Advancements in Surgical Performance Evaluation and Feedback
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHow today ’s urology trainees acquire surgical skills has changed dramatically due to multiple forces placing strain on the graduate medical education mission. The development of workplace-based assessments that deliver feedback while capturing performance data has led to a paradigm shift toward individuali zed learning.Recent FindingsDelivering feedback that drives surgical skill development requires the educator to provide a meaningful assessment of the learner after an operative experience. Workplace-based assessment involves direct observation of routine clinical practice and has become a cen...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 17, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Robotic Surgery for Stone Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo evaluate recent literature regarding the role of robotic technology in the treatment of nephrolithiasis with particular attention to complex technical procedures.Recent FindingsRobotic platforms including single-port robotics have been widely adopted in urological practice for the treatment of both malignant and benign conditions and has led to an expansion of the utilization of robot-assisted surgery to tackle challenging clinical scenarios such as bladder neck reconstruction, upper urinary tract reconstruction, and more recently complex stone disease. Presently, the American Urological Associa...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 17, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Kidney Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is increasingly utilized in the management of localized kidney cancers, particularly for patients who are not surgical candidates. Herein, we provide a narrative review of SBRT in the management of localized kidney cancers.Recent FindingsRecent prospective studies and multi-institutional retrospective studies highlight the safety and efficacy of SBRT in the management of renal tumors, a disease previously thought to be radioresistant. Studies have shown that local control is greater than 90% with rare grade 3 or 4 toxicity and no grade 5 toxicity. SBRT can...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 16, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Review of Vaginal Approaches to Apical Prolapse Repair
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review recent literature and provide up-to-date knowledge on new and important findings in vaginal approaches to apical prolapse surgery.Recent FindingsOverall prolapse recurrence rates following transvaginal apical prolapse repair range from 13.7 to 70.3% in medium- to long-term follow-up, while reoperation rates for prolapse recurrence are lower, ranging from 1 to 35%. Subjective prolapse symptoms remain improved despite increasing anatomic failure rates over time. The majority of studies demonstrated improvement in prolapse-related symptoms and quality of life in over 80% of patients 2 –3 ...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 10, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Imaging Features of Renal Masses to Select Optimal Candidates for Tumor Enucleation Partial Nephrectomy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper was to critically evaluate preoperative findings that optimally select candidates for renal tumor enucleation partial nephrectomy.Recent FindingsTumor enucleation has been widely accepted as a management option for patients with chronic kidney disease, hereditary renal cell carcinoma, or multifocal disease. Recent evidence suggests safety and efficacy in the management of routine small renal masses. With recent advances in imaging, the literature for ruling out aggressive renal cell carcinoma and selection for tumor enucleation is robust.SummaryAs the incidence of renal cell ...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 9, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Aesthetic Penile Augmentation Procedures: A Comprehensive and Current Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSome men experience small penis syndrome (SPS), a body dysmorphic disorder in which a patient believes their penis to be small even when it is clinically average. As cosmetic surgery becomes more widely accepted, management of SPS may present a challenge for urologists. We aim to provide an updated review of aesthetic penile augmentation procedures.Recent FindingsAugmentation procedures range from invasive to noninvasive. Surgical solutions include grafts and flaps, suspensory ligament release, and suprapubic lipectomy. Minimally invasive solutions include injections of fillers (hyaluronic acid, po...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 9, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Imaging Features of Renal Masses to Select Optimal Candidates for Tumor Enucleation Partial Nephrectomy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper was to critically evaluate preoperative findings that optimally select candidates for renal tumor enucleation partial nephrectomy.Recent FindingsTumor enucleation has been widely accepted as a management option for patients with chronic kidney disease, hereditary renal cell carcinoma, or multifocal disease. Recent evidence suggests safety and efficacy in the management of routine small renal masses. With recent advances in imaging, the literature for ruling out aggressive renal cell carcinoma and selection for tumor enucleation is robust.SummaryAs the incidence of renal cell ...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 9, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Aesthetic Penile Augmentation Procedures: A Comprehensive and Current Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSome men experience small penis syndrome (SPS), a body dysmorphic disorder in which a patient believes their penis to be small even when it is clinically average. As cosmetic surgery becomes more widely accepted, management of SPS may present a challenge for urologists. We aim to provide an updated review of aesthetic penile augmentation procedures.Recent FindingsAugmentation procedures range from invasive to noninvasive. Surgical solutions include grafts and flaps, suspensory ligament release, and suprapubic lipectomy. Minimally invasive solutions include injections of fillers (hyaluronic acid, po...
Source: Current Urology Reports - November 9, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
An Update on Female Urethral Stricture Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide an overview of female urethral stricture disease and updates on surgical outcomes.Recent FindingsIn a large retrospective case series, women reported significant improvements in urinary symptoms and quality of life following treatment of their urethral stricture. Both vaginal flap and buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty have higher short- and long-term success rates than urethral dilation.SummaryFemale urethral stricture disease is rare and surgical reconstruction has the highest likelihood of long-term success. Due to the complexity of reconstruction, referral to a reconstructive trained...
Source: Current Urology Reports - October 29, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Evaluating the Whole Applicant: Use of Situational Judgment Testing and Personality Testing to Address Disparities in Resident Selection
AbstractPurpose of ReviewUrology program directors are faced with increasing numbers of applications annually, making holistic review of each candidate progressively more difficult. Efforts to streamline evaluation using traditional cognitive metrics have fallen short as these do not predict overall resident performance. Situational judgment tests (SJTs) and personality assessment tools (PATs) have been used in business and industry for decades to evaluate candidates and measure non-cognitive attributes that better predict subsequent performance. The purpose of this review is to describe what these assessments are and the ...
Source: Current Urology Reports - October 18, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Best Practices for Reducing Bias in the Interview Process
AbstractPurpose of ReviewObjective measures of residency applicants do not correlate to success within residency. While industry and business utilize standardized interviews with blinding and structured questions, residency programs have yet to uniformly incorporate these techniques. This review focuses on an in-depth evaluation of these practices and how they impact interview formatting and resident selection.Recent FindingsStructured interviews use standardized questions that are behaviorally or situationally anchored. This requires careful creation of a scoring rubric and interviewer training, ultimately leading to impr...
Source: Current Urology Reports - October 12, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
