Radiological Physics and Technology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

RadiomicsJ: a library to compute radiomic features
AbstractDespite the widely recognized need for radiomics research, the development and use of full-scale radiomics-based predictive models in clinical practice remains scarce. This is because of the lack of well-established methodologies for radiomic research and the need to develop systems to support radiomic feature calculations and predictive model use. Several excellent programs for calculating radiomic features have been developed. However, there are still issues such as the types of image features, variations in the calculated results, and the limited system environment in which to run the program. Against this backg...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - July 6, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Development of a device that remotely removes a mask in the head and neck immobilization system: a prototype and demonstration experiment
In this study, a prototype device was developed to quickly remove the mask used to immobilize the head and neck by remotely releasing the quick fasteners. As a first step in investigating the usefulness of this prototype, we performed repeated removal tests and examined the accuracy of dose calculation. The results showed that the quick-release fasteners of a Type-S system (CIVCO Medical Solutions, Iowa, USA) could be removed remotely and accurately (success rate: 100%). Additionally, the dose errors in treatment planning were negligible (< 1.0%), and the gamma pass rate was equivalent (99.9%). Therefore, this protot...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - July 6, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Does residual ultrasound transmission gel affect the diagnostic ability of mammography?
This study aimed to assess whether residual ultrasound transmission gel (USTG) caused artifacts in mammography using a model 156 mammographic accreditation phantom and step phantom. Moreover, pig tissues with structures similar to those of the breast were imaged to assess whether USTG on the tissue appeared as a shadow on the mammogram, and how these shadows may be interpreted in clinical practice. The results showed that the visualization scores obtained for phantom mammograms decreased significantly for the fiber and mass samples after the application of USTG. Moreover, USTG on the tissues affected the visual evaluation ...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - July 4, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Patch-based artifact reduction for three-dimensional volume projection data of sparse-view micro-computed tomography
AbstractMicro-computed tomography (micro-CT) enables the non-destructive acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) morphological structures at the micrometer scale. Although it is expected to be used in pathology and histology to analyze the 3D microstructure of tissues, micro-CT imaging of tissue specimens requires a long scan time. A high-speed imaging method, sparse-view CT, can reduce the total scan time and radiation dose; however, it causes severe streak artifacts on tomographic images reconstructed with analytical algorithms due to insufficient sampling. In this paper, we propose an artifact reduction method for 3D volu...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - May 27, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

What are useful methods to reduce occupational radiation exposure among radiological medical workers, especially for interventional radiology personnel?
AbstractProtection against occupational radiation exposure in clinical settings is important. This paper clarifies the present status of medical occupational exposure protection and possible additional safety measures. Radiation injuries, such as cataracts, have been reported in physicians and staff who perform interventional radiology (IVR), thus, it is important that they use shielding devices (e.g., lead glasses and ceiling-suspended shields). Currently, there is no single perfect radiation shield; combinations of radiation shields are required. Radiological medical workers must be appropriately educated in terms of red...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - May 24, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

U-Net-based image segmentation of the whole heart and four chambers on pediatric X-ray computed tomography
This study aimed to determine whether a U-Net-based segmentation method could be used to automatically extract regions of the whole heart and atrioventricular regions from pediatric cardiac computed tomography images with high accuracy. Pediatric cardiac contrast computed tomography images with no abnormalities (n = 20; patient age, 0–13 years; mean 5 years) were used for segmentation of the whole heart and each atrioventricular region using U-Net. Segmentation accuracy was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient. The mean Dice similarity coefficient for the whole-heart segmentation was high at 0.95. There ...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - May 7, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Tooth detection for each tooth type by application of faster R-CNNs to divided analysis areas of dental panoramic X-ray images
This study aimed to propose a computerized method for detecting the tooth region for each tooth type as the initial stage in the development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme for dental panoramic X-ray images. Our database consists of 160 panoramic dental X-ray images obtained from 160 adult patients. To reduce false positives (FPs), the proposed method first extracts a rectangular area including all teeth from a dental panoramic X-ray image with a faster region using a convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN). From the rectangular area including all teeth, six divided areas are then extracted with Faster R-CNN...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - May 4, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research

The utility of using TACE-assisted software with CBCT in colonic diverticular bleeding without extravascular leakage
AbstractThe utility of three-dimensional (3D) imaging with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) during interventional radiology (IVR) in colonic diverticular bleeding was compared to that of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Additionally, to identify the responsible vessels in the absence of extravascular leakage using digital subtraction angiography, we examined the detection rate using software conventionally applied to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). The 3D images obtained by CECT before IVR did not clearly show the destroyed vessels, whereas the 3D images obtained by CBCT during IVR clearly...
Source: Radiological Physics and Technology - May 4, 2022 Category: Physics Source Type: research