Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Spatiotemporal development of spinal neuronal and glial populations in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
ConclusionsWe show marked changes in both spinal white matter and neuronal composition that change regionally over the life span. In the embryonic Ts65Dn spinal cord, we observe alterations in motor neuron production and migration. In the adult spinal cord, we observe changes in oligodendrocyte maturation and motor neuron loss, the latter of which has also been observed in human spinal cord tissue samples. This work uncovers multiple cellular perturbations during Ts65Dn development and aging, many of which may underlie the motor deficits found in DS. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The impact of expressive language development and the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus on listening and reading comprehension
ConclusionsEarly intervention should be provided for children with delayed expressive language milestones, particularly those who are at risk for speech or language disorders. The ILF plays a critical role in the relationship between expressive language development and comprehension, which may be that of a protective factor for children with the most severe early issues with speech and language. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The role of glia in epilepsy, intellectual disability, and other neurodevelopmental disorders in tuberous sclerosis complex
ConclusionsDifferent types of glial cells have both cell autonomous effects and interactions with neurons and other cells that are involved in the pathophysiology of the neurological phenotype of TSC. Targeting glial-mediated mechanisms may represent a novel therapeutic approach for epilepsy and TAND in TSC patients. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

In memory of Jean de Vellis (1935 –2018)
(Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

White matter and neurodevelopmental disorders: honoring Jean De Vellis through the work of the NICHD-funded intellectual and developmental disabilities research centers
(Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Refining the concept of GFAP toxicity in Alexander disease
ConclusionThe implications of these questions for the design of effective treatments are discussed. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - December 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Are there shared neural correlates between dyslexia and ADHD? A meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies
ConclusionsThe current study is the first to meta-analyze overlap between gray matter differences in dyslexia and ADHD, which is a critical step toward constructing a multi-level understanding of this comorbidity that spans the genetic, neural, and cognitive levels of analysis. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - November 20, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Quantitative gait assessment in children with 16p11.2 syndrome
ConclusionsChildren with 16p11.2, with and without ASD, present with balance impairment during locomotion activities. Probands performed worse on functional assessments, and quantitative measures revealed differences inbase of support. These results highlight the importance of using precise measures to differentiate motor dysfunction in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - October 26, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vocabulary comprehension in adults with fragile X syndrome (FXS)
ConclusionsFindings from this investigation strongly suggest that the PPVT-III should not be used as a screening tool for language levels or cognitive function in clinical studies since the scores from the PPVT-III were not representative of global language or non-verbal cognitive skills in adults with intellectual disabilities. This finding is critical in order to understand how to evaluate, as well as to treat, language in individuals with FXS. Development of efficient and appropriate tools to measure language, cognition, and behavior in individuals with FXS is essential. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - October 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Behavioural and psychological characteristics in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a comparison with Angelman and Cornelia de Lange syndromes
ConclusionsBehaviours which may be characteristic of PTHS include those associated with ASD, including deficits in social communication and reciprocal social interaction. High rates of aggression and self-injurious behaviour compared to other genetic syndrome groups are of potential clinical significance and warrant further investigation. An atypical sensory profile may also be evident in PTHS. The specific aetiology of and relationships between different behavioural and psychological atypicalities in PTHS, and effective clinical management of these, present potential topics for future research. (Source: Journal of Neurode...
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - October 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Developmental divergence: motor trajectories in children with fragile X syndrome with and without co-occurring autism
ConclusionsThis study is the first to examine longitudinal trends in motor development in children with FXS with and without comorbid ASD using both direct assessment and parent-report measures of fine and gross motor. Furthermore, it is among the first to account for nonverbal cognitive delays, a step towards elucidating the isolated role of motor impairments in FXS with and without ASD. Findings underscore the role of motor impairments as a possible signal representing greater underlying genetic liability, or as a potential catalyst or consequence, of co-occurring autism in FXS. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - October 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Early negative affect in males and females with fragile X syndrome: implications for anxiety and autism
ConclusionsThe current work addresses the importance of studying the development of psychopathology in a specific neurogenetic population. Temperamental negative affect was shown to be an important early marker for anxiety in young children with FXS, with subtle differences observed between males and females. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - September 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Within-task variability on standardized language tests predicts autism spectrum disorder: a pilot study of the Response Dispersion Index
ConclusionsThe RDI is an effective quantitative metric of developmental deviance/difference that correlates with ASD traits, supporting previous associations between ASD and non-sequential skill acquisition. The RDI can be adapted to other clinical measures to investigate the degree of difference that is not captured by standard performance summary scores. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - September 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Assessing general cognitive and adaptive abilities in adults with Down syndrome: a systematic review
ConclusionsStudies assessing general ability in adults with DS are likely to benefit from the use of both IQ and AB scales. The DS research community may benefit from the development of reporting standards for IQ and AB data, and from the sharing of raw study data enabling further in-depth investigation of issues highlighted by this review. (Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - August 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain activity during a mental flexibility task suggests some shared neurobiology in children with neurodevelopmental disorders
ConclusionOur study supports the notion that NDDs may exist along a complex phenotypic/biological continuum. All NDD groups showed a sustained parietal activity profile suggesting that they share a strong reliance on the posterior parietal cortices to complete the mental flexibility task; future studies could elucidate whether this is due to delayed brain development or compensatory functioning. The differences in frontal activity may play a role in differentiating the NDDs. The OCD group showed sustained prefrontal activity that may be reflective of hyperfrontality. The ASD group showed reduced frontal activation suggesti...
Source: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders - August 18, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research