JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Neural Contributions to the Cochlear Summating Potential: Spiking and Dendritic Components
AbstractUsing electrocochleography, the summating potential (SP) is a deflection from baseline to tones and an early rise in the response to clicks. Here, we use normal hearing gerbils and gerbils with outer hair cells removed with a combination of furosemide and kanamycin to investigate cellular origins of the SP. Round window electrocochleography to tones and clicks was performed before and after application of tetrodotoxin to prevent action potentials, and then again after kainic acid to prevent generation of an EPSP. With appropriate subtractions of the response curves from the different conditions, the contributions t...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - June 1, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

The Intelligibility of Time-Compressed Speech Is Correlated with the Ability to Listen in Modulated Noise
AbstractSpeech perception in difficult listening conditions depends highly on the temporal processing ability of the auditory pathway. In the present study, we investigate the inter-subject variability of young normal-hearing listeners in the identification of time-compressed speech and how the ability to identify time-compressed speech, as assessed by the speech reception threshold (SRTrate: the speech rate at which 50% of the speech is perceived correctly) is associated with the ability to identify speech in unmodulated (SRTunmod) and modulated noise (SRTmod). These tasks are highly dependent on the temporal processing a...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - June 1, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

MicroRNA Signature and Cellular Characterization of Undifferentiated and Differentiated House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) Cells
This study therefore aimed to compare the miRNA profiles and cellular characteristics of HEI-OC1 cells cultured under permissive (P-HEI-OC1) and non-permissive (NP-HEI-OC1) conditions. A significant increase in the level of expression of tubulin β1 class VI(Tubb1), e-cadherin(Cdh1), espin(Espn), and SRY (sex determining region Y)-box2(Sox2) mRNAs was identified in non-permissive cells compared with permissive cells (P < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis H test, 2-sided). miR-200 family, miR-34b/c, and miR-449a/b functionally related cluster miRNAs, rodent-specific maternally imprinted geneSfmbt2 intron 10th cluster miRNAs (-...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - May 11, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Correction to: Differential Activation of Canal and Otolith Afferents by Acoustic Tone Bursts in Rats
(Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology)
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - April 22, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in Otolaryngology and the Communication Sciences
AbstractUse of artificial intelligence (AI) is a burgeoning field in otolaryngology and the communication sciences. A virtual symposium on the topic was convened from Duke University on October 26, 2020, and was attended by more than 170 participants worldwide. This review presents summaries of all but one of the talks presented during the symposium; recordings of all the talks, along with the discussions for the talks, are available athttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktfewrXvEFg andhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gQ5qX2v3rg. Each of the summaries is about 2500 words in length and each summary includes two figures. This le...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - April 20, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Comparison of Responses to DCN vs. VCN Stimulation in a Mouse Model of the Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI)
AbstractThe auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is an auditory neuroprosthesis that provides hearing to deaf patients by electrically stimulating the cochlear nucleus (CN) of the brainstem. Whether such stimulation activates one or the other of the CN ’s two major subdivisions is not known. Here, we demonstrate clear response differences from the stimulation of the dorsal (D) vs. ventral (V) subdivisions of the CN in a mouse model of the ABI with a surface-stimulating electrode array. For the DCN, low levels of stimulation evoked multiunit resp onses in the inferior colliculus (IC) that were unimodally distributed with earl...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - April 5, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Differential Activation of Canal and Otolith Afferents by Acoustic Tone Bursts in Rats
AbstractVestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are routinely used to test otolith function, but which specific vestibular afferent neurons and central circuits are activated by auditory frequency VEMP stimuli remains unclear. To examine this question, we analyzed the sensitivity of individual vestibular afferents in adult Sprague –Dawley rats to tone bursts delivered at 9 frequencies (125–4000 Hz) and 3 intensity levels (60, 70, 80 dB SL re: acoustic brainstem response (ABR) threshold). Afferent neuron tone sensitivity was quantified by the cumulative probability of evoking a spike (CPE). Based on a threshold ...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - April 4, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Effect of Selective Carboplatin-Induced Inner Hair Cell Loss on Temporal Integration in Chinchillas
AbstractIntegration of acoustic information over time is essential for processing complex stimuli, such as speech, due to its continuous variability along the time domain. In both humans and animals, perception of acoustic stimuli is a function of both stimulus intensity and duration. For brief acoustic stimuli, as duration increases, thresholds decrease by approximately 3 dB for every doubling in duration until stimulus duration reaches 500 ms, a phenomenon known as temporal integration. Although hearing loss and damage to outer hair cells (OHC) have been shown to alter temporal integration in some studies, the role of...
Source: JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology - April 4, 2022 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research