A fast simulation method for radiation maps using interpolation in a virtual environment
In nuclear decommissioning, virtual simulation technology is a useful tool to achieve an effective
work process by using virtual environments to represent the physical and logical scheme of a real
decommissioning project. This technology is cost-saving and time-saving, with the capacity to
develop various decommissioning scenarios and reduce the risk of retrofitting. The method utilises a
radiation map in a virtual simulation as the basis for the assessment of exposure to a virtual
human. In this paper, we propose a fast simulation method using a known radiation source. The method
has a unique advantage over point ke...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 6, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Meng-Kun Li, Yong-Kuo Liu, Min-Jun Peng, Chun-Li Xie and Li-Qun Yang Source Type: research
Highlights of articles in this issue
Highlights of the articles in this issue are given in the PDF file. (Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 5, 2018 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Optimisation of environmental remediation: how to select and use the reference levels
A number of past industrial activities and accidents have resulted in the radioactive contamination
of large areas at many sites around the world, giving rise to a need for remediation. According to
the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA), such situations should be managed as existing exposure situations (ExESs). Control of
exposure to the public in ExESs is based on the application of appropriate reference levels (RLs)
for residual doses. The implementation of this potentially fruitful concept for the optimisation of
remediation in various regions ...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: M Balonov, L Chipiga, S Kiselev, M Sneve, T Yankovich and G Proehl Source Type: research
Harmonisation of standards for permissible radionuclide activity concentrations in foodstuffs in the
long term after the Chernobyl accident
The article critically examines the practice of post-Chernobyl standardisation of radionuclide
concentrations (mainly 137 Cs and 90 Sr) in food products (FPs) in the USSR and the successor
countries of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Recommendations are given on potential harmonisation of
these standards of radionuclide concentrations in FPs among the three countries, taking into account
substantial international experience. We propose to reduce the number of product groups for
standardisation purposes from the current amount of several dozens to three to five groups to
optimise radiation control and increase the transp...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: M Balonov, V Kashparov, A Nikolaenko, V Berkovskyy and S Fesenko Source Type: research
Obituary —Charles Boyd Meinhold (1934–2017)
Description unavailable (Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: S James Adelstein and Kenneth R Kase Source Type: research
Estimation of lung absorption parameters for oxides of 238 Pu
Following inhalation of an aerosol of relatively insoluble particles, it is usually found that the
fractional dissolution rate of material retained in the lungs decreases with time, and the amount
remaining undissolved can be represented simply by a decreasing exponential function with two or
more components. A few exceptions are known, in which the dissolution rate increases with time. The
most important in the context of radiological protection is probably that of 238 Pu dioxide. Several
published comprehensive data sets, from animal studies and accidental human exposures, have been
analysed using the Human Respira...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: D Gregoratto and M R Bailey Source Type: research
Ray ’s Awareness. Radiation Health Effects Made Easy with Professor Dee and Doctor Hay
Description unavailable (Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Frank de Vocht Source Type: research
Assessment of organ dose and image quality in head and chest CT examinations: a phantom study
The purpose of this study is to assess dose for radiosensitive organs and image quality in head and
chest computed tomography (CT) examinations. Our focus was in the brain, eye lens and lung organs
using two protocols; one protocol with fixed mAs and filtered back projection (FBP) and another with
tube current modulation (TCM) and sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE). Measurements
were performed on a 128-slice CT scanner by placing thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) in an
anthropomorphic adult phantom. Results were compared to a CT-Expo software. Objective image quality
was assessed in terms of signal...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: S Gharbi, S Labidi, M Mars, M Chelli, S Meftah and M F Ladeb Source Type: research
Inconsistencies and omissions in the implementation of IRR17 to medical, dental and veterinary
practices
Description unavailable (Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: B Michael Moores Source Type: research
UN Scientific Committee launches a new evaluation of thyroid cancer data in regions affected by the
Chernobyl accident
Description unavailable (Source: Journal of Radiological Protection)
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - June 4, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Richard Wakeford Source Type: research
Comparison of normal tissue dose calculation methods for epidemiological studies of radiotherapy
patients
Radiation dosimetry is an essential input for epidemiological studies of radiotherapy patients aimed
at quantifying the dose –response relationship of late-term morbidity and mortality. Individualised
organ dose must be estimated for all tissues of interest located in-field, near-field, or
out-of-field. Whereas conventional measurement approaches are limited to points in water or
anthropomorphic phantoms, computational approaches using patient images or human phantoms offer
greater flexibility and can provide more detailed three-dimensional dose information. In the current
study, we systematically compared four dif...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - May 9, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Matthew M Mille, Jae Won Jung, Choonik Lee, Gleb A Kuzmin and Choonsik Lee Source Type: research
Quantities for assessing high photon doses to the body: a calculational approach
Tissue reactions are the most clinically significant consequences of high-dose exposures to ionising
radiation. However, currently there is no universally recognized dose quantity that can be used to
assess and report generalised risks to individuals following whole body exposures in the high-dose
range. In this work, a number of potential dose quantities are presented and discussed, with
mathematical modelling techniques employed to compare them and explore when their differences are
most or least manifest. The results are interpreted to propose the average ( D GRB ) of the absorbed
doses to the stomach, small intes...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - May 9, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Jonathan S Eakins and Elizabeth A Ainsbury Source Type: research
Is eye lens dosimetry needed in nuclear medicine?
Introduction. The exact level of exposure experienced by nuclear medicine personnel, whose work
often requires performing manual procedures involving radioactive isotopes, is associated with the
form of radiation source used. The variety of radionuclides and medical procedures, and the yearly
increase in the number of patients, as well as the change of the individual dose limit for the lens
of the eye from a value of 150 mSv yr −1 to 20 mSv yr −1 , mean that issues of eye lens routine
dosimetry become interesting from the radiation protection point of view. Objective. This paper
presents an analysis of the exposu...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - May 9, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: M Wrzesie ń, L Królicki, Ł Albiniak and J Olszewski Source Type: research
Quantities for assessing high doses to the body: a short review of the current status
Tissue reactions are the most clinically significant consequences of high-dose exposures to ionizing
radiation. However, there is currently no universally recognized or recommended dose quantity that
can be used to assess generalized risks to individuals following whole body exposures in the
high-dose range. This is particularly problematic in emergency response situations, for example,
following external exposures of large numbers of individuals: in attempts to relate the triage
dosemeter absorbed dose to the risk to the individual, such that a ‘dose’ may subsequently be
reported to medical professionals, it is ...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - May 9, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Jonathan S Eakins and Elizabeth A Ainsbury Source Type: research
Measurement of scattered and transmitted x-rays from intra-oral and panoramic dental x-ray equipment
The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of transmitted radiation arising from the use of
intra-oral dental x-ray equipment and scattered radiation arising from the use of both intra-oral
and panoramic x-ray equipment. Levels of scattered radiation were measured at 1 m from a phantom,
using an ion chamber with a volume of 1800 cm 3 . Transmitted radiation was measured using both (i)
a phantom and dose –area product (DAP) meter and (ii) a patient and a 1800 cm 3 ion chamber. For
intra-oral radiography the patient study gave a maximum transmission of 1.80% (range 0.04 –1.80%,
mean 0.26%) and the phantom stu...
Source: Journal of Radiological Protection - May 9, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: John Holroyd Source Type: research
