteau, Jed Nuchtern, Michael P. LaQuaglia Source Type: research

Pediatric Melanoma —Diagnosis, Management, and Anticipated Outcomes
Melanoma is the most common skin cancer in children, often presenting in an atypical fashion. The incidence of melanoma in children has been declining. The mainstay of therapy is surgical resection. Sentinel lymph node biopsy often is indicated to guide therapy and determine prognosis. Completion lymph node dissection is recommended in selective cases after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy. Those with advanced disease receive adjuvant systemic treatment. Because children are excluded from melanoma clinical trials, management is based on pediatric retrospective data and adult clinical trials. This review focuses on epide...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 3, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Jennifer H. Aldrink, Stephanie F. Polites, Mary Austin Source Type: research

Management of Germ Cell Tumors in Pediatric Patients
Germ cell tumors arise from primordial germ cells. Most develop in the gonads or along midline structures of the body. Genetic aberrations leading to disruption in the molecular signaling responsible for primordial germ cell migration early in development may provide rationale for why germ cell tumors originate in extragonadal locations. Establishing best practices for treating pediatric germ cell tumors remains an area of active investigation. Recent advances focused on limiting toxicities of therapy, identifying new therapies for relapsed and refractory tumors, defining best practices for surgical staging and resection, ...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 2, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Brent R. Weil, Deborah F. Billmire Source Type: research

Management of Adrenal Tumors in Pediatric Patients
Pediatric adrenal tumors are uncommon entities that are frequently occult and identified incidentally or by recognizing symptoms related to hormone overproduction. They often have a genetic underpinning, arise from the medulla or cortex, can be malignant or benign, and require precise diagnostic algorithms. However, pseudotumors must also be a diagnostic consideration. Therapeutic interventions and plans are tumor dependent, but surgery is a cornerstone of treatment. Ongoing surveillance after treatment, regardless of malignant determination, is of utmost importance as well. (Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - February 2, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Simone de Campos Vieira Abib, Christopher B. Weldon Source Type: research

Surgical Management of Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma) and Renal Cell Carcinoma in Children and Young Adults
This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and multimodality management of Wilms tumors and renal cell carcinoma in pediatric and young adults. Key renal Soci été Internationale d’Oncologie Pédiatrique and Children Oncology Group studies are presented. The article reviews the common staging systems and risk-adapted treatment strategies with particular attention to the surgical management. (Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - January 29, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Natalie M. Lopyan, Peter F. Ehrlich Source Type: research

Management of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in Pediatric Patients
Differentiated thyroid carcinomas are rare in young children but represent almost 10% of all malignancies diagnosed in older adolescents. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children is more likely to demonstrate nodal involvement and is associated with higher recurrence rates than seen in adults. Decisions regarding extent of surgical resection are based on clinical and radiologic features, cytology, and risk assessment. Total thyroidectomy and compartment-based resection of involved lymph node basins form the cornerstone of treatment. The use of molecular genetics to inform treatment strategies and the use of targeted th...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - January 29, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Emily Christison-Lagay, Reto M. Baertschiger Source Type: research

Management of Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the commonest soft tissue sarcoma in children. Clinicians need vigilance to recognize the different signs and symptoms this tumor can present with because of variable sites of origin. Diagnosis requires a safe biopsy that obtains sufficient tissue for pathologic, genetic, and biological characterization of the tumor. Treatment depends on accurate staging with imaging and surgical sampling of draining lymph nodes. A multidisciplinary team assigns patients to risk-based therapy. Patients require chemotherapy and usually a combination of complex, site-specific surgery and/or radiotherapy. Outcomes for loca...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - January 27, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Timothy N. Rogers, Roshni Dasgupta Source Type: research

Treatment Concepts and Challenges in Nonrhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Pediatric nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (NRSTSs) encompass a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors with more than 50 histologic variants. The incidence of NRSTS is greater than rhabdomyosarcoma; however, each histologic type is rare. The treatment schema for all NRSTSs is largely surgical. The treatment is a risk-adapted approach based on tumor size, localization, tumor grade, and presence of metastases. Low-grade tumors are mainly managed by surgery alone, whereas for high-grade tumors a multimodal treatment concept is necessary. The multimodal treatment consists of tumor biopsy, chemotherapy, local treatme...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - January 27, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Joerg Fuchs, Andreas Schmidt, Steven W. Warmann, David A. Rodeberg Source Type: research

An Overview of Liver Directed Locoregional Therapies
An overview of all liver-directed locoregional therapies, including surgical resection for melanoma liver metastases (MLMs), is provided. MLM patients are divided by their primary melanoma location; cutaneous, uvea (eye), and mucosal melanoma. If patients with isolated cutaneous MLMs are considered for surgical resection, treatment with systemic therapy should be part of the treatment course. For uveal MLMs, complete surgical or ablative treatment of all MLMs suggests superior results compared with other liver-directed or systemic therapies, based on current evidence, no recommendations for any liver-directed regional ther...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - November 19, 2020 Category: Surgery Authors: Diederik J. H öppener, Dirk J. Grünhagen, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Astrid A.M. van der Veldt, Cornelis Verhoef Source Type: research

Surgical Management of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
This article discusses considerations impacting our approach to patients with colorectal liver metastases and the role for various multimodal treatment options. (Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - November 19, 2020 Category: Surgery Authors: Chandrasekhar Padmanabhan, Daniel P. Nussbaum, Michael D ’Angelica Source Type: research

Surgical Management of Gynecologic Cancers
This article addresses the role of surgery in the management of gynecologic cancers with liver metastases. The authors review the short-term and long-term outcomes of aggressive resection through retrospective and randomized studies. Although the data supporting aggressive resection of liver metastasis are largely retrospective and case based, the randomized control data to address neoadjuvant versus chemotherapy have been widely criticized. Residual disease remains an important predictor for survival in ovarian cancer. If a patient cannot achieve near optimal cytoreduction, radical cytoreductive procedures, such as hepati...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - November 19, 2020 Category: Surgery Authors: Kiran H. Clair, Juliet Wolford, Jason A. Zell, Robert E. Bristow Source Type: research

Metastatic Liver Tumors: The Path to Disease-Free Survival
It has been a great honor to edit this issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America addressing the role of resection for liver metastases. It is a topic that has dominated my clinical and academic career for nearly 2 decades, and it is therefore near and dear to my heart. While the role of surgery for metastatic colorectal cancer has been well validated, the role of hepatic resection for other malignancies is less well studied. The lack of data is mostly due to the rarity of patients presenting with a pattern of disease that would even be considered for surgery and the diffuse systemic nature of most metastatic canc...
Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America - November 19, 2020 Category: Surgery Authors: Michael D'Angelica Tags: Preface Source Type: research