Unveiling the role of exercise training in targeting the inflammatory paradigm of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a narrative review
In conclusion, despite the scarcity of clinical studies in this population, there is compelling evidence suggesting that EXT modulates crucial aspects of the inflammatory pathway described for HFpEF and future investigation on cellular and molecular mechanisms are encouraged. (Source: Heart Failure Reviews)
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Ventricular non-compaction review
AbstractLeft ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare and unclassified cardiomyopathy that carries the potential to cause heart failure, arrhythmias, and embolic events within adults. The diagnosis of this cardiomyopathy can be based off a variety of echocardiographic, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and computed tomography (CT) imaging criteria; none of which have been standardized to establish a firm diagnosis. This is further complicated by the observation from prior studies that LVNC may present as different forms of cardiomyopathy, each with its own subset of nuances that may change treatment strat...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 7, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Prognostic value of natriuretic peptides in heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractRisk models, informing optimal long-term medical management, seldom use natriuretic peptides (NP) in ascertaining the absolute risk of outcomes for HF patients. Individual studies evaluating the prognostic value of NPs in HF patients have reported varying effects, arriving at best estimates requires a systematic review. We systematically summarized the best evidence regarding the prognostic value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT-proBNP in predicting mortality and hospitalizations in ambulatory heart failure (HF) patients. We searched bibliographic databases from 2005 to 2018 and included studies evaluating...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Heart failure and atrial fibrillation: new concepts in pathophysiology, management, and future directions
AbstractA bidirectional pathophysiological link connects heart failure and atrial fibrillation, creating a frequent and challenging comorbidity, which includes neurohormonal hyperactivation, fibrosis development, and electrophysiologic remodeling, while they share mutual risk factors. Management for these devastating comorbidities includes most of the established treatment measures for heart failure as well as rhythm or rate control and anticoagulation mostly for atrial fibrillation, which can be achieved with either pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical approaches. The current manuscript aims to review the existing literat...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Clinical variants of myocardial involvement in COVID-19-positive patients: a cumulative experience of 2020
AbstractMyocardial injury, diagnosed by troponin elevation, is common in COVID-19 patients, but cardiac involvement with clinical manifestations occurs less frequently. We analyzed the literature on COVID-19 (2020) and systematically reviewed the cases where individual patient data were presented. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for “COVID,” “COVID-19,” and “coronavirus” in combination with “myocarditis,” “heart failure,” “takotsubo,” “cardiomyopathy,” and “cardiogenic shock.” We identified 90 cases of COVID-19 with myocardial involvement, mean age 52.9 ± 18.3 years, 54.5% males....
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Polypharmacy definition and prevalence in heart failure: a systematic review
AbstractPolypharmacy and heart failure are becoming increasingly common due to an ageing population and the rise of multimorbidity. Treating heart failure necessitates prescribing of multiple medications, in-line with national and international guidelines predisposing patients to polypharmacy. This review aims to identify how polypharmacy has been defined among heart failure patients in the literature, whether a standard definition in relation to heart failure could be identified and to describe the prevalence. The Healthcare Database Advanced Search (HDAS) was used to search EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cinahl and PsychInfo f...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - July 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiac 1H MR spectroscopy: development of the past five decades and future perspectives
AbstractContinued advances in laboratory medicine are required to realize the potential of individualized medicine to impact common cardiovascular diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have advanced over recent years and offer unique, powerful insights into cardiac anatomic and metabolic changes, respectively, occurring in both nascent and advanced heart disease. Although numerous MRI-based in vivo diagnostics are already used in routine clinical practice and more are anticipated, MRS has been less incorporated into routine clinical practice. Given the ability of1H MRS to identify and...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 25, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and failure: a review
AbstractRight ventricular diastolic dysfunction and failure (RVDDF) has been increasingly identified in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and other diseases with cardiac involvement. It is unknown whether RVDDF exists as a distinct clinical entity; however, its presence and degree have been shown to be a sensitive marker of end-organ dysfunction related to multiple disease processes including systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and endocrine disease. In this manuscript, we review issues pertaining to RVDDF including anatomic features of the right ventricle, physiologic...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 19, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: role of novel echo techniques and multi-modality imaging assessment
AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) represents one of the primary cardiomyopathies and may lead to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Among various histologic features of the disease examined, assessment of myocardial fibrosis may offer valuable information, since it may be considered the common nominator for all HCM connected complications. Late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) has emerged as the reference noninvasive method for visualizing and quantifying myocardial fibrosis in patients with HCM. T1 mapping, a promising new CMR technique, may provide an advantage over conventional LGE-C...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Theoretical considerations for a left atrial pump in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogenous group of disorders, unified by findings of elevated left atrial and left ventricular filling pressures in the setting of normal systolic function. Medical therapies for HFpEF patients are markedly limited, and these patients are often unable to tolerate conventional left ventricular assist device therapies because of small chamber size. The Synergy System (CircuLite, Inc., Saddle Brook, NJ) was a micropump-based form of mechanical circulatory support in which flow derived from the left atrium was delivered to the subclavian artery. In this r...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial abnormalities: a hub in metabolic syndrome-related cardiac dysfunction caused by oxidative stress
AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a group of cardiovascular risk elements comprising insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, increased glucose intolerance, and increased blood pressure. Individually, all the MetS components can lead to cardiac dysfunction, while their combination generates additional risks of morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, a dominant event in cellular damage and impairment, plays an indispensable role in cardiac dysfunction in MetS. Oxidative stress can not only disrupt mitochondrial activity through inducing oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA, RNA...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Social and environmental risks as contributors to the clinical course of heart failure
AbstractHeart failure is a major contributor to healthcare expenditures. Many clinical risk factors for the development and exacerbation of heart failure had been reported, including diabetes, renal dysfunction, and respiratory disease. In addition to these clinical parameters, the effects of social factors, such as occupation or lifestyle, and environmental factors may have a great impact on disease development and progression of heart failure. However, the current understanding of social and environmental factors as contributors to the clinical course of heart failure is insufficient. To present the knowledge of these fa...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Letter to the Editor regarding the article “SGLT2 inhibitors and cardiovascular and renal outcomes: a meta‑analysis and trial sequential analysis”
(Source: Heart Failure Reviews)
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Response to letter to the editor regarding the article “SGLT2 inhibitors and cardiovascular and renal outcomes: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis” Cardiac, renal protection with SGLT2 inhibitors is evident but not in every diabetic patient
(Source: Heart Failure Reviews)
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cognitive impairment in heart failure: clinical implications, tools of assessment, and therapeutic considerations
AbstractCognitive impairment (CI) is an important comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF). Its prevalence parallels the severity of heart failure, while it is an independent prognostic marker of adverse events. Various factors contribute to cognitive decline in HF, influencing self-care. There are no standardized screening methods for the diagnosis and management of these patients. The aim of the present manuscript is to provide an overview of the impact of cognitive impairment in HF, describe the utility of assessment tools and imaging methods for the evaluation of CI, and propose a comprehensive diagnostic and ma...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - May 3, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
