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Influence of chronic exercise on serum cortisol levels in older adults
Abstract The circulating level of cortisol is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through a neuroendocrine feedback circuit. This circuit can be activated by physiological stimuli such as stress, diseases, and exercise. High levels of serum cortisol hormone normally occur as a byproduct of aging, and can cause several types of damage to the organism and exacerbate immunosenescence. There is a great deal of variability in the cortisol response with regard to type, intensity, volume, and frequency of exercise. However, these relationships have been extensively studied with respect to the ...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Active aging—a multidisciplinary approach to the third and fourth age
(Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity)
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Trunk stabilization with sling training in osteoporosis patients—a randomized clinical trial
Abstract Fractures due to osteoporosis are one of the principal causes of functional limitations, chronic pain, and greater morbidity in advanced age. In addition to bone risk factors for osteoporotic fractures include extraosseous causes such as falls or reduced neuromuscular capacity. Muscle and coordination exercises enhance the patients’ abilities in daily life and prevent falls. In view of recent conclusions drawn from competitive sports, which stress the significance of the muscles of the trunk in respect of reducing back pain and optimizing posture, we used sling exercises to determine whether ...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Reliability and effects of muscular pretension on isometric strength of older adults
In conclusion, MT could be measured reliably over different trials using isometric strength measurement. The test–retest reliability was acceptable at knee extension with 10 to 40 % muscular pretension and with 40 % muscular pretension at knee flexion. A higher muscular pretension has no impact on MT but decreases MRTD in older adults. (Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity)
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Society Pages
(Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity)
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Level of physical activity and anthropometric characteristics in old age—results from a national health survey
The objective is to assess the relationship between adherence to recommended guidelines of physical activity and anthropometric parameters in Israeli older adults. Anthropometric measures, including height, weight, and waist circumference, were taken, and BMI was calculated, from a random sample of 1,663 elderly adults (799 men and 864 women), aged 74.31 (±6.05) years old. Participants reported their physical activity habits and, based on official guidelines recommendations, they were divided into sufficiently active, insufficiently active, and inactive groups. One-way ANOVA (level of physical activity) for both genders w...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - February 18, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Physical activity of middle-age adults aged 50–65 years in view of health recommendations
The objective of the study was to assess the level of habitual physical activity, mainly its frequency and duration, of middle-age adults aged 50–65 years in a typical week of their life in comparison to the level of these parameters recommended for health benefits. The study carried out in the Upper Silesia region in Poland in May 2010 included 456 deliberately selected subjects (234 women and 222 men) aged 50–65 years. Numeric data were collected by diagnostic survey method using the short version of IPAQ. The surveyed men were characterized by higher level of physical activity than the surveyed women (longer durat...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - January 28, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Assessing physical activity in inpatient rehabilitation—sensor-based validation of the PAIR
In this study, the PAIR was validated against a sensor-based physical activity measurement. Seventy functionally impaired and cognitively mostly intact patients of a German geriatric inpatient rehabilitation clinic who had undergone hip surgery (n = 62 women, median age = 83 years) participated. Physical activity was measured using the PAIR and a sensor-based activity monitor (Physilog ®; BioAGM, CH). Assessments were conducted at admission (T1) and 2 weeks later (T2) during the rehabilitation process. To assess concurrent and predictive validity, Spearman correlations and linear regression models were calculate...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - January 23, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Design considerations for a theory-driven exergame-based rehabilitation program to improve walking of persons with stroke
Abstract Virtual rehabilitation approaches for promoting motor recovery has attracted considerable attention in recent years. It appears to be a useful tool to provide beneficial and motivational rehabilitation conditions. Following a stroke, hemiparesis is one of the most disabling impairments and, therefore, many affected people often show substantial deficits in walking abilities. Hence, one of the major goals of stroke rehabilitation is to improve patients' gait characteristics and hence to regain their highest possible level of walking ability. Because previous studies indicate a relationship between...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - December 7, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Effectiveness of water-based exercise in people living with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review
Abstract This systematic review summarizes the relatively scant literature concerning the effectiveness of water-based exercise (WBE) interventions in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro, Scopus, and SportDiscus were searched from the earliest available date to December 2011. Studies had to meet the following selection criteria: (1) the target population was patients with PD; (2) the effects of a WBE intervention (as the primary intervention) were tested; (3) the abstract of the research was available in English. Selected studies were subject to unmasked quality assess...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - December 3, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

The Multisurface Obstacle Test for Older Adults (MSOT): development and reliability of a novel test for older adults
Abstract Locomotion is an essential component of independence and well-being at old age. Performance deficits in the gait of older adults most often become evident on multisurface and varying terrains. Research results substantiate that falls occur in everyday movement situations that are characterized by instability. A test track, the Multisurface Obstacle Test for Older Adults (MSOT), was developed to diagnose individual performance. The 10-m track consists of different obstacles and varying surfaces, which represent everyday movement situations in a compact way. Twenty-nine untrained, healthy older a...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - October 1, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Resistance training induced increase in VO 2 max in young and older subjects
Abstract It is an undeniable fact that resistance training (RT) is a potent stimulus for muscle hypertrophy and strength gain, but it is less understood whether RT can increase maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max). The purpose of this brief review is to discuss whether or not RT enhances VO2max in young (20–40 years) and older subjects (>60 years). Only 3 of 17 studies involving young subjects have indicated significant increases in VO2max following RT, while six of nine studies in older subjects have reported significant improvements in VO2max following RT. There was a significant negative correlat...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - October 1, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Rapid repetitive passive movement promotes knee proprioception in the elderly
Abstract Joint proprioception plays an important role in the generation of coordinated movements, maintenance of normal body posture, body conditioning, motor learning, and relearning. Previous studies have demonstrated that proprioceptive function of the elderly can be enhanced via specific exercises; however, not all of the elderly can actively and safely participate in physical activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rapid repetitive passive movement in an average velocity of 90°/s on knee proprioception in the elderly. A repeated-measure design was employed. Two age gro...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - October 1, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Effects of age and physical activity on response speed in knee flexor and extensor muscles
This study aims to determine the normalized response speed (V rn) in vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles in different age groups using tensiomyography. Eighty-four male subjects were divided into four age groups: teenage subjects (T); undergraduate students (U), adult subjects (A), and the elderly group (E). Differences in V rn were observed between E and T (p = 0.000), E and U (p = 0.000), and E and A (p = 0.018) for right VL and between E and T (p < 0.000) and U (p = 0.003) for left VL; between T and U (p = 0.010) and A (p = 0.00...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - October 1, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Physical activity is inversely related to drug consumption in elderly patients with cardiovascular events
Abstract Elderly patients with cardiovascular events are characterized by high drug consumptions. Whether high drug consumptions are related to physical activity is not known. In order to examine whether physical activity is related to drug consumption in the elderly, patients older than 65 years (n = 250) with a recent cardiovascular event were studied. Physical activity was analyzed according to the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) score and related to drug consumption. PASE score was 72.4 ± 45.0 and drug consumption was 8.3 ± 2.2. Elderly patients with greater comorbidity...
Source: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity - October 1, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research