Site Fidelity is Associated with Food Provisioning and Salmonella in an Urban Wading Bird
AbstractFood provisioning can change wildlife pathogen dynamics by altering host susceptibility via nutrition and/or through shifts in foraging behavior and space use. We used the American white ibis (Eudocimus albus), a wading bird increasingly observed in urban parks, as a model to study synergistic relationships between food provisioning and infection risk across an urban gradient in South Florida. We tested whetherSalmonella prevalence was associated with changes in ibis diet (stable isotope analysis), space use (site fidelity via GPS tracking), and local density (flock size). We compared the relative importance of the...
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Challenges and Insights Regarding Fenced Large Game Populations and the New EU Animal Health Law
(Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Assessment of Environmental Hazards to Public Health in Temperate Urban Argentina
AbstractHuman health risk in urban areas depends on multiple environmental features. We performed a year-round survey in a highly urbanized district located in temperate Argentina (General San Mart ín, Buenos Aires) to establish baseline information about environmental hazards associated with health risks. Sampling was stratified into low and high hazardous zones according to estimated indexes previously developed for the area for four hazards: drinking water and air pollution, and mosquito a nd rodent infestation. Water from wells showed lower concentrations of aluminum, manganese and iron, and higher values of arsenic t...
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Movements of Indian Flying Fox in Myanmar as a Guide to Human-Bat Interface Sites
AbstractFrugivorous bats play a vital role in tropical ecosystems as pollinators and seed dispersers but are also important vectors of zoonotic diseases. Myanmar sits at the intersection of numerous bioregions and contains habitats that are important for many endangered and endemic species. This rapidly developing country also forms a connection between hotspots of emerging human diseases. We deployed Global Positioning System collars to track the movements of 10 Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus) in the agricultural landscapes of central Myanmar. We used clustering analysis to identify foraging sites and high-utilizat...
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Serological Detection of Flavivirus Infections in Saudi Baboons
AbstractTo evaluate the risk to public health from Flaviviruses in the southwest region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, we screened as sentinels, 50 commensal hamadryas baboons located at a peri-domestic site on the outskirts of Ta ’if City in February 2013. Of the baboons, 12% [95% CI 5, 24], 0% [95% CI 0, 7] and 10% [95% CI 3, 22] were seropositive in a pan-Flavivirus ELISA (anti-pan-WNV 1 –2, Usutu, Zika), Dengue virus 1–4 ELISA (anti-DENV 1–4) and WNV-1 PRNT, respectively, indicatingFlavirus exposures of the subjects with possible risk to public health in the area. (Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Site Fidelity is Associated with Food Provisioning and Salmonella in an Urban Wading Bird
AbstractFood provisioning can change wildlife pathogen dynamics by altering host susceptibility via nutrition and/or through shifts in foraging behavior and space use. We used the American white ibis (Eudocimus albus), a wading bird increasingly observed in urban parks, as a model to study synergistic relationships between food provisioning and infection risk across an urban gradient in South Florida. We tested whetherSalmonella prevalence was associated with changes in ibis diet (stable isotope analysis), space use (site fidelity via GPS tracking), and local density (flock size). We compared the relative importance of the...
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Challenges and Insights Regarding Fenced Large Game Populations and the New EU Animal Health Law
(Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - August 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Effects of Waning Maternal Immunity on Infection Dynamics in Seasonally Breeding Wildlife
We examined how the population structure, influenced by seasonal breeding and maternally derived immunity, affects viral invasion and persistence using a hypothetical system based on Hendra virus infection in black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto). A deterministic Hendra virus epidemic model with uncertainty in parameter values was used to simulate transient epidemics following viral introduction into an infection-free population, including various timings within a year and differences in pre-existing seroprevalence. Additionally, we applied different modelling methods of waning maternal immunity to examine whether different...
Source: EcoHealth - August 25, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Zoonotic Risk in Wildlife Trade, Southern China
AbstractCurrent wildlife trade practices in China lead to significant interactions between humans and animals and drive the emergence of zoonotic diseases. The at-risk behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes that influence health-related behaviors in relation to animal contact and safety measures in the trade remain poorly understood. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 947 adult Internet users in three provinces in southern China to assess knowledge, perceived disease risks, at-risk behaviors, and the association of these factors with other demographic factors among the target population. Few of the p...
Source: EcoHealth - August 4, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Fibropapillomatosis and the Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 in Green Turtles from West Africa
We report the first baselines of FP and ChAHV5 prevalence for West Africa green turtles, essential to assess evo lution of disease and future impacts of anthropogenic activities. (Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - July 9, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Sarcocystis neurona Transmission from Opossums to Marine Mammals in the Pacific Northwest
AbstractIncreasing reports of marine mammal deaths have been attributed to the parasiteSarcocystis neurona. Infected opossums, the only known definitive hosts, shedS. neurona sporocysts in their feces. Sporocysts can contaminate the marine environment via overland runoff, and subsequent ingestion by marine mammals can lead to fatal encephalitis. Our aim was to determine the prevalence ofS. neurona in opossums from coastal areas of Washington State (USA) and to compare genetic markers betweenS. neurona in opossums and marine mammals. Thirty-two road-kill opossums and tissue samples from 30 stranded marine mammals meeting in...
Source: EcoHealth - July 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Spatial Risk Analysis of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, A Global Emerging Fungal Pathogen
In this study, global distribution data ofB. dendrobatidis were collected from January 2009 to May 2019. Space –time scan statistics and the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model were used to analyze the epidemic trends and aggregation of the pathogen, and predictB. dendrobatidis distribution through its relationships with climate factors, wind speed, and solar radiation. The results of space –time scan statistics show seven clusters of data for the distribution ofB. dendrobatidis. The time was mainly concentrated in 2009, 2013, 2015, and 2016, and the regions were primarily concentrated in southeastern Canada, southwestern F...
Source: EcoHealth - July 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Raccoon Dogs and Badgers in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan
AbstractA total of 55 samples of intestinal contents from 28 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and 27 badgers (Males anakuma) in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence ofCampylobacter species.C. jejuni andC. upsaliensis were isolated from 3.6% (n = 1) and 75% (n = 21) of raccoon dogs, respectively. In contrast, noCampylobacter spp. was isolated from the badgers examined. TheC. upsaliensis isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 8 antimicrobial agents. This revealed that most of the isolates from raccoon dogs were susceptible to the antimicrobial agents exami...
Source: EcoHealth - July 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
In This Issue
(Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - July 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Proposing Anticipated Solastalgia as a New Concept on the Human-Ecosystem Health Nexus
(Source: EcoHealth)
Source: EcoHealth - June 29, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
